Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohd Sharjeel Sofi, Aadil Hamid, Sami Ullah Bhat, Irfan Rashid, Jagdish Chandra Kuniyal
Summary: Periphytic algal assemblages in the regulated River Sindh of Kashmir Himalaya were studied to understand their ecology in a regulated river ecosystem. Seasonal sampling from 2017 to 2019 revealed distinct groups based on sites and seasons. Geo-physical factors accounted for most variations, while the scraper community played a minor role. This study provides scientific insights related to the ecology of a regulated Himalayan river.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Christine Anlanger, Ute Risse-Buhl, Daniel von Schiller, Christian Noss, Markus Weitere, Andreas Lorke
Summary: Epibenthic biofilms play a crucial role in regulating nitrogen fluxes in stream ecosystems. The efficiency of this regulation is influenced by both hydraulic and biological processes, with high within-stream variability observed in biofilm N uptake and uptake velocity. These findings enhance our understanding of the processes involved in biofilm N uptake at small scales and support upscaling to larger spatiotemporal scales along stream networks.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana Victoria Perez-Calpe, Aitor Larranaga, Daniel von Schiller, Arturo Elosegi
Summary: The experimental results suggest that discharge and fine sediments have an impact on the metabolism of biofilms, with fine sediments promoting algal biomass and metabolism, and interacting with water discharge.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zicheng Yu, Yicheng Fu, Ye Zhang, Zhe Liu, Yixuan Liu
Summary: This study quantitatively investigated the hydrodynamic changes in different river morphologies and their impact on river ecosystems. By characterizing different river morphologies using sinuosity, the researchers used a River 2D model to simulate and analyze these changes. The results showed that a lower sinuosity led to worse depth and velocity diversity, while a higher sinuosity did not necessarily result in better depth and velocity diversity. This study highlights the importance of ecological engineering in adjusting river planform to increase the diversity of river/channel geometry and support ecological restoration efforts.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jung-Eun Gu, Joongu Kang, Sang Hwa Jung
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between underwater acoustic characteristics and hydraulic factors of 12 habitat types in Namdae Stream in Yangyang, Korea. The results show that there is a negative correlation between underwater sound levels and flow velocity in riffles, and a positive correlation between sound levels and water depth in pools. This suggests that underwater sound can be used as an alternative method for evaluating biological habitats.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiaqi Wen, Lei Duan, Bin Wang, Qian Dong, Yanchen Liu, Jun Huang, Gang Yu
Summary: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a promising technique for monitoring the use of antiviral drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study developed an analytical method for quantification of 17 antiviral drugs and investigated their stability in sewer systems. Nine drugs were found to be stable and recommended as biomarkers for WBE, while eight drugs showed attenuation due to adsorption, biodegradation, and diffusion. The study also highlighted the importance of flow velocity and proposed a framework for evaluating biomarker stability based on residence time and removal mechanisms.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katharina Bensing, Jeffrey A. Tuhtan, Gert Toming, Ali Hassan Khan, Boris Lehmann
Summary: Fish body geometry has a significant influence on swimming velocity, reducing the flow field upstream of the fish at a distance of one body length. The upstream velocity profiles from different fish species can be normalized to a single fit curve based on fish body length and freestream velocity. Traditional point velocity measurements overlook the effect of fish body on upstream flow, resulting in biased representation of fish velocity in subcritical flowing waters.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ken Schoutens, Marte Stoorvogel, Mario van den Berg, Kim van den Hoven, Tjeerd J. Bouma, Stefan Aarninkhof, Peter M. J. Herman, Jantsje M. van Loon-Steensma, Patrick Meire, Jonas Schoelynck, Patrik Peeters, Stijn Temmerman
Summary: This study investigates the stability of tidal marshes under high flow velocities through flume tests. The results show that erosion of the marshes is minimal and the vegetation can recover quickly even under high flow conditions. These findings provide initial evidence for considering tidal marshes as part of flood defense measures.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chan Jin Park, Jonghyun Ha, Jae Hong Lee, Ho-Young Kim
Summary: Immediate coalescence of oil drops with oil films on micropillar arrays provides additional drainage paths for the intervening film, facilitating drop-film coalescence and efficient demulsification of oil drops in contaminated water.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Lie-Dong Mi, Yun-Long Zhou, Mei Yang
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamics and stability of a cantilevered piping system conveying slug flow using the stable slug flow model and hysteretic model. Galerkin truncation technique and eigenvalue analysis are used to solve the model equations. Argand diagrams and stability maps are employed to analyze the effects of gas and liquid velocities and structural damping on the system. The results show that superficial gas velocities have a negative influence on stability, while superficial liquid velocities have a positive effect. Structural damping can improve the stability of high superficial gas velocity systems. The findings of this study are important for designing operating parameters to ensure the safety of piping systems.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Victor Dupuis, Laura Schraen, Olivier Eiff
Summary: Flow experiments were conducted in a two-stage compound open-channel using LS-PIV to investigate the shear layers at the interface between the main channel and floodplain. Two different types of shear layers were identified, characterized by the presence of large-scale quasi-periodic structures and smaller-scale vortical structures. The shear parameter lambda was identified as a key parameter to distinguish between the two types of shear layers, with its threshold value dependent on the level of ambient turbulence. The two types of shear layers have similar efficiency in generating turbulent shear stress, except for lambda-values close to the threshold value.
EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sadegh Rostami Dehjalali, Ehsan Khavasi, Parsa Nazmi
Summary: This study evaluates the prevalence of Holmboe waves in an intrusive gravity current containing particles using large eddy simulation. The study finds the occurrence of secondary rotation, wave stretching, and fluid ejection at the interface between the currents. Results show that the density difference between the currents affects Holmboe instability, but a reduction in density difference does not consistently affect frequency, growth rate, and phase speed. Small particles do not affect Holmboe instability, while larger particles make the current unstable and alter the characteristics of Holmboe instability. The study also explores the effects of particle diameter size and bed slope angle on Holmboe and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ting Shang, Jiaxin Lu, Ying Luo, Song Wang, Zhengyu He, Aobo Wang
Summary: The study reveals significant variations in car-following behavior across different types of tunnels and consecutive sections of the same tunnel. As tunnel length increases, the driving stability of following vehicles decreases, but the level of driving safety risk is not positively correlated with tunnel length. Significant vehicle trajectory oscillation is observed within the inner sections of long and extra-long tunnels, and a significant relationship between the acceleration of following vehicles and the location within the tunnel section is found.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
A. V. Rosca, N. C. Rosca, I. Pop
Summary: This study presents a detailed analysis of the three-dimensional stagnation-point for mixed convection flow past a vertical surface with first-order and second-order velocity slips. The governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using a similarity transformation and numerically solved using MATLAB. The effects of governing parameters on various flow and heat transfer characteristics are presented in graphs and tables. The study also reveals the existence of dual solutions for both assisting and opposing flows, with one solution being stable and the other unstable. The results emphasize the strong influence of mixed convection and velocity slip parameters on the flow characteristics.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS-ENGLISH EDITION
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Shahrul Aida Ab Rasid, Syed M. Mahmood, Nor Idah Kechut, Saeed Akbari
Summary: Oil presence decreases foam stability, while increasing NP concentration, decreasing NP size, temperature, NP retention, and salinity lead to increased stability. Optimum points exist for parameters like NP surface wettability, NP types, and shear rate/flow velocity for best foam performance. NP loss in a porous medium is an economically damaging process, and identifying mechanisms and strategies for minimizing their influence is crucial for future research.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Hugo Sentenac, Adeline Loyau, Josephine Leflaive, Dirk S. Schmeller
Summary: Biofilms are matrix-enclosed communities that are dominant in microbial life on Earth, playing important roles in various environments. Despite this significance, their importance is not well understood by the general public, conservation practitioners, and policymakers. Their impact on disease transmission and environmental health remains poorly understood.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vinita Vijayaraj, Nora Kipferler, Herwig Stibor, Joey Allen, Franz Hoelker, Martin Laviale, Josephine Leflaive, Gregorio Alejandro Lopez Moreira Mazacotte, Bastian Herbert Polst, Mechthild Schmitt-Jansen, Sabine Hilt, Elisabeth Maria Gross
Summary: Upscaling from indoor microcosms to outdoor mesocosms is challenging due to the differences in water types and biodiversity, which may mask the stressor effects observed in controlled experiments.
Article
Ecology
Westrelin Samuel, Bouletreau Stephanie, Santoul Frederic
Summary: Hypoxic events are increasingly severe in freshwater ecosystems due to human activities. In a study conducted in southeastern France, European catfish were found to withstand very low dissolved oxygen concentrations and increased their activity and visited a larger surface area during a hypoxic event. This ability, along with their high optimum temperature range, could give catfish a competitive advantage over other predatory species in the context of global change.
Article
Fisheries
Alexis Imbert, Julien Cucherousset, Nathalie Parthuisot, Stephanie Bouletreau
Summary: Recreational fishing provides a potential nutrition supplement to freshwater ecosystems through groundbaiting. The C:N:P composition of angling baits affects microbial decomposition, with faster decomposition for more industrialised baits. Compared to natural subsidies, angling baits are more conducive to bacterial growth.
FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Mariia Kryvokhyzhyna, Nabil Majdi, Anna Oprei, Michael Mutz, Ute Risse-Buhl
Summary: The migration of stream sediments affects the structure and characteristics of meiobenthic communities, as well as the energy flow paths in benthic food webs.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Camille Courcoul, Josephine Leflaive, Jessica Ferriol, Stephanie Bouletreau
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of dry period intensity and water warming on the sensitivity of aquatic biofilms to agricultural runoff pollution. It was found that the combination of dry period intensity and water warming significantly altered the sensitivity of biofilms to pollutants.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Vinita Vijayaraj, Martin Laviale, Joey Allen, Nellya Amoussou, Sabine Hilt, Franz Holker, Nora Kipferler, Gregorio A. Lopez Moreira M, Bastian H. Polst, Mechthild Schmitt-Jansen, Herwig Stibor, Elisabeth M. Gross
Summary: This study investigates the effects of agricultural runoff and climate warming on shallow lakes and their ecological services. The results show that pesticides and nitrate have negative impacts on different trophic levels in the lake ecosystem, while climate warming modifies these effects. The study emphasizes the importance of considering multiple stressor scenarios in ecosystem-level studies and highlights the need for defining safe operating spaces.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Nabil Majdi, Lizaan de Necker, Hendrika Fourie, Ane Loggenberg, Edward C. Netherlands, Jasmine Bunte-Tschikin, Walter Traunspurger, Gerhard C. du Preez
Summary: Meiobenthos, or meiofauna, play an important role in linking microbial production to higher trophic levels in rivers. However, their communities in Africa remain poorly studied. This research sampled meio- and macrobenthic invertebrate communities along rivers in the Kruger National Park and found differences in community structure across rivers and along an upstream-downstream gradient. The results suggest that protected river reaches have a beneficial effect on benthic invertebrate diversity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bastian H. Polst, Sabine Hilt, Herwig Stibor, Franz Hoelker, Joey Allen, Vinita Vijayaraj, Nora Kipferler, Josephine Leflaive, Elisabeth M. Gross, Mechthild Schmitt-Jansen
Summary: Excessive nutrient loading in aquatic ecosystems can lead to regime shifts from macrophyte- to phytoplankton-dominated states, with interactions between warming, nitrate, and pesticides potentially exacerbating this shift. Understanding the effects of multiple stressors on ecosystem resilience and critical thresholds for regime shifts is crucial for defining safe operating spaces in aquatic systems.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Bianca Kreuzinger-Janik, Walter Traunspurger, Nabil Majdi
Summary: Moss patches at the interface between terrestrial and limnic ecosystems are colonized by various types of animals. Mosses primarily serve as a substrate for epiphytic biofilms, which are the main food resource for invertebrates. The moss-dwelling community in the lake has lower trophic redundancy and occupies a larger isotopic space compared to the stream. The delta C-13 range is significantly larger in the lake, while the delta N-15 range is similar in both habitats. Despite their small body sizes, certain invertebrates may occupy apex positions in moss food webs.
Article
Plant Sciences
Camille Courcoul, Martin Laviale, Vincent Baillard, Elise Billoir, Josephine Leflaive, Stephanie Bouletreau
Summary: The increasing intensity and duration of heatwaves are posing challenges to microalgal photosynthesis in shallow waters. The impact of short extreme heat stress events during a heatwave on photosynthesis impairment or limitation remains unknown. This study explores the importance of microalgal diversity and thermal history in response to severe heat stress in phototrophic biofilms. The results show that the thermal history plays a crucial role in heat stress tolerance, while the microalgal diversity drives the responsiveness to heat stress. Overall, even moderate heat stress can significantly impair primary productivity in shallow waters, thus highlighting the importance of this study.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Julia Pasqualini, Nabil Majdi, Mario Brauns
Summary: Estimates of secondary production are affected by sampling methods' efficiency in capturing macroinvertebrate community abundances and body lengths. The efficiency of common methods is poorly understood. Comparisons between a Surber sampler and a Freeze corer in a forested stream showed differences in macroinvertebrate abundance and biomass. The incomplete sampling of body lengths and abundance underestimated total secondary production by 48% (Surber) and 49% (Freeze corer). Reducing mesh size from 250 to 100 μm could decrease underestimation to about 12%. These results enhance the efficiency of sampling methods and provide reliable quantification of macroinvertebrate role in stream ecosystems.
Article
Zoology
Nabil Majdi, Hendrik Fueser, Marie-Theres Rauchschwalbe, Birgit Gansfort, Jana Uthoff, Bianca Kreuzinger-Janik, Christoph Ptatscheck, Janina Schenk, Stefanie Gehner, Hubert Spieth, Benjamin Wilden, Sebastian Hoss
Summary: In this article, we pay tribute to Professor Walter Traunspurger for his achievements and contributions to the fields of nematology and ecology. Throughout his career, he has supervised numerous students and published over 200 research articles in top-tier journals. His expertise and broad research interests have made him an invaluable source of knowledge and inspiration for his students and colleagues. By summarizing and sharing his scientific accomplishments, we hope to inspire the next generation of nematologists and ecologists to continue his legacy and explore the promising avenues of research he has opened up.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aline Reis de Carvalho, Alexis Imbert, Ben Parker, Axelle Euphrasie, Stephanie Bouletreau, J. Robert Britton, Julien Cucherousset
Summary: The study found microplastic contamination in fishing baits, with different concentrations found in different bait categories and from different companies. The contamination was positively correlated with the C:N ratio of the baits, indicating higher contamination in baits with more plant-based ingredients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
