Article
Immunology
Wei Huang, Mei Li, Guangwei Luo, Xiaojie Wu, Bintao Su, Lan Zhao, Shuang Zhang, Xiaofan Chen, Min Jia, Jianhua Zhu, Wen Su, Dongxin Zhang
Summary: COVID-19 is associated with immune dysregulation and cytokine storm, leading to altered levels of various immune cells and cytokines in the body. Some specific factors could potentially be used as biomarkers for predicting disease severity and progression.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sarah Neves do Nascimento, Jose Luiz Mazzei, Joao Batista de Freitas Tostes, Batista de Freitas Tostes, Marcos Jun Nakamura, Ligia Maria Marino Valente, Raquel Curtinhas de Lima, Priscila Conrado Guerra Nunes, Elzinandes Leal de Azeredo, Luis Angel Berrueta, Blanca Gallo, Antonio Carlos Siani
Summary: Miconia albicans is widely used in Brazil as a remedy for rheumatoid arthritis and to alleviate symptoms caused by Chikungunya virus. This study found that certain components of this plant have inhibitory effects on CHIKV.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Megan O'Driscoll, Henrik Salje, Aileen Y. Chang, Hugh Watson
Summary: This study estimated the average rate of arthralgia resolution and the expected prevalence of arthralgia over time post-CHIKV infection by analyzing 16 cohort studies. These findings provide information to understand the long-term public health burdens associated with CHIKV epidemics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jing Jun Wong, Nichol M. L. Wong, Dorita H. F. Chang, Di Qi, Lin Chen, Tatia M. C. Lee
Summary: A study on patients with major depressive disorder suggests that there is a dysfunctional connection between the amygdala and pons in people with depression, which is related to the severity of depression. Understanding the neural mechanisms of sad mood in depression can aid in mood regulation and treatment.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sule Cilekar, Selvihan Beysel, Savas Karatas, Aydin Balci, Kursad Akaslan, Ali Uncu
Summary: The study found that circulating sTWEAK levels were higher in patients with OSAS compared to those with HSS, with higher levels seen in severe OSAS patients compared to mild to moderate OSAS patients. sTWEAK levels were significantly correlated with AHI values, while showing no association with glucose metabolism and visceral fat ratio. This suggests that increased sTWEAK concentrations are linked to the severity of OSAS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yves Levy, Aurelie Wiedemann, Boris P. Hejblum, Melany Durand, Cecile Lefebvre, Mathieu Surenaud, Christine Lacabaratz, Matthieu Perreau, Emile Foucat, Marie Dechenaud, Pascaline Tisserand, Fabiola Blengio, Benjamin Hivert, Marine Gauthier, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Delphine Bachelet, Cedric Laouenan, Lila Bouadma, Jean-Francois Timsit, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Hakim Hocini, Rodolphe Thiebaut
Summary: A study identified abnormalities in neutrophil activation in severe COVID-19 patients, with CD177 serving as a reliable prognostic marker to distinguish between patients with the worst prognosis leading to death and those who recovered.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Makoto Kawai, Casey Buck, Christina F. Chick, Lauren Anker, Lisa Talbot, Logan Schneider, Omer Linkovski, Isabelle Cotto, Kai Parker-Fong, Jennifer Phillips, Antonio Y. Hardan, Joachim Hallmayer, Ruth O'Hara
Summary: This study investigated the differences in sleep architecture between children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing controls (TD). The results showed that participants with ASD had a higher slow-wave sleep (SWS) ratio and lower rapid eye movement (REM) sleep ratio compared to TD. In addition, increased SWS was associated with more severe core ASD symptoms.
Article
Immunology
Yunus Kuijpers, Xiaojing Chu, Martin Jaeger, Simone J. C. F. M. Moorlag, Valerie A. C. M. Koeken, Bowen Zhang, Aline de Nooijer, Inge Grondman, Manoj Kumar Gupta, Nico Janssen, Vera P. Mourits, L. Charlotte J. de Bree, Quirijn de Mast, Frank L. van de Veerdonk, Leo A. B. Joosten, Yang Li, Mihai G. Netea, Cheng-Jian Xu
Summary: Recent genome-wide association studies have identified genetic loci associated with severe COVID-19. This study explores the physiological significance of these genetic variants using clinical, immunological, and multi-omics data. The findings suggest that genetically determined innate immune responses, defective cytokine production, and ABO blood groups play a role in severe COVID-19 susceptibility. These insights provide potential targets for prevention and therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Annica J. Rasmusson, Maike Gallwitz, Bardia Soltanabadi, Diana M. Ciuculete, Jonas Mengel-From, Kaare Christensen, Marianne Nygaard, Mette Soerensen, Adrian E. Bostrom, Robert Fredriksson, Eva Freyhult, Jessica Mwinyi, Darina Czamara, Elisabeth B. Binder, Helgi B. Schioth, Janet L. Cunningham
Summary: This study found an inverse correlation between depressive symptoms in young Scandinavian adults and the methylation level of TLR4, as well as a correlation with the plasma levels of the inflammatory protein MIP-1 beta.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Ana Pelegrino, Anna Luiza Guimaraes, Walter Sena, Nwabunwanne Emele, Linda Scoriels, Rogerio Panizzutti
Summary: Our findings suggest that changes in LC-NA activity, as measured by task-evoked pupil dilation, are associated with schizophrenia symptoms. Interventions targeting noradrenergic responses may be suitable candidates for reducing schizophrenia symptomatology.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ameya Patwardhan, Atchayaram Nalini, Priyanka Priyadarshini Baishya, Karthik Kulanthaivelu, Haripriya Krishnareddy, Debayan Dutta, Tanushree Chawla, Ravindranadh Mundlamuri Chowdary, Ravi Yadav, Seena Vengalil
Summary: This case report describes a 45-year-old male patient with a rare neurological complication following Chikungunya virus infection, showing unusual MRI findings. The patient showed improvement after treatment with plasmapheresis and steroids, but some symptoms persisted. Early recognition and prompt immunomodulatory treatment may be beneficial in such cases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ada M. Cuevas, Jeanne M. Clark, James J. Potter
Summary: COVID-19, caused by a coronavirus, can have a severe progression in obese patients due to an exacerbated inflammatory response, potentially linked to increased MyD88 and TLR expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kristina Zeljic, Qiong Xiang, Zhiwei Wang, Yingying Pan, Yuequan Shi, Zuofu Zhou, Zheng Wang, Dengtang Liu
Summary: The study suggests that abnormal processing of complex-flow motion in schizophrenia patients may be specifically related to dimensional symptoms, indicating a promising strategy for parsing heterogeneity in the syndrome.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Khin S. A. Myint, Arthur H. P. Mawuntu, Sotianingsih Haryanto, Darma Imran, Sofiati Dian, Yora P. Dewi, Ahmad R. Ganiem, Riane Anggreani, Mirna M. Iskandar, Janno B. B. Bernadus, Kartika Maharani, David Susanto, Riwanti Estiasari, Hasna Dewi, Amanda Kristiani, Lidia Gaghiwu, Edison Johar, Frilasita A. Yudhaputri, Ungke Antonjaya, Jeremy P. Ledermann, Reinout van Crevel, Raph L. Hamers, Ann M. Powers
Summary: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), although rarely considered, can cause neurological manifestations in endemic areas. This study identified four cases of CHIKV-associated neurological disease in Indonesia, highlighting the need to consider CHIKV as a cause of neurologic disease in these regions, especially during outbreaks.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Natalie J. LoMascolo, Yazmin E. Cruz-Pulido, Bryan C. Mounce
Summary: Identifying novel antivirals requires significant time and resource investment, and repurposing clinically used molecules can accelerate the development of antivirals.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Martina Brandolini, Silvia Zannoli, Giulia Gatti, Valentina Arfilli, Monica Cricca, Giorgio Dirani, Agnese Denicolo, Simona Semprini, Laura Grumiro, Manuela Imola, Damiano Larne, Maria Michela Marino, Martina Manera, Andrea Mancini, Francesca Taddei, Manuel Zagarrigo, Carlo Biagetti, Vittorio Sambri
Summary: This study aims to provide further insight into the evolutionary dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 by analyzing a patient with follicular lymphoma who developed a persistent infection for over 7 months. The analysis revealed the evolution of genetically similar subpopulations within the host, indicating that prolonged replication is associated with intra-host virus evolution. These findings support the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 can undergo adaptive evolution in immunocompromised patients.
Review
Oncology
Cecilia Binda, Giulia Gibiino, Monica Sbrancia, Chiara Coluccio, Maria Cazzato, Lorenzo Carloni, Alessandro Cucchetti, Giorgio Ercolani, Vittorio Sambri, Carlo Fabbri
Summary: Pancreatic cancer still has a poor prognosis, despite advancements in diagnosis and surgical management. The gut microbiome is gaining interest in its role in the development and management of pancreatic cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the gut microbiome's role in the history of pancreatic cancer for researchers and clinicians.
Article
Microbiology
Martina Brandolini, Giulia Gatti, Laura Grumiro, Silvia Zannoli, Valentina Arfilli, Monica Cricca, Giorgio Dirani, Agnese Denicolo, Maria Michela Marino, Martina Manera, Andrea Mancini, Francesca Taddei, Simona Semprini, Vittorio Sambri
Summary: The recent emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants resulting from recombination has raised concerns about enhanced infectivity and immune escape. XBB, a recombinant of BA.2.10 and BA.2.75, has rapidly increased in prevalence and showed enhanced immune escape ability compared to ancestral lineage and another co-circulating variant. This study highlights the importance of monitoring immune escape and reformulating vaccines for new and forthcoming variants.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Amanda de la Fuente, Nadia Garcia-Mateo, Jesus F. Bermejo-Martin
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Milo Gatti, Vincent H. Tam, Paolo Gaibani, Pier Giorgio Cojutti, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea
Summary: This study reports the management of eight patients with bloodstream infections using a continuous infusion of ceftazidime-avibactam. The results show that patients with a lower ceftazidime concentration compared to the minimum inhibitory concentration have a higher risk of microbiological failure and development of resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Paolo Gaibani, Nicole Barp, Marco Massari, Emanuele Alberto Negri, Giada Rossini, Caterina Vocale, Chiara Trenti, Altea Gallerani, Samuele Cantergiani, Federico Romani, Mattia Simion, Cristina Mussini, Tiziana Lazzarotto
Summary: USUV is an arthropod-borne flavivirus that emerged in Africa in the 1950s and in Europe in the 1990s, causing a high number of bird deaths. Recently, it has been hypothesized that USUV can also infect humans, although cases are limited and mostly in immunocompromised individuals. This report describes a case of USUV meningoencephalitis in an immunocompromised patient with no history of previous flavivirus infection. The infection progressed rapidly and resulted in fatal outcomes in just a few days after symptoms onset, potentially due to a co-infection with bacteria. This finding suggests that careful attention should be paid to neurological syndromes, especially during summer months, among immunocompromised patients in countries endemic to USUV.
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Stefano Amadesi, Simone Ambretti, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Paolo Gaibani
Summary: Using a hybrid approach that combined Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Illumina platforms, we sequenced and assembled the genome of a Shigella sonnei isolate carrying several small plasmids. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted using the Illumina iSeq 100 and Oxford Nanopore MinION systems, and the resulting reads were used for hybrid genome assembly via Unicycler. Our findings revealed the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes in small cryptic plasmids, which may represent an overlooked mechanism for the propagation of these genes among bacterial populations.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Davide D'Angelo, Eride Quarta, Stefania Glieca, Giada Varacca, Lisa Flammini, Simona Bertoni, Martina Brandolini, Vittorio Sambri, Laura Grumiro, Giulia Gatti, Giorgio Dirani, Francesca Taddei, Annalisa Bianchera, Fabio Sonvico, Ruggero Bettini, Francesca Buttini
Summary: This study developed a dry inhalation powder of cyclosporine-A for lung transplantation rejection prevention and COVID-19 treatment. The impact of excipients on the powder's critical quality attributes was investigated. The optimized powder exhibited faster dissolution, better respirability, and showed efficacy in reducing IL-6 and inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for lung rejection prevention and COVID-19 treatment.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marta Palombo, Federica Bovo, Stefano Amadesi, Paolo Gaibani
Summary: Limited treatment options contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, and new therapeutic agents are needed for the treatment of certain pathogens. The combination of antibiotics is an effective strategy to combat multidrug-resistant infections.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Federica Bovo, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Simone Ambretti, Paolo Gaibani
Summary: The aim of this study was to compare the BMD method with the DD test and strip test in assessing the antimicrobial activity of CFD against KPC-Kp strains. The CA between the BMD method and DD test was 92%, while the CA between the BMD method and strip test was 90.7%. KPC-Kp strains showing resistance to CFD were 36% by three methods. The DD test was found to be a valid alternative to the BMD method, while the strip test exhibited major limitations.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jesus F. Bermejo-Martin, Nadia Garcia-Mateo, Anna Motos, Salvador Resino, Luis Tamayo, Pablo Ryan Murua, Elena Bustamante-Munguira, Elena Gallego Curto, Alejandro Ubeda-Iglesias, Maria del Carmen de la Torre, Angel Estella, Sandra Campos-Fernandez, Ignacio Martinez Varela, Felipe Perez-Garcia, Lorenzo Socias, Juan Lopez Messa, Pablo Vidal-Cortes, Victor Sagredo Meneses, Milagros Gonzalez-Rivera, Nieves Carbonell, David de Gonzalo-Calvo, Maria Cruz Martin Delgado, Luis Jorge Valdivia, Caridad Martin-Lopez, Ruth Noemi Jorge Garcia, Emilio Maseda, Ana Loza-Vazquez, David J. Kelvin, Ferran Barbe, Antoni Torres, CIBERES UCI COVID Grp
Summary: This study evaluates the association between viral RNA load in plasma and host response, complications, and deaths in critically ill patients with COVID-19. The presence of a so-called viral storm is associated with increased all-cause death in patients admitted to the intensive care unit with severe COVID-19.
Article
Microbiology
Milo Gatti, Matteo Rinaldi, Cecilia Bonazzetti, Paolo Gaibani, Maddalena Giannella, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between joint pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target attainment of continuous infusion ceftazidime-avibactam and the microbiological outcome of difficult-to-treat resistant Gram-negative infections. The study found that optimized joint PK/PD target attainment could be a way to eradicate these infections and render combination therapy unnecessary.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Milo Gatti, Matteo Rinaldi, Tommaso Tonetti, Paolo Gaibani, Antonio Siniscalchi, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of cefiderocol administered by continuous infusion in critically ill patients. The results showed that continuous infusion could achieve therapeutic targets for severe Acinetobacter baumannii infections, especially in patients undergoing high-intensity continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration and with residual diuresis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Giulia Gatti, Martina Brandolini, Andrea Mancini, Francesca Taddei, Silvia Zannoli, Giorgio Dirani, Martina Manera, Valentina Arfilli, Agnese Denicolo, Anna Marzucco, Maria Sofia Montanari, Irene Zaghi, Massimiliano Guerra, Rita Tennina, Maria Michela Marino, Laura Grumiro, Monica Cricca, Vittorio Sambri
Summary: Since the first SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, mutations have changed the viral genome sequence, structure, and protein folding, leading to the onset of new variants. These alterations challenge both the clinical field and diagnostic demand due to detection failures and incomplete PCR results. Analyzing understudied genes such as N and investigating regions prone to mutation through WG-NGS can help identify new or reacquired mutations for designing robust primers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonella Marangoni, Stefano Amadesi, Marielle Ezekielle Djusse, Claudio Foschi, Valeria Gaspari, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Paolo Gaibani
Summary: Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a systemic sexually transmitted infection mainly spreading within men who have sex with men (MSM). In this study, the whole genome of a C. trachomatis strain (LGV/17) responsible for a rectal LGV case was described. The LGV/17 strain showed a genomic structure similar to reference sequences and was closely related to other L2f strains, indicative of the long-distance dynamics of transmission.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)