Article
Family Studies
Chris Hoeboer, Carlijn de Roos, Gabrielle E. van Son, Philip Spinhoven, Bernet Elzinga
Summary: Parental emotional abuse is associated with more severe PTSD symptoms in children and adolescents, regardless of whether it is reported as the index traumatic event. Additionally, emotional abuse is linked to more severe PTSD symptoms over the course of treatment.
CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
(2021)
Article
Family Studies
Jenny Chen, Nicole M. Christ, Chia-Hao Shih, Hong Xie, Stephen R. Grider, Chandani Lewis, Jon D. Elhai, Xin Wang
Summary: This study examined the mediating role of dispositional optimism in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and PTSD symptom severity, suggesting that optimism may be effective in reducing the likelihood of developing and severity of PTSD in trauma-exposed individuals.
CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sara A. Heyn, Sophie Bailowitz, Justin D. Russell, Ryan J. Herringa
Summary: Female youth are more likely to develop pPTSD after trauma exposure compared to males. However, little is known about the underlying biomarkers of these sex-based variations. This study found sex-based differences in clinical and brain structure characteristics of youth with PTSD.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Stephen Murata, Taylor Rezeppa, Brian Thoma, Laura Marengo, Katie Krancevich, Elizabeth Chiyka, Benjamin Hayes, Eli Goodfriend, Meredith Deal, Yongqi Zhong, Bradley Brummit, Tiffany Coury, Sarah Riston, David A. Brent, Nadine M. Melhem
Summary: The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on mental health, with adolescents being more affected compared to adults. Loneliness is highlighted as a major predictor of psychiatric symptoms, indicating the importance of social support during this crisis.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Rachel L. Zelkowitz, Noga Zerubavel, Nancy L. Zucker, William E. Copeland
Summary: The relationship between trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and disordered eating is complex and may vary by developmental period. Trauma exposure in childhood significantly impacts disordered eating symptoms in adulthood, while PTSD symptoms in adulthood show closer associations with bulimia nervosa symptoms.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Rebekka Eilers, Eline Rimane, Anna Vogel, Babette Renneberg, Regina Steil, Rita Rosner
Summary: The study evaluated the effectiveness of D-CPT for young patients with CPTSD in a randomized controlled trial, finding that both patients with and without probable ICD-11 CPTSD showed significant symptom improvement during treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOTRAUMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Micaela Bucich, Zachary Steel, David Berle
Summary: Our study identified factors that predict complex and severe PTSD symptoms, such as childhood abuse, lack of childhood support, and experience of sexual abuse. Recognizing the diversity of trauma responses can help tailor treatment to individual needs.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Brittany A. Blose, Stephanie A. Godleski, Rebecca J. Houston, Lindsay S. Schenkel
Summary: This study explored the mechanisms through which childhood maltreatment (CM) relates to schizotypy. The results indicated that peritraumatic dissociation plays an important mediating role between CM and schizotypic symptoms. Understanding the impact of peritraumatic dissociation on schizotypy is crucial in the assessment and treatment of individuals with maltreatment histories or those on the psychosis spectrum.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Maggie Engstrom, Guanmin Liu, Carmen Santana-Gonzalez, Jia Yuan Teoh, Madeline Harms, Kiry Koy, Karina Quevedo
Summary: Child abuse is associated with lifetime psychopathology, with impacts on self-processing neurobiology among depressed youth. Longer abuse duration is linked to lower brain activity during negative self-descriptors, while abuse presence is associated with higher neural activity. These results support the toxic stress model and show the differential impact of acute versus chronic stress on neurophysiological indices.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Franziska Friedmann, Holger Hill, Philip Santangelo, Ulrich Ebner-Priemer, Andreas B. Neubauer, Sophie Rausch, Regina Steil, Meike Muller-Engelmann, Stefanie Lis, Thomas Fydrich, Kathlen Priebe
Summary: This study investigated sleep patterns in women with PTSD after childhood abuse and found that they reported lower sleep quality, more nights with nightmares and shorter sleep duration. Objective measurements also showed more and longer sleep interruptions in the PTSD group compared to healthy controls. These results suggest a stronger impact of PTSD on sleep compared to trauma itself.
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Klaus Schmeck
Summary: Personality disorders are severe mental disorders that have significant impacts on individuals, families, and society. Contrary to previous beliefs, personality disorders are not lifelong conditions and can be treated with specialized approaches. Currently, clinicians are reluctant to diagnose personality disorders in young people, which hinders appropriate treatment options for them. Failing to diagnose personality disorders at an early stage deprives adolescents of effective treatments and increases their risk of fatal outcomes. The upcoming ICD-11 adopts a life-span perspective on mental disorders, enabling the diagnosis of personality disorders in young individuals. Future research will determine the usefulness of the new ICD-11 diagnosis of complex posttraumatic stress disorder for patients with a history of severe childhood trauma.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mona Rahnavardi, Shadab Shahali, Ali Montazeri, Fazlollah Ahmadi
Summary: This study identifies and categorizes the diagnostic and treatment services needed for sexually abused children and adolescents. The review highlights the importance of comprehensive healthcare systems that involve interviewing, exams, evidence collection, prevention and termination of pregnancy, diagnostic tests, HIV prophylaxis, vaccinations, and psychological intervention. Recent research has focused on HIV prevention, while studies on HPV vaccination for victims are limited.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Leila Allen, Christopher Jones, Andrew Fox, Alexandre Copello, Natalie Jones, Richard Meiser-Stedman
Summary: The study found that social support has a small protective effect on PTSD symptoms in children and adolescents, with high heterogeneity. Participants exposed to abuse and studies based on univariate data showed higher correlations.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Reihaneh Ahmadi, Sama Rahimi-Jafari, Mahnaz Olfati, Nooshin Javaheripour, Farnoosh Emamian, Mohammad Rasoul Ghadami, Habibolah Khazaie, David C. Knight, Masoud Tahmasian, Amir A. Sepehry
Summary: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is strongly associated with insomnia, and the prevalence of insomnia in PTSD patients is high. Screening and managing insomnia in PTSD patients are of great importance.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Narges Farahi, Morgan McEachern
Summary: Sexual violence is a major public health and human rights issue affecting over 40% of women in the United States, with women, adolescents, LGBTQ individuals, and military service members being particularly vulnerable. Healthcare providers, such as family physicians, play a crucial role in caring for sexual assault survivors, from initial treatment to long-term support. Preventions efforts should address individual, relational, community, and societal factors to effectively address sexual violence.
AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN
(2021)