Article
Veterinary Sciences
Kiyotaka Arai, Takamasa Itoi, Natsuki Akashi, Masahiro Miyabe, Keisuke Sugimoto, Akira Matsuda, Noritaka Maeta, Teppei Kanda, Kenji Kutara
Summary: This study performed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans on adult Beagle dogs and analyzed DTI parameters in different regions. The results showed that DTI parameters significantly decreased in the caudal direction, but were not significantly correlated with vertebral levels. These findings contribute to the development of a clinical reference for evaluating spinal cord in dogs using DTI parameters.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nicholas A. Livingston, Daniel J. Lee, Colin T. Mahoney, Stacey L. Farmer, Travis Cole, Brian P. Marx, Terence M. Keane
Summary: The study found that drug use problems were more severe among male veteran participants, while the correlation between PTSD and drug issues was stronger in female veterans who reported drug use. Results suggested that PTSD symptoms predicted future drug use problems in men, while drug problems predicted future severity of PTSD symptoms in women.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Review
Neuroimaging
Rahil Rahimi, Mahsa Dolatshahi, Fatemeh Abbasi-Feijani, Sara Momtazmanesh, Giulia Cattarinussi, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi, Lorenzo Pini
Summary: The pathophysiology of migraine as a headache disorder is still undetermined, but DTI studies have provided valuable insights into the microstructural changes associated with this disease. Alterations in diffusion parameters have been observed in various brain regions, including white matter tracts, subcortical areas, and the cortex. These changes show variability across migraine cycle phases, and are also observed in patients with depressive/anxiety symptoms. However, there are inconsistent findings regarding the differences between chronic and episodic migraine. Overall, migraine is associated with microstructural changes in widespread regions of the brain, which may reflect neuronal damage and plasticity mechanisms.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Michelle M. Pebole, Robert C. Lyons, Robyn L. Gobin
Summary: This study examines trauma frequency, alcohol use, and PTSD symptoms as predictors of emotion regulation difficulties among post-9/11 Veterans. The findings show positive correlations between PTSD symptom severity and ER difficulties, as well as between drinking behavior and emotion dysregulation. PTSD accounts for a significant portion of the variance in ER difficulties and may help identify aspects of PTSD symptomatology that contribute to ER difficulties.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cong Zhou, Jie Li, Man Dong, Liangliang Ping, Hao Lin, Yuxin Wang, Shuting Wang, Shuo Gao, Ge Yu, Yuqi Cheng, Xiufeng Xu
Summary: This meta-analysis examined white matter microstructural alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and found reductions in fractional anisotropy in the left inferior network, corpus callosum, and left olfactory cortex. Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum and BMI in the patient group.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jiyoon Yoo, Leevi Kerkela, Patrick W. Hales, Kiran K. Seunarine, Christopher A. Clark
Summary: This study successfully implemented a multidimensional diffusion-encoding protocol to image the microstructure of the healthy hippocampus at high resolution, revealing orientation dispersion in hippocampal tissue. The reproducibility of q-space trajectory imaging metrics was comparable to DTI, providing reference values for microstructural metrics in the healthy hippocampus.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Philippa J. Johnson, Andrew D. Miller, Jonathan Cheetham, Elena A. Demeter, Wen-Ming Luh, John P. Loftus, Sarah L. Stephan, Curtis W. Dewey, Erica F. Barry
Summary: Degenerative myelopathy in dogs causes undetectable spinal cord lesions on standard MRI, but diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can reveal alterations in spinal cord diffusivity. Dogs with DM showed significant decreases in fractional anisotropy, suggesting DTI may be a potential biomarker for lesion development.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Kanza Awais, Ziga Snoj, Erika Cvetko, Igor Sersa
Summary: Magnetic resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a powerful imaging technique that can evaluate the microstructural environment of highly anisotropic tissues. In this study, DTI microscopy at 9.4 T magnetic field was used to assess the human median peripheral nerve ex vivo, providing detailed information about diffusion eigenvalues, mean diffusivity, and fractional anisotropy in different regions of the nerve.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaoyan Hu, Min Kuang, Bo Peng, Yang Yang, Wei Lin, Wenbo Li, Yinghua Wu
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the value of diffusion tensor imaging in assessing renal injury in a rat model of preclinical diabetic nephropathy. Results showed that DN rats exhibited hyperglycemia, polyuria, and renal damage, with increased apparent diffusion coefficients and decreased fractional anisotropy values in the cortex and medulla compared to the NC group. Diffusion tensor imaging may be useful for early, non-invasive, quantitative detection, and therapy monitoring of diabetic nephropathy.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Piotr Podwalski, Krzysztof Szczygiel, Ernest Tyburski, Leszek Sagan, Blazej Misiak, Jerzy Samochowiec
Summary: DTI is an imaging technique that measures the diffusion of water molecules in tissues, helping to understand white matter integrity disorders and potentially leading to better methods of psychiatric diagnosis and treatment.
PHARMACOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christine Chin-jung Hsieh, Yu-Chun Lo, Ssu-Ju Li, Ting-Chun Lin, Ching-Wen Chang, Ting-Chieh Chen, Shih-Hung Yang, Yi-Chao Lee, You-Yin Chen
Summary: Tuberous sclerosis complex is a rare hereditary disease characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms, with limited effectiveness of current pharmacological treatments. Curcumin may help improve learning and memory deficits, while DTI is a sensitive tool for monitoring neuropathological changes.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Takumi Yokohama, Motoyuki Iwasaki, Daisuke Oura, Sho Furuya, Yoshimasa Niiya
Summary: In this study, it was confirmed that the DTI metrics are reversible, indicating no muscle injury occurred. Compression without fiber injury led to an increase in FA value due to strong alignment of fibers in the longitudinal direction.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nicholas Barr, Jordan P. Davis, Graham Diguiseppi, Mary Keeling, Carl Castro
Summary: This study found that mindfulness has positive effects on helping military veterans cope with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, as well as self-stigma. Mindfulness is directly associated with reducing symptoms of PTSD and depression, and indirectly associated with reducing self-stigma through the pathway of PTSD. These findings suggest that mindfulness interventions may be promising for veterans struggling with PTSD, depression, and self-stigma.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Alberto Failla, Lauryna Filatovaite, Xiaowan Wang, Sampsa Vanhatalo, Jeroen Dudink, Linda S. de Vries, Manon Benders, Nathan Stevenson, Maria Luisa Tataranno
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the association between bursting interhemispheric synchrony (bIHS) and microstructural development of the corpus callosum (CC) in extremely preterm infants during the first week of life. Results indicated that early cortical synchrony may be affected by morphine, but is not associated with the microstructural development of the CC.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Jie Cai, Young Jin Kim, Xinlin Xu, Yanli Ma, Austin Scholp, Jack J. Jiang, Ting Liu, Peiyun Zhuang
Summary: The diffusion characteristics of water molecules were measured in the vocal folds of canines with unilateral vocal fold paralysis and unilateral cricoarytenoid joint dislocation to explore the feasibility of using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to distinguish these conditions and evaluate microstructural changes. DTI parameters such as Fractional Anisotropy and Tensor Trace were found to effectively reflect the changes in microstructure.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Danielle R. Sullivan, Mark W. Miller, Erika J. Wolf, Mark W. Logue, Meghan E. Robinson, Catherine B. Fortier, Jennifer R. Fonda, Danny J. J. Wang, William P. Milberg, Regina E. McGlinchey, David H. Salat
Summary: The study found that blast exposure may have negative consequences on brain structure and function, and perfusion could be an important neural marker of brain health in blast exposure.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mieke Verfaellie, Renee Hunsberger, Margaret M. Keane
Summary: Studies on amnesic patients with medial temporal lobe (MTL) lesions have shown inconsistent results in moral decision-making, with personal framing not affecting the participants' moral judgments. Patients with MTL damage were less willing to endorse utilitarian options and rated actions as more emotionally intense compared to controls, suggesting the necessity of episodic processes in evaluating action-outcome contingencies.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jena N. Moody, Kate E. Valerio, Alexander N. Hasselbach, Sarah Prieto, Mark W. Logue, Scott M. Hayes, Jasmeet P. Hayes
Summary: The study found that individuals with lower BMI and higher genetic risk are more likely to convert to AD, especially among males. These results suggest that the combination of genetic risk and lower BMI may serve as a prodromal risk factor for future conversion to AD.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jasmeet P. Hayes, Meghan E. Pierce, Kate E. Valerio, Mark W. Miller, Bertrand Russell Huber, Catherine B. Fortier, Jennifer R. Fonda, William Milberg, Regina McGlinchey
Summary: This study found positive correlations between traumatic stress, affective, somatic, and metabolic latent variables and systemic inflammation levels, with the most significant relationship between war-zone blast exposures and metabolic dysregulation. Blast exposure was associated with metabolic dysregulation in a dose-response manner, with closer blast proximity linked to the greatest metabolic dysregulation.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Aubrey A. Wank, Anna Robertson, Sean C. Thayer, Mieke Verfaellie, Steven Z. Rapcsak, Matthew D. Grilli
Summary: Autobiographical memory consists of different types of memory, ranging from abstract to episodic. Self trait knowledge relies on specific regions of the autobiographical memory network, not the medial temporal lobes. This case study reveals a rare amnesia case with impaired self trait knowledge but preserved conceptual knowledge for personality traits and the ability to accurately evaluate others' traits.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica Stark, Daniela J. Palombo, Jasmeet P. Hayes, Kelly J. Hiersche, Alexander N. Hasselbach, Scott M. Hayes
Summary: The study identified significant associations between AD biomarkers, neurotrophic growth factors, education, and stress with specific domains of cognitive function (including episodic memory, executive function, processing speed, and language). Biological metrics were found to be more strongly related to cognition than chronological age in older adults with MCI.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Meghan E. Pierce, Jasmeet Hayes, Bertrand Russell Huber, Andreas Jeromin, Catherine B. Fortier, Jennifer R. Fonda, Heather Lasseter, Lauren Chaby, Regina McGlinchey, William Milberg
Summary: This study explored the relationships between plasma biomarkers, clinical, and medical comorbidities in a sample of post-9/11 veterans. The findings suggest that close blast exposure is associated with increased inflammation and decreased GFAP levels, which may be related to deployment-related psychopathology.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sarah Prieto, Jena N. Moody, Kate E. Valerio, Jasmeet P. Hayes
Summary: This study examined the association between PTSD symptom severity, number of stressors experienced, and cognitive outcomes in US Vietnam War Veterans. The results showed that higher PTSD symptom severity was associated with poorer cognitive outcomes, while the number of reported stressors was not related to cognitive outcomes.
JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Sage E. Hawn, Xiang Zhao, Danielle R. Sullivan, Mark Logue, Dana Fein-Schaffer, William Milberg, Regina McGlinchey, Mark W. Miller, Erika J. Wolf
Summary: The study found that psychopathology is associated with accelerated biological aging and early mortality risk. Externalizing psychopathology significantly predicted GrimAge residuals in both cohorts, while PTSD predicted GrimAge residuals in the younger cohort.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sathesan Thavabalasingam, Supreet Aashat, Daniela J. Palombo, Mieke Verfaellie, Andy C. H. Lee
Summary: Temporal information is crucial for event sequence memory, and aging has a negative impact on memory for temporal order and duration. Older adults perform worse than younger adults in making temporal order match-mismatch judgments and duration match-mismatch judgments.
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jasmeet Pannu Hayes, Meghan E. Pierce, Emma Brown, David Salat, Mark W. Logue, Julie Constantinescu, Kate Valerio, Mark W. Miller, Richard Sherva, Bertrand Russell Huber, William Milberg, Regina McGlinchey
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate cortical thinning associated with genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in middle-aged military veterans. The findings suggest that higher genetic risk for AD is associated with accelerated cortical thinning, particularly in the right hemisphere inferior parietal cortex. Additionally, plasma tau levels are related to cortical thinning, while mild traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder are not.
NEUROLOGY-GENETICS
(2023)
Correction
Psychiatry
Sage E. Hawn, Xiang Zhao, Danielle R. Sullivan, Mark Logue, Dana Fein-Schaffer, William Milberg, Regina McGlinchey, Mark W. Miller, Erika J. Wolf
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah E. Prieto, Kate N. Nolan, Jena M. Moody, Scott P. Hayes, Jasmeet Hayes
Summary: Chronic stress is a risk factor for dementia, and in this study, it was found that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity is associated with accelerated cognitive decline in older adults. This association remained significant even after adjusting for Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. It highlights the importance of treating PTSD to maintain cognitive function in aging adults.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mieke Verfaellie, Virginie Patt, Ginette Lafleche, Renee Hunsberger, Jennifer J. Vasterling
Summary: This study aimed to characterize emotional future thinking in PTSD and identify clinical and neurocognitive profiles associated with alterations in the level of detail in narratives of imagined future events. The results showed that individuals with current and past PTSD generated fewer internal details in their narratives compared to those without PTSD. Severity of PTSD symptoms was inversely associated with production of internal details, with a relatively weaker association for intrusion symptoms. Only relational verbal memory was associated with production of internal details.
COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kate E. Valerio, Sarah Prieto, Alexander N. Hasselbach, Jena N. Moody, Scott M. Hayes, Jasmeet P. Hayes
Summary: This study used machine learning techniques to predict functional decline in older adults based on a wide range of baseline variables. Neurocognitive measures showed the best accuracy in predicting functional decline, followed by fluid-based biomarkers.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)