Article
Biology
Francisca Bertin, Jorge Jara-Wilde, Benedikt Auer, Andres Koehler-Solis, Carolina Gonzalez-Silva, Ulrich Thomas, Jimena Sierralta
Summary: This study reveals that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and endosomes play a role in transporting proteins and lipids in motor neurons. In Drosophila, mutations in a protein called Atlastin (Atl) leads to synaptic defects, affecting the abundance and distribution of synaptic vesicles. Contrary to previous belief, the BMP signaling pathway is not involved in this process. The findings suggest that Atl modulates neurotransmitter release by altering the distribution of synaptic vesicles.
BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Giselle Cheung, Oana Chever, Astrid Rollenhagen, Nicole Quenech'du, Pascal Ezan, Joachim H. R. Luebke, Nathalie Rouach
Summary: A study found that Connexin 43 (Cx43) is enriched in astroglial processes and plays a crucial role in synaptic transmission. It was discovered that Cx43 controls synaptic glutamate levels and allows for activity-dependent glutamine release to sustain normal synaptic transmission and cognition. However, its importance in synaptic vesicle release remains unanswered.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abhijith Radhakrishnan, Xia Li, Kirill Grushin, Shyam S. Krishnakumar, Jun Liu, James E. Rothman
Summary: The controlled release of neurotransmitters stored in synaptic vesicles is essential for information processing in the brain, relying on the fusion of vesicles with presynaptic Ca2+ influx. Through cryoelectron tomography analysis, it was found that vesicles are initially tethered to the plasma membrane by protein densities under native conditions. During the process of priming for release, a highly cooperative framework is formed between the primed vesicles and the membrane, facilitating rapid neurotransmitter release following Ca2+ influx.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Sofiia Reshetniak, Silvio O. Rizzoli
Summary: The synaptic vesicle cluster is not only a storage space for synaptic vesicles, but also potentially regulates protein distribution, cytoskeleton architecture, selective removal of synaptic components, and presynaptic responses to plasticity. It serves as a key organizer of synaptic composition and dynamics.
CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yong Liu, You Wang, Juan Yang, Tao Xu, Changhong Tan, Peng Zhang, Qiankun Liu, Yangmei Chen
Summary: The study identified that GIPC1 is downregulated in patients with epilepsy and mice with induced epilepsy, and it interacts with mGluR7 to regulate epileptogenesis by increasing mGluR7 expression.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhong-Jiao Jiang, Liang-Wei Gong
Summary: The SphK1/S1P axis plays a critical role in synaptic vesicle endocytosis by regulating the Ca2+ permeable TRPC5 channels. This highlights its importance in normal brain functions and potential implications in neurologic diseases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilia Lekholm, Mikaela M. Ceder, Erica C. Forsberg, Helgi B. Schioth, Robert Fredriksson
Summary: The study investigated gene expression of SV2A, SV2B and SV2C in two human neuroblastoma cell lines after differentiation, showing that different treatments affect different SV2 isoforms. Synergistic expression patterns between SV2B and CHAT, as well as SV2C and DAT, were observed, providing insights into the regulation of SV2 in neuronal cells.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabine Wittig, Marcelo Ganzella, Marie Barth, Susann Kostmann, Dietmar Riedel, Angel Perez-Lara, Reinhard Jahn, Carla Schmidt
Summary: The protein interactions within synaptic vesicles are complex and can be categorized into specific modules or interactions caused by 'crowding'. Understanding these interactions provides insights into the composition and function of synaptic vesicles.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Emma T. Watson, Michaela M. Pauers, Michael J. Seibert, Jason D. Vevea, Edwin R. Chapman
Summary: In this study, the egress of two transmembrane synaptic vesicle proteins, synaptotagmin 1 and synaptobrevin 2, from the soma of mature rat and mouse neurons was investigated using the RUSH system and HaloTag labeling approaches. The proteins were found to selectively enter axons with minimal entry into dendrites, contradicting the selective retention model. However, overexpression led to the spillover of proteins into dendrites, revealing the limited nature of the direct axonal trafficking pathway. Additionally, it was observed that synaptic vesicle constituents were first delivered to the presynaptic plasma membrane before being incorporated into vesicles.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Yang, Yue Niu, Tao Chen, Hongkai Zhang, Jingxia Zhang, Dong Qian, Mengmeng Bi, Yuemin Fan, Lizhe An, Yun Xiang
Summary: Pollen tube guidance is crucial for the growth and targeting of pollen tubes in pistils. The P4-ATPase ALA3 regulates the localization of PRK3 and PRK6, which are essential for pollen tube growth and guidance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qi Jia, Derek Sieburth
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in connecting metabolism with neurotransmitter release. The study demonstrates that endogenous hydrogen peroxide produced by axonal mitochondria acts as a signaling molecule to selectively regulate neuropeptide secretion in C. elegans.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Suting Li, Zhi Wang, Mao Chen, Ya Xiao, Jie Min, Ming Hu, Jianming Tang, Li Hong
Summary: In this study, ArfGAP3 was found to be expressed during skeletal muscle injury and myoblast differentiation, and positively correlated with COPI-related genes. In vitro experiments showed that ArfGAP3 regulates COPI-associated vesicle and GLUT4 transport, impacting myoblast proliferation and differentiation by influencing glucose uptake. These findings provide insight into the repair process after skeletal muscle injury.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kouji Fukuyama, Motohiro Okada
Summary: In this study, the effects of brivaracetam and levetiracetam on astroglial cell response to different types of high-frequency oscillations were investigated. It was found that brivaracetam and levetiracetam inhibited the activation of astroglial cells induced by fast-ripple high-frequency oscillation, while levetiracetam exhibited inhibitory effects on astroglial cell response to physiological ripple high-frequency oscillation. These findings are important for understanding the mechanisms of action of these drugs and their adverse behavioral/psychiatric effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Motohiro Okada, Kouji Fukuyama, Takashi Shiroyama, Yuto Ueda
Summary: The study investigated the effects of brivaracetam on astroglial L-glutamate release and the interaction with SV2A and Cx43 expression. The results suggest that suppression of TNF-α-induced neuronal excitability by inhibiting ectopic SV2A contributes to the antiepileptic/anticonvulsive mechanism of brivaracetam action.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Pingyang Ke, Juan Gu, Jing Liu, Yan Liu, Xin Tian, Yuanlin Ma, Yuan Meng, Fei Xiao
Summary: Epilepsy, affecting over 65 million people, is a common neurological disorder with unknown mechanisms. Abnormal synaptic transmission plays a crucial role in its occurrence and development. Syntabulin, a neuronal transporter, is found to be increased in epileptic tissues, and its knockdown increases susceptibility and severity of epilepsy, while overexpression has the opposite effect. Syntabulin mainly translocates STX1B to the presynaptic membrane in epileptic brain tissue, resulting in increased presynaptic transmitter release. It plays a significant role in the E/I balance of GABAergic activity and regulates the epileptic phenotype.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Siddharth M. Khare, Anjali Awasthi, V. Venkataraman, Sandhya P. Koushika
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Joshua T. Vogelstein
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Donglei Zhang, Jyoti Dubey, Sandhya P. Koushika, Christopher Rongo
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atrayee Basu, Shirshendu Dey, Dharmendra Puri, Nilanjana Das Saha, Vidur Sabharwal, Pankajam Thyagarajan, Prerna Srivastava, Sandhya Padmanabhan Koushika, Anindya Ghosh-Roy
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2017)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Bikash Choudhary, Madhushree Kamak, Neena Ratnakaran, Jitendra Kumar, Anjali Awasthi, Chun Li, Ken Nguyen, Kunihiro Matsumoto, Naoki Hisamoto, Sandhya P. Koushika
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Sravanthi S. P. Nadiminti, Madhushree Kamak, Sandhya P. Koushika
JOURNAL OF GENETICS
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Parul Sood, Kausalya Murthy, Vinod Kumar, Michael L. Nonet, Gautam I. Menon, Sandhya P. Koushika
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guruprasada Reddy Sure, Anusheela Chatterjee, Nikhil Mishra, Vidur Sabharwal, Swathi Devireddy, Anjali Awasthi, Swetha Mohan, Sandhya P. Koushika
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shruti Thapliyal, Amruta Vasudevan, Yongming Dong, Jihong Bai, Sandhya P. Koushika, Kavita Babu
Review
Cell Biology
Keertana Venkatesh, Amal Mathew, Sandhya P. Koushika
Review
Neurosciences
Vidur Sabharwal, Sandhya P. Koushika
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Biology
Kasturi Chakraborty, Palapuravan Anees, Sunaina Surana, Simona Martin, Jihad Aburas, Sandrine Moutel, Franck Perez, Sandhya P. Koushika, Paschalis Kratsios, Yamuna Krishnan
Summary: Nucleic acid nanodevices have great potential for logic-based therapeutic intervention and basic biology. By utilizing receptor-ligand interactions and biological barriers, these nanodevices can be targeted to specific cell types with subcellular precision in vivo, expanding their utility in biomedical applications and discovery biology.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sucheta S. Kulkarni, Vidur Sabharwal, Seema Sheoran, Atrayee Basu, Kunihiro Matsumoto, Naoki Hisamoto, Anindya Ghosh-Roy, Sandhya P. Koushika
Summary: The study demonstrates that UNC-16 inhibits axonal regeneration by limiting the availability of the long isoform of DLK-1 at the injury site and regulating cytoskeletal dynamics. Additionally, UNC-16's inhibitory role in regeneration occurs through a tight temporal and spatial control of DLK-1 and cytoskeletal dynamics, ultimately affecting the functional recovery in unc-16 mutants.
Article
Cell Biology
Amal Mathew, Sandhya P. Koushika
Summary: Certain organelles exhibit a spatial gradient of maturation along neuronal processes. This gradient is established through progressive maturation steps aided by organelle distribution and transport. Autophagosomes and endosomes mature as they are retrogradely transported towards the cell body. The mechanism of organelle maturation observed in this study may apply to other organelles transported along neuronal processes. Defects in axonal transport may contribute to the accumulation of immature organelles in neurons.
CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Amruta Vasudevan, Reshma Maiya, Keertana Venkatesh, Vinod Kumar, Parul Sood, Kausalya Murthy, Sandhya P. Koushika, Gautam I. Menon
Summary: The study investigates the physiological and functional relevance of stationary clusters of vesicles in axonal transport. Through simulation and experimentation, it is shown that a reduction in reversal rates leads to an increase in long-lived stationary vesicle clusters and a decrease in net anterograde transport. The results suggest that these stationary clusters serve as dynamic reservoirs of cargo vesicles and play a role in regulating cargo transport.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)