Article
Microbiology
Jennifer Gribble, Laura J. Stevens, Maria L. Agostini, Jordan Anderson-Daniels, James D. Chappell, Xiaotao Lu, Andrea J. Pruijssers, Andrew L. Routh, Mark R. Denison
Summary: Recombination is essential for coronavirus diversity and the emergence of new strains. The mechanisms of CoV recombination are not well understood, but studies have shown extensive and diverse recombination products in CoVs during replication. The nsp14-ExoN protein is crucial for native recombination in CoVs, highlighting its potential as a target for inhibitors to control SARS-CoV-2 and future emerging zoonotic CoVs.
Review
Microbiology
Yongshu Wu, Zhidong Zhang, Yanmin Li, Yijing Li
Summary: This review provides an overview of the recent advances in the induction of the integrated stress response (ISR) upon viral infection and the downstream responses, as well as the molecular mechanism of the ISR regulating viral replication and how viruses antagonize this cellular stress response.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hong Zhan, Nuruddin Unchwaniwala, Andrea Rebolledo-Viveros, Janice Pennington, Mark Horswill, Roma Broadberry, Jonathan Myers, Johan A. den Boon, Timothy Grant, Paul Ahlquist
Summary: Positive-strand RNA viruses replicate their genomes in virus-induced membrane vesicles, and the resulting RNA replication complexes are a major target for virus control. Using cryoelectron microscopy, researchers have discovered that mature nodavirus crowns are composed of two stacked 12-mer rings of viral RNA replication protein A, demonstrating the multifunctionality and flexibility of viral proteins.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yunshan Zhang, Min Zhu, Xing Zhang, Kun Dai, Zi Liang, Jun Pan, Ziyao Zhang, Manman Cao, Renyu Xue, Guangli Cao, Xiaolong Hu, Chengliang Gong
Summary: This study demonstrates that Bombyx mori cypovirus can generate viral circRNAs, and one of these circRNAs translates into a micropeptide that regulates viral replication.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dehe Wang, Ao Jiang, Jiangpeng Feng, Guangnan Li, Dong Guo, Muhammad Sajid, Kai Wu, Qiuhan Zhang, Yann Ponty, Sebastian Will, Feiyan Liu, Xinghai Yu, Shaopeng Li, Qianyun Liu, Xing-Lou Yang, Ming Guo, Xingqiao Li, Mingzhou Chen, Zheng-Li Shi, Ke Lan, Yu Chen, Yu Zhou
Summary: Through next-generation sequencing, it was found that SARS-CoV-2 can generate diverse subgenomes through template switching. The majority of template switches result from RNA-RNA interactions, with terminal pairing status playing a key role.
Article
Virology
Lei Zhang, Yingying Wang, Yuekun Shao, Jiamei Guo, George F. Gao, Tao Deng
Summary: In this study, it was discovered that the expression levels of NS1 and NS2 proteins in influenza virus infection can regulate viral RNA transcription and replication. NS1 protein stimulates viral transcription, while NS2 protein inhibits transcription. The expression levels of NS1 and NS2 proteins are closely related to the synthesis dynamics of viral RNA. The key functional amino acids of NS1 and NS2 involved in these regulations were also identified.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Jessica E. Packard, Jill A. Dembowski
Summary: DNA replication in HSV-1 involves a combination of viral and cellular factors, such as UL9, ICP8, UL30, UL42, and UL5/UL8/UL52 proteins, as well as accessory factors to coordinate viral DNA replication with other processes.
Article
Microbiology
Mayra Diosa-Toro, Debbie R. Kennedy, Vanessa Chuo, Vsevolod L. Popov, Julien Pompon, Mariano A. Garcia-Blanco
Summary: Infection with dengue virus induces rearrangements of the endoplasmic reticulum, and a host RNA-binding protein YBX1 plays a crucial role in viral replication and assembly by interacting with the viral nucleocapsid and participating in assembly sites.
Article
Microbiology
Mayra Diosa-Toro, Debbie R. Kennedy, Vanessa Chuo, Vsevolod L. Popov, Julien Pompon, Mariano A. Garcia-Blanco
Summary: Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) interacts with the viral nucleocapsid, distributes to DENV assembly sites, and is necessary for efficient assembly of intracellular infectious virions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gang Xu, Yezi Wu, Tongyang Xiao, Furong Qi, Lujie Fan, Shengyuan Zhang, Jian Zhou, Yanhua He, Xiang Gao, Hongxiang Zeng, Yunfei Li, Zheng Zhang
Summary: This study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 infection activates a strong innate immune response in lung epithelial cells and uncovers the mechanism by which the virus disrupts the host immune system. Furthermore, it is found that SARS-CoV-2 proteins undergo ubiquitination during infection, and specific ubiquitination sites enhance viral infection. The identification of new antiviral targets is also provided.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Reid Warsaba, Nikolay Stoynov, Kyung-Mee Moon, Stephane Flibotte, Leonard Foster, Eric Jan
Summary: Viral protein genome-linked (VPg) plays an essential role in protein-primed replication of plus-stranded RNA viruses. Some viruses have multiple VPgs, but their roles are not well-defined. This study using cricket paralysis virus as a model reveals a relationship between VPg copy number and IRES translation activity, and uncovers a novel viral strategy where VPg copies in dicistrovirus genomes compensate for differences in IRES translation efficiencies to promote infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Simon Daniel, Zoltan Kis, Cleo Kontoravdi, Nilay Shah
Summary: RNA-based products play a crucial role in global vaccination, infectious disease control, and future therapy development. The assessment of critical quality attributes and product-process interactions can contribute to a robust Quality by Design framework for the development and control of manufacturing processes.
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Melia Bonnamy, Stephane Blanc, Yannis Michalakis
Summary: The replication of plant-infecting single-stranded DNA viruses, Geminiviridae and Nanoviridae, involves rolling-circle replication (RCR) and recombination-dependent replication (RDR) mechanisms. RCR relies on a virus-encoded Replication-associated protein (Rep) and specific sequences called iterons, while RDR is also observed in some double-stranded DNA viruses. This article provides a synthesis of the current understanding of these replication modes and discusses the potential role of gene copy number regulation in viral gene expression.
Article
Cell Biology
Enrico Caragliano, Stefano Bonazza, Giada Frascaroli, Jiajia Tang, Timothy K. Soh, Kay Grunewald, Jens B. Bosse, Wolfram Brune
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus forms replication compartments in the host cell nucleus using liquid-liquid phase separation with specific proteins, ensuring efficient viral genome replication.
Review
Virology
Kavitha Ramaswamy, Mariya Rashid, Selvarajan Ramasamy, Tamilselvan Jayavelu, Sangita Venkataraman
Summary: This review explores the structural differences of RdRPs in RNA binding and polymerization mechanisms, based on recent studies of RdRP complexes with various cofactors, RNA moieties, analogs, and inhibitors.