Review
Infectious Diseases
Dong Kyu Kim, Allison McGeer, Elizabeth Uleryk, Brenda L. Coleman
Summary: This article evaluates the influenza-associated hospitalization rates, mortality rates, and case fatality rates for hospitalized cases among adults aged 50-64. The findings reveal significant variation in burden across seasons and geographic regions.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Derara Girma, Hiwot Dejene, Leta Adugna, Mengistu Tesema, Mukemil Awol
Summary: This study summarizes the case fatality rate (CFR) of COVID-19 and factors contributing to mortality in Ethiopia. The study found that the CFR of COVID-19 in Ethiopia is comparable to other countries, and comorbid conditions, older age group, male sex, disease severity, and history of surgery/trauma are factors increasing the likelihood of death. Urgent interdisciplinary interventions should be implemented to reduce the mortality risk in vulnerable groups, and further prospective studies are needed to better understand the CFR of COVID-19 in Ethiopia.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Giovanni Corrao, Federico Rea, Gian Carlo Blangiardo
Summary: The article compares the trends of COVID-19 mortality, case-fatality, and all-cause excess mortality in eleven western countries, finding significant differences among countries and recommending all-cause excess mortality as a more reliable metric for comparison.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Liselotte van Asten, Carel N. Harmsen, Lenny Stoeldraijer, Don Klinkenberg, Anne C. Teirlinck, Marit M. A. de Lange, Adam Meijer, Jan van de Kassteele, Arianne B. Van Gageldonk-Lafeber, Susan van den Hof, Wim van der Hoek
Summary: Since 2009, the Netherlands has used a death monitoring system to estimate deaths exceeding expectations. Excess deaths during the COVID-19 epidemic were comparable to a severe influenza epidemic in terms of numbers, but occurred in a shorter time frame and were mitigated by nonpharmaceutical control measures. The infection-fatality rate for COVID-19 was estimated to be 1% based on excess deaths and seroepidemiologic studies. Monitoring excess deaths is crucial for timely estimates of disease burden for influenza and COVID-19.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mengqing Yan, Wenjun Kang, Zhifeng Guo, Qi Wang, Peizhong Peter Wang, Yun Zhu, Yongli Yang, Wei Wang
Summary: This study aims to explore the value of discharged case fatality rate (DCFR) in making more accurate predictions about the epidemic trend of COVID-19 in Italy. The findings show that Italy's DCFR fluctuated greatly from January to May 2020, with a rapid increase followed by a rapid decline. Among the selected countries, the United States had the highest DCFR, while the DCFR of the other countries ranged from 0.98% to 2.72%.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2022)
Article
Geography
Akinola S. Akinwumiju, Olawale Oluwafemi, Yahaya D. Mohammed, Jacob W. Mobolaji
Summary: This study examines the impact of socio-economic and health conditions on COVID-19 mortality in the United States. The results show that COVID-19 mortality is associated with certain socio-economic and health variables, with education playing a crucial role in improving people's standard of living.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Guangze Luo, Xingyue Zhang, Hua Zheng, Daihai He
Summary: The infection fatality ratio (IFR) is a crucial epidemiological parameter for assessing the risk of death per infection, but estimating the IFR for COVID-19 requires avoiding methods that underestimate the true situation. Research suggests that in areas with extensive testing, RT-PCR-based case fatality ratio (CFR) can serve as a reliable indicator of the lethality of COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Zheng Jie Lim, Ashwin Subramaniam, Mallikarjuna Ponnapa Reddy, Gabriel Blecher, Umesh Kadam, Afsana Afroz, Baki Billah, Sushma Ashwin, Mark Kubicki, Federico Bilotta, J. Randall Curtis, Francesca Rubulotta
Summary: The study indicates that the case fatality rate of COVID-19 patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation is around 45%, but varying reporting methods result in a wide range of fatality rates across studies. Fatality rates are higher in older patients and in early pandemic epicenters.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Byungwon Kim, Seonghong Kim, Woncheol Jang, Sungkyu Jung, Johan Lim
Summary: This study proposes an alternative estimator for accurately estimating the case fatality rate during an outbreak by utilizing stratification and real-time update, based on confirmed, cured, and deceased cases. Numerical results from China, South Korea, and the United States show that the proposed stratification-based estimator provides early warning about the severity of an epidemiological disease and converges faster to the final case fatality rate.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yonghui Zhai, Dayang Jiang, Giray Gozgor, Eunho Cho
Summary: Using data from Johns Hopkins University's COVID-19 database, this study found that internal and external conflicts are positively related to the case fatality rates of COVID-19 in various countries. This evidence suggests that conflict may contribute to significant differences in COVID-19 case fatality rates across different countries.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sibhatu Biadgilign, Alemayehu Hailu, Bereket Gebremichael, Mekitew Letebo, Etsub Berhanesilassie, Arega Shumetie
Summary: This study investigates the effects of universal health coverage (UHC) and global health security (GHS) on the rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and case fatality in Africa. The results show that UHC, median age of the national population, and population density have significant effects on the infection rate, while the infection rate, median age of the national population, and prevalence of obesity among adults are associated with the case fatality rate. UHC and GHS do not seem to protect against the case fatality rate of COVID-19.
GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Alyssa N. Sbarra, Mark Jit, Jonathan F. Mosser, Matthew Ferrari, Felicity Cutts, Mark Papania, Katrina Kretsinger, Kevin A. Mccarthy, Niket Thakkar, Katy A. M. Gaythorpe, Deepa Gamage, L. Kendall Krause, Emily Dansereau, Natasha Crowcroft, Allison Portnoy
Summary: This study developed a conceptual framework and assessed the available evidence for factors related to measles case fatality ratios (CFRs). Through expert consultation and literature review, the study identified mechanisms and indicators associated with measles CFR, providing insights for future estimations.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nelson Alvis Guzman, Fernando De la Hoz Restrepo, Hector Serrano-Coll, Bertha Gastelbondo, Salim Mattar
Summary: The study describes the infection fatality rate (IFR) of COVID-19 by age groups in a department of Colombia, finding an overall IFR of 0.24%, significantly lower than the overall CFR (5.6%). The study concludes that CFR severely overestimates the lethality of COVID-19 in developing areas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Daniel Rojas-Bolivar, Claudio Intimayta-Escalante, Ariana Cardenas-Jara, Roman Jandarov, Moises A. Huaman
Summary: This study found a positive correlation between tuberculosis case rate and COVID-19 case fatality rate in districts within the tuberculosis-endemic metropolitan area of Lima, Peru. Additionally, districts with a heavier burden of tuberculosis exhibited higher COVID-19 fatality rates, independent of socioeconomic and morbidity variables.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Krzysztof Gogolewski, Blazej Miasojedow, Malgorzata Sadkowska-Todys, Malgorzata Stepien, Urszula Demkow, Agnieszka Lech, Ewa Szczurek, Daniel Rabczenko, Magdalena Rosinska, Anna Gambin
Summary: After analyzing historical data from the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, this study demonstrates a decreasing trend in case fatality rate. Furthermore, it identifies non-obvious factors such as recent medical care and source contact that significantly impact individual mortality risk, providing insights for reducing mortality.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hao-Yuan Cheng, Shu-Wan Jian, Ding-Ping Liu, Ta-Chou Ng, Wan-Ting Huang, Hsien-Ho Lin
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Oncology
TienYu Owen Yang, Kuan-Ying Arthur Huang, Mei-Huei Chen, Pau-Chung Chen, Wan-Ting Huang
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hao-Yuan Cheng, Yu-Chun Wu, Min-Hau Lin, Yu-Lun Liu, Yue-Yang Tsai, Jo-Hua Wu, Ke-Han Pan, Chih-Jung Ke, Chiu-Mei Chen, Ding-Ping Liu, I-Feng Lin, Jen-Hsiang Chuang
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Wan-Ting Huang, Yi-Chen Juan, Chia-Hung Liu, Yen-Yun Yang, K. Arnold Chan
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katherine M. Duszynski, James H. Stark, Catherine Cohet, Wan-Ting Huang, Ju-Young Shin, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai, Kenneth K. C. Man, Nam-Kyong Choi, Alena Khromava, Tomomi Kimura, Kui Huang, Sawaeng Watcharathanakij, Sonali Kochhar, Robert T. Chen, Nicole L. Pratt
Summary: This study identified 11 databases containing vaccine-specific information in the Asia-Pacific region, with varying coverage and vaccine exposure information. Integration and linkage capabilities of outcome data varied among databases, and differences in data approval processes impacted timeliness of data access. Challenges in building a distributed network for vaccine safety assessment in the region highlight the potential benefits of Common Data Models (CDMs).
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Steven B. Black, Barbara Law, Robert T. Chen, Cornelia L. Dekker, Miriam Sturkenboom, Wan-Ting Huang, Marc Gurwith, Greg Poland
Summary: Post-introduction safety evaluation of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for monitoring potential risks, involving the dynamic list of Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI) and establishing background rates to identify safety concerns in a timely manner.
Article
Immunology
Chia-Hung Liu, Wan-Ting Huang, Wei-Chu Chie, K. Arnold Chan
Summary: This study assessed the feasibility of a novel tree-based statistical approach in identifying clustering of adverse events (AE) following varicella vaccination. The results showed that no unexpected clusters of AEs were detected after the mass administration of childhood varicella vaccines in Taiwan.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hsin- Huang, Chia-Ping Su, Wan-Ting Huang, Wan-Chin Chen
Summary: In Taiwan, medical providers are required to report all acute hepatitis C (AHC) patients to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS). Our study used national surveillance data to identify gender differences in risk factors associated with AHC and propose control measures for at-risk groups.
Article
Immunology
Yang Li, Shih-Tse Huang, Wan -Chin Chen, Fu -Jun Chen, Min-Tsung Lin, Du -Ling Lin, Pei -Fang Lai, Ching -Fen Ko, Chia -ping Su
Summary: Taiwan conducted retrospective testing and epidemiological investigation on patients with severe complicated influenza but negative for influenza testing. They successfully identified the first COVID-19 patient and traced close contacts to prevent virus transmission.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eden Dagnachew Zeleke, Getnet Yimer, Leuel Lisanework, Robert T. Chen, Wan-Ting Huang, Shu-Hua Wang, Sarah D. Bennett, Eyasu Makonnen
Summary: From February to May 2021, the readiness for implementing active vaccine pharmacovigilance surveillance in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia was assessed. Only 23.1% of the hospitals met the assessment criteria and improvement areas were identified, including training, availability of guidelines and reporting forms, and a system that accommodates both paper-based and electronic-based recording systems.
INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yi-Jyun Chen, I-Feng Lin, Jen-Hsiang Chuang, Hung-Ling Huang, Ta-Chien Chan
Summary: Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening disease that has been on the rise in recent years. Influenza has been identified as an independent risk factor for IA. This study aimed to investigate the association between influenza vaccination and the risk of IA in a high-risk population. A population-based cohort study was conducted using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to analyze the influenza vaccination status and IA diagnosis among high-risk individuals. Results showed a 21% risk reduction of IA in vaccinated individuals compared to the non-vaccinated group. Influenza vaccination was particularly beneficial for males, those with immunosuppressive conditions, malignancy, diabetes, and certain host factors. In conclusion, influenza vaccination is recommended for high-risk individuals to reduce the risk of IA.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Wei-Ju Su, Yu-Lun Liu, Chia-Hsuin Chang, Yen -Ching Lin, Wei- Huang, Li-Chiu Wu, Shu-Fong Chen, Yu-Sheng Lin, Yee -Lin Hsieh, Chiao-An Yang, Chiu-Hsiang Lin, Kim -Wei Arnold Chan, Ping-Ing Lee, Jen-Hsiang Chuang, Chin -Hui Yang
Summary: Taiwan has implemented a two-dose regimen with a 12-week interval for adolescents to reduce the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination. Nationwide data show variations in the reporting rates of myocarditis/pericarditis following vaccination among different demographic groups.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
I. Bukari, W. T. Huang, W. J. Chen, M. Sturkenboom
Letter
Immunology
Yi-Chun Lo, Jen-Hsiang Chuang, Yen-Fang Huang, Ding-Ping Liu, Jih-Haw Chou
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Po-Chen Kuo, Hao-Yuan Cheng, Pi-Fang Chen, Yu-Lun Liu, Martin Kang, Min-Chu Kuo, Shih-Fen Hsu, Hsin-Jung Lu, Stefan Hong, Chan-Hung Su, Ding-Ping Liu, Yi-Chin Tu, Jen-Hsiang Chuang
