Article
Microbiology
Nnamdi Ikeogu, Folayemi Olayinka-Adefemi, Chidalu Edechi, Chukwunonso Onyilagha, Ping Jia, Aaron Marshall, Julius Ode, Jude Uzonna
Summary: In this study, the trypanocidal efficacy of Crosspteryx fibrifuga leaf extract (C.f/L-extract) was evaluated. The extract showed a significant decrease in parasite number and an increase in apoptotic markers expression. It was not cytotoxic to murine whole splenocytes and exhibited immune regulatory effects. Treatment of infected mice with the extract led to a decrease in parasite numbers and an increase in mouse survival. The extract also affected the distribution of immune cells and the activity of superoxide dismutase.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Ayechew Yetayeh Emiru, Eyasu Makonnen, Fikru Regassa, Fekadu Regassa, Takele Beyene Tufa
Summary: The study found that the crude extracts of leaves of Cymbopogon citratus and seeds of Lepidium sativum have antitrypanosomal effects, reducing parasitemia level and improving bodyweight in treated mice. Among all tested parameters, the best activities were observed in Cymbopogon citratus treated groups of mice.
BMC COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE AND THERAPIES
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Victoria L. Savage, Robert Christley, Gina Pinchbeck, Liam J. Morrison, Jane Hodgkinson, Laura E. Peachey
Summary: Trypanosomosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in working equids in The Gambia, with a progressive severe neurological syndrome associated with Trypanosoma brucei infection. Co-infection with T. brucei and T. congolense was identified as a major risk factor for the development of neurological trypanosomosis, with a high mortality rate in affected animals. Further research is needed to understand the epidemiology of co-infection in equidae of The Gambia to better prevent cerebral trypanosomosis.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Animikha Chakraborty, Aswini Viswanath, Renuka Malipatil, Janani Semalaiyappan, Priya Shah, Swarna Ronanki, Abhishek Rathore, Sumer Pal Singh, Mahalingam Govindaraj, Vilas A. Tonapi, Nepolean Thirunavukkarasu
Summary: Functional genomics approaches were used to study the drought response mechanisms of pearl millet at the flowering stage. A set of drought-responsive genes were identified and categorized, and their conserved motifs were analyzed. Comparative analysis showed the similarity between pearl millet and foxtail millet, and several major hub genes were identified. Common and unique drought-responsive genes were found across different maturity groups, with ABA signaling, TFs, and signaling proteins identified as potential contributors to drought tolerance. These functionally validated genes can be utilized in breeding and selection programs to increase yield in drought-prone areas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Himabindu Kudapa, Rutwik Barmukh, Vanika Garg, Annapurna Chitikineni, Srinivasan Samineni, Gaurav Agarwal, Rajeev K. K. Varshney
Summary: In this study, the transcriptome dynamics of six contrasting heat stress responsive chickpea genotypes were investigated using an RNA-seq approach. A total of 14,544 differentially expressed genes were identified, mainly involved in metabolic processes, cell wall remodeling, calcium signaling, and photosynthesis. Pathway analysis revealed the enrichment of metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and plant hormone signal transduction under heat stress conditions. Candidate genes underlying heat tolerance component traits were also identified. This study provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms of heat stress response in chickpea and facilitates the development of climate-resilient chickpea varieties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alessandra Romero-Ramirez, Aitor Casas-Sanchez, Delphine Autheman, Craig W. Duffy, Cordelia Brandt, Simon Clare, Katherine Harcourt, Marcos Rogerio Andre, Kayo Jose Garcia de Almeida Castilho Neto, Marta M. G. Teixeira, Rosangela Zacharias Machado, Janine Coombes, Robin J. Flynn, Gavin J. Wright, Andrew P. Jackson
Summary: The study examines the immune responses to unique parasite antigens in hosts infected with Trypanosoma vivax and identifies potential vaccine candidates. A gene family called Vivaxin is found to encode transmembrane glycoproteins that elicit a consistent antibody response. Vaccination with a particular antigen, VIV beta 8, delays parasite proliferation but does not prevent disease. Vivaxin, besides being a source of vaccine antigens, is important for host-parasite interactions.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nick Van Reet, Pati Patient Pyana, Sara Dehou, Nicolas Bebronne, Stijn Deborggraeve, Philippe Buscher
Summary: The TBR sequence in Trypanosoma brucei is not as homogenous as previously believed, with various sequences of different lengths and key single nucleotide polymorphisms. The qTBR PCR developed in this study enhances amplification and genotyping of all Trypanozoon strains, making it a promising tool for prevalence studies of African trypanosomiasis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zilu Wen, Liwei Wu, Lin Wang, Qinfang Ou, Hui Ma, Qihang Wu, Shulin Zhang, Yanzheng Song
Summary: This study utilized data from the GEO database to analyze and screen potential biomarkers for diagnosing tuberculosis. Through various analyses, four genes (CCL19, C1Qb, CCL5, and HLA-DMB) were identified and validated as potential biomarkers. CCL5 and CCL19 showed promising diagnostic abilities for distinguishing between healthy individuals and those with tuberculosis.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fangying Liu, Hao Chen, Liu Yang, Liang You, Jianye Ju, Shujie Yang, Xiaolin Wang, Zhongsong Liu
Summary: In this study, a mapping population was constructed to identify QTL loci for seed color in rapeseed. Two QTL loci were identified, one major QTL on chromosome A09 and one minor QTL on chromosome C03. Differential expression analysis and coexpression network analysis identified candidate genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. This study provides a foundation for further understanding the genetic basis and regulatory mechanism of yellow seed formation in Brassica napus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jurong Song, Bao Li, Yanke Cui, Chenjian Zhuo, Yuanguo Gu, Kaining Hu, Jing Wen, Bin Yi, Jinxiong Shen, Chaozhi Ma, Tingdong Fu, Jinxing Tu
Summary: By using a DH rapeseed population, five consensus QTLs, including two major ones, related to flowering time were identified. Through RNA-seq and DEG analysis, four candidate genes associated with flowering time were discovered, laying a foundation for genetic regulation of rapeseed flowering time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Willian Giordani, Henrique Castro Gama, Alisson Fernando Chiorato, Joao Paulo Rodrigues Marques, Heqiang Huo, Luciana Lasry Benchimol-Reis, Luis Eduardo Aranha Camargo, Antonio Augusto Franco Garcia, Maria Lucia Carneiro Vieira
Summary: Root-knot nematodes, especially Meloidogyne incognita, are highly damaging agricultural pathogens infecting the roots of almost all crops. Identifying resistance genes for common bean is challenging, but genome-wide association studies and quantitative trait loci mapping can help discover candidate genes for resistance to RKN. This study revealed complex genetic architecture and identified potential target genes for functional investigation and gene editing approaches.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zigang Liu, Xiaoyun Dong, Guoqiang Zheng, Chunmei Xu, Jiaping Wei, Junmei Cui, Xiaodong Cao, Hui Li, Xinlin Fang, Ying Wang, Haiyan Tian
Summary: Flowering time is crucial for the yield and adaptation of oilseed rape. This study investigated the genetic and molecular regulation of flowering time in oilseed rape using RNA-seq analysis and QTL mapping. The results identified two QTLs associated with flowering time and revealed six candidate genes involved in the regulation of flowering time.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cristina Russo, Giovanna Morello, Roberta Malaguarnera, Salvatore Piro, Debora Lo Furno, Lucia Malaguarnera
Summary: Research revealed sex differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection, using bioinformatics to explore potential genetic targets associated with the infection. The study focused on immune pathways, cell responses, hormone biosynthesis, etc., to assess the impact of these differences on infection likelihood and symptom severity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raymond E. Mdachi, Kennedy O. Ogolla, Joanna E. Auma, Florence N. Wamwiri, Richard K. Kurgat, Kennedy B. Wanjala, Lawrence G. Mugunieri, Phylis M. Alusi, Judith K. Chemuliti, Phoebe W. Mukiria, Sylvance O. Okoth
Summary: This study evaluated the sensitivity of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates collected from two counties in Kenya. Drug resistance was found in all study sites with infected camels. Camel management practices were found to influence the prevalence and degree of drug resistance.
Article
Cell Biology
Sara Lado, Jan Futas, Martin Plasil, Tom Loney, Pia Weidinger, Jeremy V. Camp, Jolanta Kolodziejek, Dafalla O. Kannan, Petr Horin, Norbert Nowotny, Pamela A. Burger
Summary: Dromedaries, important livestock, can act as a vector for transmitting zoonotic viruses such as MERS-CoV and CCHFV to humans. A recent study in the UAE found that CCHFV is endemic in dromedaries and camel ticks. The study identified two candidate immune genes, FCAR and CLEC2B, which play important roles in host defense against viral infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gurdeep Singh, Andrew Brass, Sheena M. Cruickshank, Christopher G. Knight
Summary: Findings from a mouse gut microbiome experiment show that host social groups, age, and niche significantly impact the microbial community structure. This study suggests the importance of considering environmental factors in microbiome research to understand how gut microbial communities are affected by various ecological and experimental factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Stephen Meek, Tom Watson, Lel Eory, Gus McFarlane, Felicity J. Wynne, Stephen McCleary, Laura E. M. Dunn, Emily M. Charlton, Chloe Craig, Barbara Shih, Tim Regan, Ryan Taylor, Linda Sutherland, Anton Gossner, Cosmin Chintoan-Uta, Sarah Fletcher, Philippa M. Beard, Musa A. Hassan, Finn Grey, Jayne C. Hope, Mark P. Stevens, Monika Nowak-Imialek, Heiner Niemann, Pablo J. Ross, Christine Tait-Burkard, Sarah M. Brown, Lucas Lefevre, Gerard Thomson, Barry W. McColl, Alistair B. Lawrence, Alan L. Archibald, Falko Steinbach, Helen R. Crooke, Xuefei Gao, Pentao Liu, Tom Burdon
Summary: This study investigates the potential of porcine pluripotent stem cells to provide a limitless source of macrophages, demonstrating their molecular and functional characteristics, as well as their susceptibility to infection by pig pathogens. The study also shows the successful application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in these cells, presenting new opportunities for researching host-pathogen interactions in pigs.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harris A. Lewin, Stephen Richards, Erez Lieberman Aiden, Miguel L. Allende, John M. Archibald, Miklos Balint, Katharine B. Barker, Bridget Baumgartner, Katherine Belov, Giorgio Bertorelle, Mark L. Blaxter, Jing Cai, Nicolette D. Caperello, Keith Carlson, Juan Carlos Castilla-Rubio, Shu-Miaw Chaw, Lei Chen, Anna K. Childers, Jonathan A. Coddington, Dalia A. Conde, Montserrat Corominas, Keith A. Crandall, Andrew J. Crawford, Federica DiPalma, Richard Durbin, ThankGod E. Ebenezer, Scott V. Edwards, Olivier Fedrigo, Paul Flicek, Giulio Formenti, Richard A. Gibbs, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Melissa M. Goldstein, Jennifer Marshall Graves, Henry T. Greely, Igor V. Grigoriev, Kevin J. Hackett, Neil Hall, David Haussler, Kristofer M. Helgen, Carolyn J. Hogg, Sachiko Isobe, Kjetill Sigurd Jakobsen, Axel Janke, Erich D. Jarvis, Warren E. Johnson, Steven J. M. Jones, Elinor K. Karlsson, Paul J. Kersey, Jin-Hyoung Kim, W. John Kress, Shigehiro Kuraku, Mara K. N. Lawniczak, James H. Leebens-Mack, Xueyan Li, Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, Xin Liu, Jose V. Lopez, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Sophie Mazard, Jonna A. K. Mazet, Camila J. Mazzoni, Eugene W. Myers, Rachel J. O'Neill, Sadye Paez, Hyun Park, Gene E. Robinson, Cristina Roquet, Oliver A. Ryder, Jamal S. M. Sabir, H. Bradley Shaffer, Timothy M. Shank, Jacob S. Sherkow, Pamela S. Soltis, Boping Tang, Leho Tedersoo, Marcela Uliano-Silva, Kun Wang, Xiaofeng Wei, Regina Wetzer, Julia L. Wilson, Xun Xu, Huanming Yang, Anne D. Yoder, Guojie Zhang
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mara K. N. Lawniczak, Richard Durbin, Paul Flicek, Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, Xiaofeng Wei, John M. Archibald, William J. Baker, Katherine Belov, Mark L. Blaxter, Tomas Marques Bonet, Anna K. Childers, Jonathan A. Coddington, Keith A. Crandall, Andrew J. Crawford, Robert P. Davey, Federica Di Palma, Qi Fang, Wilfried Haerty, Neil Hall, Katharina J. Hoff, Kerstin Howe, Erich D. Jarvis, Warren E. Johnson, Rebecca N. Johnson, Paul J. Kersey, Xin Liu, Jose Victor Lopez, Eugene W. Myers, Olga Vinnere Pettersson, Adam M. Phillippy, Monica F. Poelchau, Kim D. Pruitt, Arang Rhie, Juan Carlos Castilla-Rubio, Sunil Kumar Sahu, Nicholas A. Salmon, Pamela S. Soltis, David Swarbreck, Francoise Thibaud-Nissen, Sibo Wang, Jill L. Wegrzyn, Guojie Zhang, He Zhang, Harris A. Lewin, Stephen Richards
Summary: The Earth BioGenome Project (EBP) is a global international initiative that requires agreement and coordination on standards. To ensure rapid progress towards its goals, EBP has established five technical standards committees and made the current versions of the standards documents available on its website.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark Blaxter, John M. Archibald, Anna K. Childers, Jonathan A. Coddington, Keith A. Crandall, Federica Di Palma, Richard Durbin, Scott V. Edwards, Jennifer A. M. Graves, Kevin J. Hackett, Neil Hall, Erich D. Jarvis, Rebecca N. Johnson, Elinor K. Karlsson, W. John Kress, Shigehiro Kuraku, Mara K. N. Lawniczak, Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, Jose V. Lopez, Nancy A. Moran, Gene E. Robinson, Oliver A. Ryder, Beth Shapiro, Pamela S. Soltis, Tandy Warnow, Guojie Zhang, Harris A. Lewin
Summary: Life on Earth has evolved from simplicity to complexity, with bacteria and archaea excelling in metabolic diversification and eukaryotes displaying morphological innovation. The Earth BioGenome Project proposes sequencing the genomes of all known eukaryotic species to create a digital library of life, which will help address evolutionary and ecological questions and provide insights into speciation, adaptation, and organismal dependencies within ecosystems.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Hamish A. Salvesen, Fiona A. Sargison, Alan L. Archibald, Tahar Ait-Ali
Summary: Research suggests that Lawsonia intracellularis disrupts host autophagy response in the ileum, potentially aiding in bacterial propagation and pathogenesis by disturbing the normal intestinal homeostasis.
VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mazdak Salavati, Shernae A. Woolley, Yennifer Cortes Araya, Michelle M. Halstead, Claire Stenhouse, Martin Johnsson, Cheryl J. Ashworth, Alan L. Archibald, Francesc X. Donadeu, Musa A. Hassan, Emily L. Clark
Summary: This research identified regulatory sequences in the pig genome through Omni-ATAC-Seq analysis of semitendinosus muscle from 24 male piglets. Over 50% of the open chromatin regions were found near known transcription start sites. Differential analysis revealed genomic regions with significantly different chromatin accessibility across developmental time points.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Rebecca J. Bengtsson, Adam J. Simpkin, Caisey V. Pulford, Ross Low, David A. Rasko, Daniel J. Rigden, Neil Hall, Eileen M. Barry, Sharon M. Tennant, Kate S. Baker
Summary: This study conducted genomic analyses of Shigella isolates from seven low- and middle-income countries, revealing the significant role of Shigella genomic diversity in vaccination design and resistance evolution against current antibiotic treatments. The findings underscore the importance of integrating genomic diversity into vaccine and treatment plans for Shigella and provide a framework for guiding vaccine development and control strategies for other relevant pathogens.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Videha Sharma, Iliada Eleftheriou, Sabine N. van der Veer, Andrew Brass, Titus Augustine, John Ainsworth, Videha Sharma
Summary: This study applied data journey modeling to understand the interoperability, data access, and workflow requirements of a regional multicenter kidney transplant service. The findings showed that human actors were the central focus of data movement, and the current IT landscape did not effectively support the workflow, resulting in administrative burden and delays.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mareike C. Janiak, Felipe E. Silva, Robin M. D. Beck, Dorien de Vries, Lukas F. K. Kuderna, Nicole S. Torosin, Amanda D. Melin, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Ian B. Goodhead, Mariluce Messias, Maria N. F. da Silva, Iracilda Sampaio, Izeni P. Farias, Rogerio Rossi, Fabiano R. de Melo, Joao Valsecchi, Tomas Hrbek, Jean P. Boubli
Summary: Mitochondrial DNA is an important tool in molecular ecology, particularly for species that are difficult to sample. In this study, we assembled 205 new mitochondrial genomes for platyrrhine primates and used them to evaluate the riverine barrier hypothesis. Our results suggest that the effects of riverine barriers vary among different clades and that other evolutionary mechanisms may have played a role in the diversification of platyrrhines.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anthony Wilson, Haroon Saeed, Catherine Pringle, Iliada Eleftheriou, Paul A. Bromiley, Andy Brass
Summary: The article discusses the challenges of digital transformation and artificial intelligence in healthcare, highlighting the difficulties of implementing AI projects in clinical settings. It reflects on the experiences of UK healthcare professionals and academics in building AI solutions and provides ten practical tips for success.
BMJ HEALTH & CARE INFORMATICS
(2021)