Review
Plant Sciences
Isadora Bischoff Nunes, Paul H. Goodwin
Summary: The Ilyonectria radicicola species complex contains soilborne necrotrophic plant pathogens, with I. mors-panacis being the most aggressive to ginseng roots. Infected roots show severe root rot, while leaves and stems also exhibit symptoms. Aggressive Ilyonectria species suppress host defense mechanisms, allowing for extensive colonization. Genetic approaches are needed to further understand the host-pathogen interactions.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Zong, Qifeng Wu, Tao Shao, Zhihao Dong, Qinhua Liu
Summary: Alfalfa ensiling can increase the squalene content, and cocci lactic acid bacteria are the main producers of squalene. The addition of molasses and sunflower seed oil changes the LAB community structure, decreases squalene synthesis, and reduces squalene production. Alfalfa silage has the potential to be a new source of squalene.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Hima Sasidharan, Midhu Chembrakuniyil, Satheeshkumar Krishnan
Summary: Pyrenacantha volubilis was found to produce camptothecin, a high-value anti-cancer compound, in green root cultures when grown in half strength Murashige and Skoog liquid media supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid. The production of camptothecin was further increased by adjusting the concentration of ammonium nitrate and sucrose, as well as by adding yeast extract and salicylic acid.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cheng Zong, Qifeng Wu, Zhihao Dong, Aili Wu, Jinxin Wu, Tao Shao, Qinhua Liu
Summary: Silage can become contaminated with mycotoxins due to poor management, posing a threat to both human health and the environment. By studying deteriorated silage, researchers discovered a strategy to recycle it and utilize beneficial substances to produce squalene.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hima Sasidharan, Midhu Chembrakuniyil, Satheeshkumar Krishnan
Summary: By establishing in vitro root cultures of Pyrenacantha volubilis and treating with appropriate hormones and yeast extract, the production of camptothecin in the roots can be significantly increased, providing a new approach for efficient in vitro production of camptothecin.
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lanchun Liu, Jun Hu, Qiyuan Mao, Chao Liu, Haoqiang He, Xiaoshan Hui, Guang Yang, Peirong Qu, Wenjing Lian, Lian Duan, Yan Dong, Juhua Pan, Yongmei Liu, Qingyong He, Jun Li, Jie Wang
Summary: This paper elaborates on the current pharmacological effects of ginseng functional components in treating cardiovascular diseases, summarizes the adverse reactions of ginseng, and provides a list of Chinese patent medicines containing ginseng formula for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Nguyen Quang Duc Tien, Hoang Kha, Tran Linh Anh, Le Quang Man, Duong Tan Nhut, Nguyen Hoang Loc
Summary: Vietnamese ginseng (Panax vietnamensis Ha & Grushv.) is a valuable herb in Vietnam due to its rich bioactive compounds. This study reports the discovery of PPDS and PPTS genes and their enzymes in Vietnamese ginseng. The genes have a conserved structure and the enzymes show different similarities with other Panax species. The expression of these genes and the accumulation of ginsenosides can be enhanced by vanadium compounds.
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiaoxue Fang, Manqi Wang, Xinteng Zhou, Huan Wang, Huaying Wang, Hongxing Xiao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of growth years on gene expression in cultivated ginseng and wild ginseng through transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that the growth years significantly affected gene expression in cultivated ginseng, especially in the MAPK signaling pathway and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathway. Moreover, the growth years had significant effects on genes related to ginsenoside synthesis in cultivated ginseng but had little influence on wild ginseng.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rongchen Dai, Yinchen Chen, Zhichao Xi, Hongxi Xu, Hangui Ren
Summary: This review comprehensively describes the relationship between ginseng and autophagy, emphasizing its important roles in treating diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and neurotoxicity. The review also discusses the interactions between ginseng-regulated autophagy and apoptosis, as well as the cross-signal transduction pathways underlying these processes.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
X. L. An, Y. Yu, M. Z. Fan, X. H. Wu, X. F. Li, X. C. Piao, M. L. Lian
Summary: This study used mycelia of Alternaria panax as a biotic elicitor to investigate its effect on ginsenoside accumulation in adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng. The concentrations of the mycelium elicitor and elicitation duration significantly affected ginsenoside accumulation, with the highest content obtained when 30-day-old roots were treated with 200 mg/L mycelium elicitor for 8 days. The mycelium elicitor showed a higher ginsenoside content compared to methyl jasmonate, indicating its potential as an effective and economical elicitor for ginsenoside production.
JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Douglas E. Biancur, Kevin S. Kapner, Keisuke Yamamoto, Robert S. Banh, Jasper E. Neggers, Albert S. W. Sohn, Warren Wu, Robert T. Manguso, Adam Brown, David E. Root, Andrew J. Aguirre, Alec C. Kimmelman
Summary: This study systematically examined metabolic vulnerabilities in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) using parallel CRISPR-Cas9 screens in in vivo and in vitro systems, revealing significant overlap of in vivo metabolic dependencies with those in vitro. It also highlighted the limitation of intercellular nutrient sharing masking dependencies in pooled screens, and showed that metabolic dependencies were similar between 2D and 3D culture. Additionally, the study demonstrated the power of genetic screening approaches in defining in vivo metabolic dependencies and potentially therapeutic pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Zhang, Yuxi Li, Qixin Bao, Hongbo Wang, Shuguo Hou
Summary: Plant immunity is initiated by cell surface-localized receptors upon perception of pathogen-derived molecular patterns. The study reveals that the plant elicitor peptide 1 (Pep1) strengthens the cell wall and triggers a systemic immune signaling from the root.
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sachin Vyas, Maurizio Bettiga, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos, Leonidas Matsakas, Alok Patel
Summary: This study preliminarily analyzed the squalene synthase gene in thraustochytrids using bioinformatic tools, and characterized and predicted its features through sequence alignment and the construction of secondary and 3-D models.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xianmei Yin, Haoyu Hu, Xiaofeng Shen, Xiangyan Li, Jin Pei, Jiang Xu
Summary: Ginseng, known as the king of herbs, has been used as an important traditional medicine for thousands of years. Ginsenosides, bioactive compounds of ginseng, have posed challenges for research and development due to their complexity. In recent years, the emergence of new biological research tools, particularly omics and bioinformatic tools, has become a major trend in ginseng research.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Meng-Xi Tong, Yong-Xia Duan, Ying-Dong Zhang, Wan-Yi Ye, Sheng-Ying Qin, Xing-Zhong Liu, Guo-Dong Chen, Jian-Ming Lv, Dan Hu, Hao Gao
Summary: In this study, six new bisabosqual-type meroterpenoids, stachybisbins C-H (1-6), and one known compound, bisabosqual C (7), were isolated and identified from Stachybotrys bisbyi PYH05-7. Interestingly, compound 7 can be non-enzymatically converted into its seco derivative, stachybisbin I (8), revealing the biosynthetic relationship between bisabosquals and seco-bisabosquals.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2023)
