Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Kwaku Kissah-Korsah, Ebenezer Agbaglo, Louis Kobina Dadzie, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Eugene Budu, John Elvis Hagan
Summary: The study examined the predictors of safe disposal of children's faeces among women in sub-Saharan Africa, revealing that education level, age, exposure to radio, sanitation facilities, household size, and geographic location were associated with the practice. Findings suggest that interventions involving audio-visual education and improved toilet facilities are needed to enhance safe disposal practices.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Qiao Gao, Hong Liu, Weixia Yu, Zhaolin Wang, Ying Yang, Kai Guo, Zhenlu Sun
Summary: This study analyzed the pathogenic spectrum, epidemiological characteristics, and molecular epidemiological features of important pathogens causing infectious diarrhea in Yantai City, Shandong Province from 2018-2019. A total of 1514 stool specimens were collected and tested, revealing a high prevalence of viral diarrhea in young children aged 1-5 years. The positive rate for viral diarrheal pathogens was 93.23%.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Bogale Odo, Alemayehu Gonie Mekonnen
Summary: The study revealed a low availability of basic handwashing facilities in Ethiopian households, with factors such as household wealth, education level, and household assets influencing their availability. Efforts are needed to increase the coverage of handwashing facilities at the community level.
Article
Immunology
David M. Berendes, Kirsten Fagerli, Sunkyung Kim, Dilruba Nasrin, Helen Powell, Irene N. Kasumba, Sharon M. Tennant, Anna Roose, M. Jahangir Hossain, Joquina Chiquita M. Jones, Syed M. A. Zaman, Richard Omore, John B. Ochieng, Jennifer R. Verani, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Samba O. Sow, Sanogo Doh, Ciara E. Sugerman, Eric D. Mintz, Karen L. Kotloff
Summary: In this case-control study, we found associations between unsafe water sources, unsafely managed sanitation, and animal contact with moderate-to-severe diarrhea in children. The results showed that children with drinking water sources below safety standards had a higher risk of diarrhea, while the relationship between sanitation and animals varied by site.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yaxi Dai, Renee Holland, Sarah Doane, Wei Qiang Yang, Jinru Chen
Summary: This study investigated the hygiene status of blueberry harvest containers cleaned/sanitized using different methods. Swab samples were collected from used and cleaned/sanitized containers in Georgia and Oregon, and various microbial counts and incidences were determined. The results showed that used containers had higher microbial counts compared to their cleaned/sanitized counterparts in both regions. Containers soaked in chlorinated water with manual washing/scrubbing appeared cleaner than those washed in an un-chlorinated washing machine. However, chlorination of water in the washing machine after each use was more effective in achieving cleanliness.
Article
Virology
Zhenlu Sun, Jinjie Xu, Peihua Niu, Miao Jin, Qiao Gao, Ruiqing Zhang, Ji Wang, Yong Zhang, Xuejun Ma
Summary: This study analysed the pathogenic spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Yantai City, China. The study found that rotavirus, norovirus, enteric adenoviruses, enterovirus universal, and astrovirus were the main pathogens. Infectious diarrhea in Yantai City is primarily viral and does not show a significant seasonal pattern.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Getu Debalkie Demissie, Muluken Fekadie Zerihun, Daniale Tekelia Ekubagewargies, Yigizie Yeshaw, Tadeg Jemere, Bisrat Misganaw, Amare Tariku, Asmamaw Atnafu
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the associated factors of safe child feces disposal among children under two years of age in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study found that factors such as urban residence, higher level of education, wealth index, improved water source, toilet ownership, and media exposure were associated with safe child feces disposal.
Article
Immunology
David M. Berendes, Richard Omore, Graeme Prentice-Mott, Kirsten Fagerli, Sunkyung Kim, Dilruba Nasrin, Helen Powell, M. Jahangir Hossain, Samba O. Sow, Sanogo Doh, Joquina Chiquita M. Jones, John B. Ochieng, Jane Juma, Alex O. Awuor, Billy Ogwel, Jennifer R. Verani, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Irene N. Kasumba, Sharon M. Tennant, Anna Roose, Syed M. A. Zaman, Jie Liu, Ciara E. Sugerman, James A. Platts-Mills, Eric R. Houpt, Karen L. Kotloff, Eric D. Mintz
Summary: The study found that in low-income areas, water, sanitation, and animal factors were associated with enteric pathogens in cases of diarrhea. Animals, such as cows and sheep, were associated with bacterial carriage; surface water was associated with bacteria and protozoa. This study highlights the importance of animal exposure risks in children when it comes to enteric pathogen exposure.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ommy Mushota, Aditya Mathur, Ashish Pathak
Summary: This study conducted in Ujjain district, India, found that a school-based educational WASH intervention effectively improved knowledge on diarrhea prevention and management among high school students. After the educational intervention, students showed significant increases in knowledge scores. Further research is needed to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics associated with changes in knowledge scores to enhance school-based educational WASH interventions and improve diarrhea management and prevention.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samuel Mebrahtom, Alemayehu Worku, Daniel J. Gage
Summary: This study identified risk factors for diarrhea-related infant mortality in Eastern Ethiopia, including young maternal age, unsafe drinking water storage, poor water treatment practices, inadequate sanitation, improper disposal of child feces, and mismanagement of solid waste. Improper management of liquid waste and infrequent hand washing were found to significantly increase the risk of diarrhea-related infant death.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tharmala Tharmalingam, Xiaobing Han, Ashley Wozniak, Laura Saward
Summary: Passive immunization with polyclonal hyper immunoglobulin therapy provides immediate protection by transferring immunoglobulins, but requires maintaining an effective dose until a natural adaptive immune response or pathogen clearance occurs.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Drew Capone, Petros Chigwechokha, Francis L. de los Reyes, Rochelle H. Holm, Benjamin B. Risk, Elizabeth Tilley, Joe Brown
Summary: Research conducted in Malawi found that the depth of pit latrines does not significantly affect the detection of enteric pathogens, suggesting that surface samples may be preferred for easier collection and potential interest in surveillance efforts. This indicates that pit latrine sampling depth may not strongly influence the detection of enteric pathogens, and a single surface sample could be sufficient for routine pathogen monitoring.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Christine Marie George, Shirajum Monira, Fatema Zohura, Elizabeth D. Thomas, M. Tasdik Hasan, Tahmina Parvin, Khaled Hasan, Mahamud-ur Rashid, Nowshin Papri, Aminul Islam, Zillur Rahman, Raisa Rafique, Md Sazzadul Islam Bhuyian, Ronald Saxton, Alain Labrique, Kelsey Alland, Indrajeet Barman, Fatema Tuz Jubyda, Farzana Afroze, Marzia Sultana, Fatema-Tuz Johura, Md Abul Hasem Khan, Sanya Tahmina, Farzana Munmun, David A. Sack, Jamie Perin, Munirul Alam
Summary: The CHoBI7 mHealth program effectively reduced pediatric diarrhea and stunting among diarrhea patient households, especially showing better results when implementing two home visits.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Edmund Tsui, Ruti Sella, Vivien Tham, Alan W. Kong, Esmeralda Mcclean, Lee Goren, Irit Bahar, Nina Cherian, Joana Ramirez, Reginald E. Hughes, Joseph K. Privratsky, Tania Onclinx, Rachel Feit-Leichman, Angel Cheng, Iliana Molina, Phillip Kim, Carol Yu, Kevin Ruder, Alexander Tan, Cindi Chen, Yuheng Liu, Thomas Abraham, Armin Hinterwirth, Lina Zhong, Travis C. Porco, Thomas M. Lietman, Gerami D. Seitzman, Thuy Doan
Summary: This study investigates regional variations and microbial etiologies of acute infectious conjunctivitis. The study finds that pathogens associated with acute infectious conjunctivitis vary between different sites. Purulent discharge is a common presenting sign, but has low specificity for bacteria-associated conjunctivitis.
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ian Ross, Sarah Bick, Philip Ayieko, Robert Dreibelbis, Jennyfer Wolf, Matthew C. Freeman, Elizabeth Allen, Michael Brauer, Oliver Cumming
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis found that interventions promoting handwashing with soap can reduce the occurrence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study suggests that handwashing with soap can help prevent the burden of respiratory diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer L. Scribner, Eric A. Vance, David S. W. Protter, William M. Sheeran, Elliott Saslow, Ryan T. Cameron, Eric M. Klein, Jessica C. Jimenez, Mazen A. Kheirbek, Zoe R. Donaldson
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robin M. Bernstein, G. Kesler O'Connor, Eric A. Vance, Nabeel Affara, Saikou Drammeh, David B. Dunger, Abdoulie Faal, Ken K. Ong, Fatou Sosseh, Andrew M. Prentice, Sophie E. Moore
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Rachael R. Baiduc, Sarah Mullervy, Caitlin M. Berry, Samantha Brumbach, Shashidhar Prabhu, Eric A. Vance
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Rachael R. Baiduc, Michael Ramsey, Amy Sanders, Eric A. Vance
Summary: The study found significant positive correlations between diastolic blood pressure and behavioral thresholds, as well as between diastolic blood pressure and mid-frequency DPOAE levels. However, adjusted models indicate that other factors are more important drivers of impaired auditory function. Contrary to the hypothesis, subtle elevation in blood pressure is not associated with poorer hearing sensitivity or cochlear dysfunction.
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Angela Yarnell Bonino, Michael E. Ramsey, Elizabeth S. Pancoast, Eric A. Vance
Summary: The study found different developmental trajectories for speech detection thresholds in two different masker conditions. There were no significant age-related differences in training data, probe hit rate, or inter-rater reliability.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Kathia Ibacache, Amanda Rybin Koob, Eric Vance
Summary: Emergency remote teaching became the norm for higher education institutions in the United States during the spring of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey of 202 academic instruction librarians was conducted to explore the technology tools used, strengths and weaknesses perceived, and digital literacy gaps identified, in order to make recommendations for best practices in utilizing technology tools and assessing them for equity and student engagement.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Kelton Verble, Eric M. Hallerman, Kathleen A. Alexander
Summary: The population genetic structure of banded mongooses in northern Botswana, infected with M. mungi, showed detectable differentiation and gene flow between troops in urban and natural landscapes. Individuals infected with M. mungi tended to stay within their natal groups, suggesting a link between dispersal behavior and infection. Urban landscapes may increase gene flow and dispersal behavior, potentially leading to higher risk of pathogen spread.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Rachael R. Baiduc, Caitlin M. Berry, Katherine Lemons, Eric A. Vance
Summary: This study examined how non-optimal blood pressure affects early auditory evoked potentials (AEPs), with a focus on individuals with hypertension. The results showed that hypertension was associated with subtle AEP abnormalities, suggesting a potential link between non-optimal blood pressure and auditory neural dysfunction. Larger confirmatory studies are needed to further investigate this relationship.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF AUDIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Marissa LeBlanc, Corina S. Rueegg, Nural Bekiroglu, Tonya M. Esterhuizen, Morten W. Fagerland, Ragnhild S. Falk, Kathrine F. Froslie, Erika Graf, Georg Heinze, Ulrike Held, Rene Holst, Theis Lange, Madhu Mazumdar, Ida H. Myrberg, Martin Posch, Jamie C. Sergeant, Werner Vach, Eric A. Vance, HaraldWeedon-Fekjaer, Manuela Zucknick
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
Ashton Wiens, Henry B. Lovejoy, Zachary Mullen, Eric A. Vance
Summary: The collapse of the kingdom of Oyo resulted in the enslavement of a large number of people who were transported to the Americas. Historians have knowledge of where these people ended up, but little is known about their origins and enslavement locations within Africa. This study uses statistical modeling to uncover the origins and enslavement patterns, providing insights into the history of the African diaspora.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES A-STATISTICS IN SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Eric A. Vance, Ilana M. Trumble, Jessica L. Alzen, Heather S. Smith
Summary: The way we ask questions in meetings, collaborations, and our careers as statisticians and data scientists can greatly impact our success. Good questions elicit useful information and strengthen relationships. This article discusses strategies for asking great questions and presents the methods and results of a study that demonstrates the value of asking great questions. Practical guidelines are provided for statisticians to improve their collaboration skills and address societal challenges.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Jessica L. Alzen, Ilana M. Trumble, Kimberly J. Cho, Eric A. Vance
Summary: Data science is a collaborative field where individuals use quantitative data to answer questions. Previous research on teaching collaboration skills in statistics and data science lacks detailed assessment methods and relies mainly on self-reflection data. This case study presents a method for teaching collaboration in statistics and data science, a framework for identifying effective collaboration elements, and a comparative case study evaluating collaboration skills of students and an experienced collaborator. Results show that the experienced collaborator excelled in facilitating meetings and communication, emphasizing the importance of strong relationships for high-quality collaboration.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICS AND DATA SCIENCE EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rayna Benzeev, Sam Zhang, Marcelo Artur Rauber, Eric Vance, Peter Newton
Summary: Recognition of land rights and tenure for Indigenous peoples has positive effects on forest outcomes, particularly with formalized tenure. This study provides valuable evidence on the impact of tenure on Indigenous lands in the globally important Atlantic Forest biome and contributes to the literature on rights-based approaches to conservation.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Eric A. Vance, Jessica L. Alzen, Heather S. Smith
Summary: This article explores the importance of increasing the impact of collaborative projects in statistics and data science by creating shared understanding. It explains the concepts of common knowledge and shared understanding, as well as related concepts of misunderstanding and doubtful understanding. The article describes a process for teaching oneself and others how to create shared understanding and emphasizes the significance of incorporating this concept into practice.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICS AND DATA SCIENCE EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Eric A. Vance
Summary: Team-Based Learning (TBL) is a pedagogical strategy that helps educators teach data science better by actively engaging students in small-group collaborative learning. It aids students in achieving workforce-relevant data science learning goals such as effective communication and teamwork.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICS AND DATA SCIENCE EDUCATION
(2021)