Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bailey A. T. Weatherbee, Carlos W. Gantner, Lisa K. Iwamoto-Stohl, Riza M. Daza, Nobuhiko Hamazaki, Jay Shendure, Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz
Summary: By inducing stem cells, we have established a model of the human post-implantation embryo that mimics key aspects of human development and allows us to study tissue-tissue interactions. This model is important for investigating critical questions related to human post-implantation development and understanding the causes of pregnancy failure during this stage.
Article
Cell Biology
Shoupei Liu, Jue Wang, Sen Chen, Zonglin Han, Haibin Wu, Honglin Chen, Yuyou Duan
Summary: In this study, the enhancement of the liver transcription factor C/EBP beta was found to significantly promote the expression of hepatic genes and reinforce the proliferation capacity of hepatocytes. It was demonstrated that C/EBP beta directly bound to the promoter regions of proliferative genes and regulated cell proliferation by coupling with E2F2. This study provides a novel approach to generate proliferative hepatocytes for clinical and research applications.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Eleonora Stronati, Servando Giraldez, Ling Huang, Elizabeth Abraham, Gillian R. McGuire, Hui-Ting Hsu, Kathy A. Jones, Conchi Estaras
Summary: This study investigates the role of YAP1 in the formation of germ layers. YAP1 inhibits Nodal signaling by directly repressing key genes, leading to impaired ectoderm differentiation.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Faiza Farhan, Manjari Trivedi, Priscilla Di Wu, Wei Cui
Summary: This study found that HLCs cultured with collagen showed increased albumin and alpha-1 anti-trypsin expression, reduced AFP, and higher urea secretion compared to HLCs cultured with Matrigel. However, collagen-cultured HLCs exhibited lower CYP3A4 activity and glycogen storage than Matrigel-cultured HLCs. The functional differences in HLCs between collagen and Matrigel cultures resemble hepatic zonation in the liver lobules.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Alessandro Blasimme, Jeremy Sugarman
Summary: Human pluripotent stem cells have the potential to create in vitro models that mimic post-implantation human embryos. However, ethical concerns arise from such integrated embryo models, and it is necessary to address them in order to establish appropriate policies and regulations that support scientific innovation and medical progress.
Article
Cell Biology
Huike Ma, Tingting Gao, Liu Wang, Ali Mohsin, Jie Hao, Meijin Guo, Jun Wu
Summary: Bone defects, a clinically refractory orthopaedic disease, currently have no effective treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts and be used as potential seed cells for bone tissue engineering. However, the feasibility of using MSCs for bone tissue engineering and the preparation of large-scale cell-scaffold remain unresolved.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Toshihiro Mitaka, Norihisa Ichinohe, Naoki Tanimizu
Summary: Mature hepatocytes in the liver can be categorized into three subpopulations based on their proliferative capability: type I, type II, and type III cells. Small hepatocytes (SHs) are unique cells that appear in the liver and may play a role in liver regeneration. They can be derived from hepatocytic progenitors and are involved in the liver's development and growth.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yasaman Aghazadeh, Frankie Poon, Farida Sarangi, Frances T. M. Wong, Safwat T. Khan, Xuetao Sun, Rupal Hatkar, Brian J. Cox, Sara S. Nunes, M. Cristina Nostro
Summary: This study enhanced islet transplantation by using microvessels from adipose tissue, resulting in improved cell survival and glucose response in both human islets and hESC-derived pancreatic cells, ameliorating preexisting diabetes in three mouse models of T1D.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akihiro Shitara, Kazumasa Takahashi, Mayumi Goto, Harunori Takahashi, Takuya Iwasawa, Yohei Onodera, Kenichi Makino, Hiroshi Miura, Hiromitsu Shirasawa, Wataru Sato, Yukiyo Kumazawa, Yukihiro Terada
Summary: The study found that niPGT-A may be more accurate than PGT-A in terms of ploidy diagnostic accuracy in outgrowths.
Article
Cell Biology
Gianluca Amadei, Kasey Y. C. Lau, Joachim De Jonghe, Carlos W. Gantner, Berna Sozen, Christopher Chan, Meng Zhu, Christos Kyprianou, Florian Hollfelder, Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz
Summary: The study demonstrates that replacing XEN cells with ESCs transiently expressing Gata4 enhances the developmental potential of iETX embryos, enabling the study of anterior-posterior patterning and gastrulation in an in vitro system.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
O. Gagliano, S. Cascione, F. Michielin, N. Elvassore
Summary: The origin and development of circadian rhythms during embryonic development are still not fully understood. This study is the first attempt to investigate the emergence of peripheral circadian clocks in the liver, revealing a gradual development of circadian rhythmicity during hepatic commitment. The expression of clock genes reaches a peak at the hepatic progenitor stage, and circadian rhythmicity appears at the end of differentiation.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Celine Alkemade, Harmen Wierenga, Vladimir A. Volkov, Magdalena Preciado Lopez, Anna Akhmanova, Pieter Rein ten Wolde, Marileen Dogterom, Gijsje H. Koenderink
Summary: This study reveals the mechanism of passive cross-linkers generating forces in the interaction between actin and microtubules, and experimentally verifies this process. The results demonstrate that passive cross-linkers can facilitate the transportation of actin filaments on microtubules, which is significant for cellular remodeling processes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Kasey Y. C. Lau, Hernan Rubinstein, Carlos W. Gantner, Ron Hadas, Gianluca Amadei, Yonatan Stelzer, Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz
Summary: Scientists have developed an in vitro model using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) that can recapitulate mouse embryogenesis, including the interactions between embryonic and extraembryonic tissues. By comparing the transcriptional programs with natural embryos, the model shows remarkable similarity but also some divergences.
Article
Cell Biology
Yun Lv, Ziyan Rao, Lulu Liu, Jun Jia, Chenyang Wu, Jun Xu, Yuanyuan Du, Yinan Liu, Bei Liu, Jihang Shi, Guangya Li, Dongyu Zhao, Hongkui Deng
Summary: We have successfully derived hepatic progenitor cells and hepatocytes from pluripotent stem cells by mimicking the development of liver, which holds great potential for applications in cell therapy and drug discovery.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Menglu Li, Yukiko Ueyama-Toba, Matthew Lindley, Gunganist Kongklad, Yasunori Nawa, Yasuaki Kumamoto, Seiichi Ishida, Yasunari Kanda, Satoshi Fujita, Hiroyuki Mizuguchi, Katsumasa Fujita
Summary: To promote the clinical application of hiPSC-derived hepatocytes, a label-free Raman microscopy method is used to monitor regenerative processes and assess differentiation efficiency. The method has successfully identified intracellular biomolecules in live samples and compared the phenotypes of hiPSC-derived hepatocytes with HepaRG and commercially available iCell hepatocytes. The study also explored the use of Raman imaging as a hepatotoxicity assay, demonstrating its potential for quality control and hepatotoxicity screening.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benjamin J. Dwyer, Mark T. Macmillan, Paul N. Brennan, Stuart J. Forbes
Summary: Advanced liver disease poses a significant global health and economic burden, with liver transplantation as the only effective treatment option, but accompanied by risks and donor organ shortage. Cell therapies have advanced into early clinical trials, but challenges still need to be overcome before routine clinical use.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
B. Lucendo-Villarin, J. Meseguer-Ripolles, J. Drew, L. Fischer, E. Ma, O. Flint, K. J. Simpson, L. M. Machesky, J. C. Mountford, D. C. Hay
Summary: Liver disease is a growing global health problem, with liver transplant as the only curative treatment for end-stage liver disease, but donor organs are insufficient. In order to address the limitations of current cell-based models in performance and cost, the authors have developed an automated platform to scale up the production of liver tissue for disease modeling and drug screening.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katherine J. I. Ember, Fiona Hunt, Lauren E. Jamieson, John M. Hallett, Hannah Esser, Timothy J. Kendall, R. Eddie Clutton, Rachael Gregson, Karen Faulds, Stuart J. Forbes, Gabriel C. Oniscu, Colin J. Campbell
Summary: Raman spectroscopy is an effective and noninvasive tool for assessing liver quality in real time, especially sensitive to microvascular damage. In the donation after circulatory death model, reducing circulating blood volume may help reduce microvascular damage.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katherine J. I. Ember, Stuart J. Forbes, Gabriel C. Oniscu, Colin J. Campbell
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
P. A. Louwe, L. Badiola Gomez, H. Webster, G. Perona-Wright, C. C. Bain, S. J. Forbes, S. J. Jenkins
Summary: The fate of inflammation-elicited peritoneal macrophages is regulated by the environment, rather than predetermined. In mild inflammation, macrophages persist but remain in an immature state, while in severe inflammation, they eventually acquire a mature resident identity after the ablation of resident macrophages. The transcriptional and functional features of these macrophages are influenced by inflammation-driven alterations to the peritoneal cavity micro-environment and other factors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Miguel J. S. Ferreira, Fabrizio E. Mancini, Paul A. Humphreys, Leona Ogene, Michael Buckley, Marco A. N. Domingos, Susan J. Kimber
Summary: The use of human pluripotent stem cells in skeletal tissue engineering has shown promising results, with various methods being used for generating cartilage and bone. Emphasis is placed on generating authentic tissues rather than just differentiated cells, and new technologies are being developed to overcome challenges in this field. It is likely that cost-effective and efficacious engineered constructs using human pluripotent stem cells will be available for skeletal repair in the near future.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Lara Campana, Hannah Esser, Meritxell Huch, Stuart Forbes
Summary: Liver regeneration is a complex process involving the interaction of multiple cell types. During this process, epithelial and non-parenchymal cells respond in a tightly coordinated fashion, and the interaction between inflammatory cells and other cell types in the liver has been described in recent studies.
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marco Romano, Raul Elgueta, Daniel McCluskey, Ana Maria Ortega-Prieto, Emilie Stolarczyk, Francesco Dazzi, Baltasar Lucendo-Villarin, Jose Meseguer-Ripolles, James Williams, Giorgia Fanelli, David C. Hay, Fiona M. Watt, Giovanna Lombardi
Summary: Regenerative medicine aims to replace damaged tissues by stimulating tissue repair or transplanting cells. Pluripotent stem cells have the potential for unlimited cell production, making them valuable for regenerative medicine. However, immune responses pose a challenge to success. This study investigates the immunological properties of human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells and shows their potential for in vitro immunoregulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher A. Smith, Paul A. Humphreys, Nicola Bates, Mark A. Naven, Stuart A. Cain, Mona Dvir-Ginzberg, Susan J. Kimber
Summary: The activation of SIRT1 has a positive impact on the expression of main extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins during human cartilage development, but it also alters ECM composition and suppresses the content of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The activation of SIRT1 is associated with increased expression of ECM genes and chondrogenic transcription factors, as well as an interaction with ARID5B. However, the activation of SIRT1 also leads to a decrease in GAGs and down regulation of genes responsible for GAG chain initiation/elongation.
Article
Oncology
N. Evans Harding, Richard Simo, L. Li, P. Maniam, R. Adamson, A. Hay, B. Conn, M. Lyall, I. J. Nixon
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between multifocality and the risk of recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The results showed that multifocality itself does not contribute to worse outcomes in PTC, but the presence of 4 or more foci is associated with worse outcomes and may serve as a threshold for treatment intensification.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Stella Arakelyan, Nazir Lone, Atul Anand, Nataysia Mikula-Noble, Marcus Lyall, Luna De Ferrari, Stewart W. Mercer, Bruce Guthrie
Summary: This umbrella review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in improving health outcomes for adults with multiple long-term conditions. The review will analyze the effectiveness of holistic assessment-based interventions in community and hospital settings and summarize the evidence. The methods include literature search, quality assessment, data extraction, and presentation of findings.
JBI EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sophia A. Read, Chee Shuen Go, Miguel J. S. Ferreira, Cosimo Ligorio, Susan J. Kimber, Ahu G. Dumanli, Marco A. N. Domingos
Summary: This study proposes the use of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a rheological modifier to improve the printability of alginate-based bioinks. The results demonstrate that the addition of CNCs improves shear-thinning behavior and mechanical stability of the hydrogel, without affecting cell viability.
Article
Primary Health Care
Marcus J. Lyall, Dan Beckett, Anna Price, Mark W. J. Strachan, Clare Jamieson, Catriona Morton, Drummond Begg, Johanne Simpson, Nazir Lone, Allan Cameron
Summary: There is high variation in referral rates for acute medical assessment between general practices in the UK, and this variation is incompletely explained by factors such as age, deprivation, distance to the hospital, or care home residence status. Patients referred from high referring practices are less likely to require inpatient hospital care than patients from lower referring practices. Identifying modifiable factors that account for this variation may facilitate community-based care and reduce congestion in emergency care services.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mark A. Naven, Leo A. H. Zeef, Shiyang Li, Paul A. Humphreys, Christopher A. Smith, Dharshika Pathiranage, Stuart Cain, Steven Woods, Nicola Bates, Manting Au, Chunyi Wen, Susan J. Kimber, Qing-Jun Meng
Summary: This study utilized a chondrogenic differentiation model on human embryonic stem cells to investigate the activation of the circadian clock in human cartilage. The results demonstrated a differentiation-coupled mechanism in activating the circadian clock during chondrogenic differentiation, showing significant changes in gene expression levels at different stages of differentiation.