Article
Immunology
Zoe Moodie, One Dintwe, Sheetal Sawant, Doug Grove, Yunda Huang, Holly Janes, Jack Heptinstall, Faatima Laher Omar, Kristen Cohen, Stephen C. De Rosa, Lu Zhang, Nicole L. Yates, Marcella Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Kelly E. Seaton, Fatima Laher, Linda-Gail Bekker, Mookho Malahleha, Craig Innes, Sheetal Kassim, Nivashnee Naicker, Vaneshree Govender, Modulakgotla Sebe, Nishanta Singh, Philip Kotze, Erica Lazarus, Maphoshane Nchabeleng, Amy M. Ward, William Brumskine, Thozama Dubula, April K. Randhawa, Nicole Grunenberg, John Hural, Jia Jin Kee, David Benkeser, Yutong Jin, Lindsay N. Carpp, Mary Allen, Patricia D'Souza, James Tartaglia, Carlos A. DiazGranados, Marguerite Koutsoukos, Peter B. Gilbert, James G. Kublin, Lawrence Corey, Erica Andersen-Nissen, Glenda E. Gray, Georgia D. Tomaras, M. Juliana McElrath
Summary: The ALVAC/gp120 + MF59 vaccines in the HVTN 702 trial did not prevent HIV-1 acquisition, but correlations between immunological responses and HIV-1 acquisition were identified. These findings are consistent with previous research.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rachael Piltch-Loeb, Max Su, Brian Hughes, Marcia Testa, Beth Goldberg, Kurt Braddock, Cynthia Miller-Idriss, Vanessa Maturo, Elena Savoia
Summary: This study tested the effectiveness of attitudinal inoculation through short video messages in promoting resistance against COVID-19 vaccine misinformation. The results showed that the inoculated individuals had greater ability to recognize misinformation tactics, were less likely to share false information, and were more willing to get the COVID-19 vaccine compared to the noninoculated individuals.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Courtney L. Finch, Christian Martinez, Elizabeth Leffel, Mario H. Skiadopoulos, Adam Hacker, Betty Mwesigwa, Diadie Maiga, Ian Mugisa, Grant Munkwase, Roxana Rustomjee
Summary: Clinical vaccine development and regulatory approval generally occurs in a linear, sequential manner. For candidate filovirus vaccines, where correlates of protection have not been identified and traditional efficacy trials are difficult, a new licensure process based on risk/benefit assessment specific to regional needs and informed by epidemiology is being explored.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zelalem T. Haile, Anirudh Ruhil, Benjamin R. Bates, Orman Hall, Mario J. Grijalva
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 vaccine acceptance varies among different sociodemographic groups and other modifiable factors. The findings can help local public health authorities develop effective, context-specific communication strategies to improve vaccination uptake.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Seul Ki Choi, Jesse Golinkoff, Mark Michna, Daniel Connochie, Jose Bauermeister
Summary: This study analyzed data from a digital HIV intervention project and found that participants' sociodemographic and online behaviors were associated with their engagement in the intervention and had an impact on HIV-related outcomes. These findings suggest that digital HIV interventions with personalized intervention components could increase overall engagement and effectiveness of the interventions.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter B. Gilbert, David C. Montefiori, Adrian McDermott, Youyi Fong, David Benkeser, Weiping Deng, Honghong Zhou, Christopher R. Houchens, Karen Martins, Lakshmi Jayashankar, Flora Castellino, Britta Flach, Bob C. Lin, Sarah O'Connell, Charlene McDanal, Amanda Eaton, Marcella Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Yiwen Lu, Chenchen Yu, Bhavesh Borate, Lars W. P. van der Laan, Nima Hejazi, Chuong Huynh, Jacqueline Miller, Hana M. El Sahly, Lindsey R. Baden, Mira Baron, Luis De la Cruz, Cynthia Gay, Spyros Kalams, Colleen F. Kelley, Michele P. Andrasik, James G. Kublin, Lawrence Corey, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Lindsay N. Carpp, Rolando Pajon, Dean Follmann, Ruben O. Donis, Richard A. Koup
Summary: In the COVE phase 3 clinical trial, neutralizing and binding antibodies were measured in vaccine recipients to determine their correlation with COVID-19 risk and vaccine efficacy. The results showed that these immune markers were inversely associated with COVID-19 risk and directly associated with vaccine efficacy. Postvaccination neutralization titers of 10, 100, and 1000 correlated with estimated vaccine efficacies of 78%, 91%, and 96% respectively.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Andre Pittig, Ingmar Heinig, Stephan Goerigk, Freya Thiel, Katrin Hummel, Lucie Scholl, Jurgen Deckert, Paul Pauli, Katharina Domschke, Ulrike Lueken, Thomas Fydrich, Lydia Fehm, Jens Plag, Andreas Strohle, Tilo Kircher, Benjamin Straube, Winfried Rief, Katja Koelkebeck, Volker Arolt, Udo Dannlowski, Jurgen Margraf, Christina Totzeck, Silvia Schneider, Peter Neudeck, Michelle G. Craske, Maike Hollandt, Jan Richter, Alfons Hamm, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
Summary: A study compared two variants of prediction error-based exposure therapy in treating anxiety disorders, finding that temporally intensified exposure therapy showed better performance in treatment response time, treatment effectiveness, and improvement in quality of life compared to standard exposure therapy.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Stanley W. Wanjala, Moses K. Nyongesa, Paul Mwangi, Agnes M. Mutua, Stanley Luchters, Charles R. J. C. Newton, Amina Abubakar
Summary: This study examined HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV on the Kenyan coast. The 12-item short version of the Berger HIV stigma scale showed high reliability and validity in measuring HIV stigma. The study found that being female, non-disclosure of HIV status, and co-occurrence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were significant predictors of HIV-related stigma.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Youyi Fong, Yunda Huang, David Benkeser, Lindsay N. Carpp, German Anez, Wayne Woo, Alice McGarry, Lisa M. Dunkle, Iksung Cho, Christopher R. Houchens, Karen Martins, Lakshmi Jayashankar, Flora Castellino, Christos J. Petropoulos, Andrew Leith, Deanne Haugaard, Bill Webb, Yiwen Lu, Chenchen Yu, Bhavesh Borate, Lars W. P. van der Laan, Nima S. Hejazi, April K. Randhawa, Michele P. Andrasik, James G. Kublin, Julia Hutter, Maryam Keshtkar-Jahromi, Tatiana H. Beresnev, Lawrence Corey, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Dean Follmann, Julie A. Ake, Cynthia L. Gay, Karen L. Kotloff, Richard A. Koup, Ruben O. Donis, Peter B. Gilbert
Summary: In the PREVENT-19 phase 3 trial, the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine's effectiveness against COVID-19 was assessed using markers such as spike IgG, RBD IgG, and nAb ID50. The study found that higher concentrations of these markers were associated with lower COVID-19 risk and higher vaccine efficacy. The results suggest that these markers could be used across different vaccine platforms to guide decision-making on vaccine approval and usage.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
David Benkeser, David C. Montefiori, Adrian B. McDermott, Youyi Fong, Holly E. Janes, Weiping Deng, Honghong Zhou, Christopher R. Houchens, Karen Martins, Lakshmi Jayashankar, Flora Castellino, Britta Flach, Bob C. Lin, Sarah O'Connell, Charlene McDanal, Amanda Eaton, Marcella Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Yiwen Lu, Chenchen Yu, Bhavesh Borate, Lars W. P. van der Laan, Nima S. Hejazi, Avi Kenny, Marco Carone, Brian D. Williamson, Jennifer Garver, Erin Altonen, Thomas Rudge, Chuong Huynh, Jacqueline Miller, Hana M. El Sahly, Lindsey R. Baden, Sharon Frey, Elissa Malkin, Stephen A. Spector, Michele P. Andrasik, James G. Kublin, Lawrence Corey, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Lindsay N. Carpp, Rolando Pajon, Dean Follmann, Ruben O. Donis, Richard A. Koup, Peter B. Gilbert
Summary: The best assay to determine mRNA-1273 vaccine-induced antibodies as a measure of protection is still unclear. In this study, the researchers assessed different antibody markers including spike IgG, RBD IgG, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody, and live virus microneutralization titer. Results showed that pseudovirus neutralization titers and anti-spike binding antibodies were the most effective markers. Combining antibody markers did not improve the correlates. These findings support the use of pseudovirus neutralizing and binding antibody assays as correlates of risk and protection.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Luana Guimaraes de Sousa, Kimal Rajapakshe, Jaime Rodriguez Canales, Renee L. Chin, Lei Feng, Qi Wang, Tomas Z. Barrese, Erminia Massarelli, William William, Faye M. Johnson, Renata Ferrarotto, Ignacio Wistuba, Cristian Coarfa, Jack Lee, Jing Wang, Cornelis J. M. Melief, Michael A. Curran, Bonnie S. Glisson
Summary: The combination of ISA101 and nivolumab shows promising long-term clinical outcomes in patients with incurable HPV-16(+) cancer. Increased infiltration of CD8(+) T cells and macrophages is predictive of treatment response.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vanessa L. Merker, Andres J. Lessing, Irene Moss, Maureen Hussey, Beverly Oberlander, Traceann Rose, Raquel Thalheimer, Tracy Wirtanen, Pamela L. Wolters, Andrea M. Gross, Scott R. Plotkin, REiNS Int Collaboration
Summary: The survey of REiNS members showed that providing sufficient opportunities for patient representatives to engage in research tasks and fostering a respectful, inclusive atmosphere were key to their satisfaction and impact. Patient representatives were perceived to improve the organization's research by directly contributing to research tasks and indirectly influencing other stakeholders, leading to the selection of more meaningful and relevant clinical trial outcomes. Challenges to patient engagement included scheduling difficulties and concerns about the level of scientific knowledge needed to effectively engage.
Article
Virology
Janine van Duijn, Daniel Stieh, Natalia Fernandez, Deborah King, Jill Gilmour, Jeroen Tolboom, Katleen Callewaert, Wouter Willems, Maria G. Pau, Stephen C. De Rosa, M. Juliana Mcelrath, Dan H. Barouch, Peter Hayes
Summary: The ability of vaccine-induced T cells to inhibit viral replication against HIV acquisition was tested in this study. It was found that vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells were able to inhibit HIV replication in autologous CD4+ T cells, with a positive correlation between viral inhibition and ELISpot and ICS responses. Broad ELISpot responsiveness and polyfunctionality of CD8+ T cells were associated with viral inhibitory responses. These findings contribute to the understanding of vaccine-induced T cell functionality.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Pinyi Lu, Dylan J. Guerin, Shu Lin, Sidhartha Chaudhury, Margaret E. Ackerman, Diane L. Bolton, Anders Wallqvist
Summary: A study evaluated the efficacy of a next generation liposome-based adjuvant in rhesus monkeys against HIV-1 infection, showing 90% protection. Analysis using machine learning and Cox proportional hazards regression revealed that ALFA enhanced Fc gamma receptor 2a-related binding antibody responses, reducing infection risk in male animals.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jennifer Miller, Joseph Millum
Summary: New medicines and vaccines are primarily tested in high-income countries, which creates disparities in access to the benefits of clinical research. It is important to prioritize trial site selection in low-income and middle-income countries to address this inequality.