Article
Infectious Diseases
Meng-Rui Lee, Yen-Lin Chen, Chang-Wei Wu, Lun-Che Chen, Lih-Yu Chang, Jung-Yueh Chen, Yu-Tsung Huang, Jann-Yuan Wang, Jin-Yuan Shih, Chong-Jen Yu
Summary: This study found that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP8) were associated with the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection and disease. Haplotypes and a polygenic risk score (PRS) could be used to predict TB disease status.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Roberto Zegarra-Chaponan, Lily Victoria Bonadonna, Courtney M. Yuen, Martha Brigida Martina-Chavez, Jhon Zeladita-Huaman
Summary: There are significant gaps in IPT implementation in health centers in southern Lima, Peru, but insufficient staffing of health centers may not be the only reason. Further research is needed to identify how IPT implementation can be improved, potentially through improving staff training or monitoring and supervision.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arturo Orlacchio, Pellegrino Mazzone
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a lethal form of cancer characterized by its aggressiveness and metastatic potential. Toll-like receptors play a pivotal role in inflammation and immune response, and can be potential targets for cancer therapy. Studies have shown that TLRs play an important role in the progression of pancreatic cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Xiaonan Guo, Jinbiao Lu, Junli Li, Weixin Du, Xiaobing Shen, Cheng Su, Yongge Wu, Aihua Zhao, Miao Xu
Summary: A latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major source of active tuberculosis, and vaccines as an adjunct to chemotherapy can protect populations with an LTBI. In this study, a novel subunit vaccine, AEC/BC02, showed a promising protective effect in a guinea pig latent infection model.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ling Wei, Xue-Sen Wen, Cory J. Xian
Summary: Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis is a painful condition that affects a significant number of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Recent research has highlighted the relationship between dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and mucositis, showing that chemotherapy can shape the microbiota and worsen mucositis through TLR signaling pathways. This review aims to explore how gut microbiota affects the pathogenesis of mucositis and provide potential new strategies for treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shouquan Wu, Xiaojuan Ding, Qianlan Yang, Minggui Wang, Jian-Qing He
Summary: Our study suggests that KEAP1 polymorphisms are significantly associated with susceptibility to latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) subjects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jun Ying, Haiyang Zhou, Zhiguo Wang, Qing You, Junnan Chen, Hao Lu, Jian Zhang
Summary: Background: Chemotherapy resistance is a major obstacle to the efficacy of chemotherapy in colon cancer. Therefore, improving the chemotherapy sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells is crucial for enhancing the prognosis of colon cancer patients. Methods: Cell viability of colorectal cancer cell lines was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in colorectal cancer cell lines was investigated through real-time PCR and western blot. The role of TLR4 in the stemness of colorectal cancer cell lines was analyzed by infecting cells with lentivirus containing TLR4 siRNA. Results: Aspirin was found to effectively enhance chemosensitivity and inhibit the stemness of CT26 and HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines. Aspirin inhibited clone formation, reduced the volume and number of cell spheres, and down-regulated stemness-related genes. Moreover, aspirin also down-regulated TLR4 expression in colorectal cancer cells. TLR4 positive colorectal cancer cells demonstrated higher chemotherapy resistance potential and stronger stemness compared to TLR4 negative colorectal cancer cells. Conclusion: Our study indicates that aspirin increases chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells and inhibits the expression of toll-like receptor 4.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Bilal Ahmad Wani, Faheem Shehjar, Sonaullah Shah, Ajaz Koul, Adfar Yusuf, Muzamil Farooq, Mohmad Iqbal Mir, Rajni Singh, Dil Afroze
Summary: Based on the analysis of gene polymorphisms in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients of the ethnic Kashmiri population, TLR-4 (Thr/Ile) and TLR-2 (Del/Del) were identified as significant risk factors for extrapulmonary tuberculosis predisposition.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nancy J. Hilda, Lucia K. Precilla, Anbalagan Selvaraj, Saravanan Chinnaraj, Hanna Luke Elizabeth
Summary: The study investigated the role of neutrophils in building up immunity against tuberculosis during therapy. It found that TLR2 expression on neutrophils increased throughout the treatment, but not TLR4. Additionally, the chemokines IL-8 and MIP1 alpha showed a fluctuating pattern during therapy. The increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by neutrophils at the end of therapy, though unexpected, contributes to a better understanding of their function in tuberculosis disease.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Suprabhat Mukherjee, Ritwik Patra, Payam Behzadi, Andrea Masotti, Alessandro Paolini, Meysam Sarshar
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in the immune responses by recognizing pathogen-expressed molecules and molecules released from damaged cells. They are considered promising targets for the treatment of inflammation-associated diseases, autoimmune diseases, microbial infections, and cancer. Various TLR-targeting compounds and antibodies have shown efficacy in protecting against different types of cancers. However, improper dosing or administration may lead to detrimental outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruifeng Chen, Xuan Wang, Zilin Li, Yumei Dai, Wenya Du, Lixian Wu
Summary: Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is important in tuberculosis development. However, the association between TLR2 polymorphisms and tuberculosis susceptibility has not been explored. This study systematically searched relevant databases and included 37 studies, involving 6 polymorphisms and a total of 9,474 cases and 10,295 controls. The results showed that only the TLR2 rs5743708 polymorphism was significantly associated with a higher tuberculosis risk, while other TLR2 polymorphisms were not associated with tuberculosis susceptibility.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oscar Murillo, Josimar Dornelas Moreira, Weshely Kujur, Karen Velasco-Alzate, Sumit Sen Santara, Nagarjun V. Konduru, Sachin Mulik
Summary: The CD226 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the functionality of mlNK cells in individuals with latent TB infection. Inhibition of CD226 signaling reduces proliferation and effector function of mlNK cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ling Ji, Siyuan Hao, Jiantao Wang, Jing Zou, Yan Wang
Summary: Radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (RIOM/CIOM) is a common complication in cancer patients. TLRs have a significant role in RIOM/CIOM and may serve as a novel mechanism for therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Emily J. Strong, Jia Wang, Tony W. Ng, Steven A. Porcelli, Sunhee Lee
Summary: Tuberculosis is a significant global infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the lungs. The PPE51 protein of Mtb inhibits autophagy by suppressing TLR2 signaling, allowing the bacteria to evade immune responses.
Article
Oncology
Aikeremujiang Muheremu, Junyao Jiang, Maihemuti Yakufu, Abudunaibi Aili, Lei Li, Zhaohui Luo
Summary: The study evaluated the susceptibility of pulmonary tuberculosis based on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene. The analysis found that the C allele of rs10759932 increased the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis, while rs4986790, rs4986791, and rs11536889 were not significantly correlated with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Saravanan Munisankar, Yukthi Bhootra, Chandrakumar Dolla, Kannan Thiruvengadam, Thomas B. Nutman, Subash Babu
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Saravanan Munisankar, Chandrakumar Dolla, Pradeep A. Menon, Thomas B. Nutman, Subash Babu
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Saravanan Munisankar, Chandrakumar Dolla, Pradeep A. Menon, Kannan Thiruvengadam, Thomas B. Nutman, Subash Babu
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Saravanan Munisankar, Chandra Kumar Dolla, Subash Babu
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Saravanan Munisankar, Pradeep A. Menon, Chandrakumar Dolla, Thomas B. Nutman, Subash Babu
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Saravanan Munisankar, Kannan Thiruvengadam, Pradeep A. Menon, Chandrakumar Dolla, Thomas B. Nutman, Subash Babu
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Saravanan Munisankar, Pradeep A. Menon, Thomas B. Nutman, Subash Babu
Summary: This study found that individuals infected with Strongyloides stercoralis (Ss) exhibited significantly decreased levels of vascular endothelial growth factors and RAGE ligands. However, following anthelmintic therapy, these levels increased, suggesting that Ss infection may play a beneficial role in limiting or delaying T2DM-related vascular complications.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nathella Pavan Kumar, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini, Anuradha Rajamanickam, Perumal Kannabiran Bhavani, Arul Nancy, Bharathi Jeyadeepa, Nandhini Selvaraj, Dinesh Ashokan, Rachel Mariam Renji, Vijayalakshmi Venkataramani, Srikanth Tripathy, Subash Babu
Summary: BCG vaccination in elderly individuals enhances DC subsets and increases levels of specific interferons, suggesting its ability to induce non-specific innate immune responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Nathella Pavan Kumar, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini, Arul Nancy, Nandhini Selvaraj, Kushiyasri Karunanithi, Saravanan Munisankar, Shrinivasa Bm, Rachel Mariam Renji, T. C. Ambu, Vijayalakshmi Venkataramani, Subash Babu
Summary: Individuals with LTBI who are seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit heightened levels of humoral, cytokine, and acute phase responses compared to LTBI-negative individuals. LTBI is associated with modulation of antibody and cytokine responses as well as systemic inflammation in individuals seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathella Pavan Kumar, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini, Anuradha Rajamanickam, Shrinivasa B. Marinaik, Arul Nancy, Srinivasan Padmanaban, Nabila Akbar, Manoj Murhekar, Subash Babu
Summary: The study found that BCG vaccination reduced levels of various cytokines and chemokines in healthy elderly individuals, leading to decreased inflammation. This suggests the potential utility of BCG vaccination in modulating inflammatory responses and its application in COVID-19.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Nathella Pavan Kumar, P. Arul Nancy, Nandhini Selvaraj, Saravanan Munisankar, Rachel Mariam Renji, V. Vijayalakshmi, Manoj Murhekar, Jeromie Wesley Vivian Thangaraj, Muthusamy Santhosh Kumar, C. P. Girish Kumar, Tarun Bhatnagar, Manickam Ponnaiah, R. Sabarinathan, V. Saravana Kumar, Subash Babu
Summary: The study revealed that antibody levels and B-cell subset frequencies undergo dynamic changes in individuals with COVID-19, with a plateau observed after 61-90 days post-infection. Patients with severe COVID-19 showed different B-cell subset profiles compared to those with mild COVID-19, suggesting potential differences in immune response and persistence of humoral immunity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Nathella Pavan Kumar, Arul Nancy Pandiarajan, Nandhini Selvaraj, Saravanan Munisankar, Rachel Mariam Renji, Vijayalakshmi Venkatramani, Manoj Murhekar, Jeromie W. Thangaraj, Muthusamy Santhosh Kumar, C. P. Girish Kumar, Tarun Bhatnagar, Manickam Ponnaiah, R. Sabarinathan, V Saravanakumar, Subash Babu
Summary: The study showed dynamic alterations in monocyte counts, subset frequencies, and activation status in acute and convalescent COVID-19 individuals. Patients with severe disease exhibited higher levels of monocyte counts, classical monocyte frequencies, and plasma markers compared to those with mild disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Nathella Pavan Kumar, Arul Nancy Pandiaraj, Nandhini Selvaraj, Saravanan Munisankar, Rachel Mariam Renji, Vijayalakshmi Venkataramani, Manoj Murhekar, Jeromie Wesley Vivian Thangaraj, Santhosh Kumar Muthusamy, Girish Kumar Chethrapilly Purushothaman, Tarun Bhatnagar, Manickam Ponnaiah, Sabarinathan Ramasamy, Saravanakumar Velusamy, Subash Babu
Summary: This study investigated the composition of T cell subsets in convalescent individuals of SARS-CoV2 infection and found alterations in lymphocyte counts, memory T cell subset frequencies, and common gamma-chain cytokines during the recovery process.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathella Pavan Kumar, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini, Anuradha Rajamanickam, Perumal Kannabiran Bhavani, Arul Nancy, Bharathi Jayadeepa, Nandhini Selvaraj, Dinesh Asokan, Rachel Mariam Renji, Vijayalakshmi Venkataramani, Srikanth Tripathy, Subash Babu
Summary: The study found that BCG vaccination in elderly individuals increased the frequencies of central and effector memory CD4+ T cells while reducing the frequencies of naive CD4+ T cells. Additionally, BCG vaccination also led to alterations in CD8+ T cell frequencies and levels of different gamma c cytokines.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Saravanan Munisankar, Chandra Kumar Dolla, Kannan Thiruvengadam, Subash Babu
BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
(2020)
