Article
Plant Sciences
Leslie N. Aldrich, Joanna E. Burdette, Esperanza Carcache de Blanco, Christopher C. Coss, Alessandra S. Eustaquio, James R. Fuchs, A. Douglas Kinghorn, Amanda MacFarlane, Brittney K. Mize, Nicholas H. Oberlies, Jimmy Orjala, Cedric J. Pearce, Mitch A. Phelps, Liva Harinantenaina Rakotondraibe, Yulin Ren, Djaja Doel Soejarto, Brent R. Stockwell, Jack C. Yalowich, Xiaoli Zhang
Summary: Research progress in the discovery of potential anticancer agents from various organisms has been summarized. Lead compounds with structural diversity have been obtained, and potential antitumor activities have been demonstrated. Further investigations are warranted for promising lead compounds.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Blaise Kimbadi Lombe, Lea Winand, Jan Diettrich, Melanie Tobermann, Wolf Hiller, Marcel Kaiser, Markus Nett
Summary: In this study, we report the discovery of massinidine, an aguanidine alkaloid with antiplasmodial activity, from bacteria of the genus Massilia. The biosynthetic genes of massinidine were identified and validated through heterologous expression. Bioinformatic analysis reveals the widespread potential for massinidine biosynthesis in various proteobacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Tian Yan, Liuchuan Guo, Xiaoning Jiang, Hongzhi Wang, Zhonghui Yao, Siming Zhu, Youxiang Diao, Yi Tang
Summary: Using NGS technology, a novel recombinant cluster 2 avian orthoreovirus variant named PHC-2020-0545 with distinct genetic characteristics was identified. Multiple segmental recombination, intra-segmental recombination, and point mutations likely contributed to its emergence. This strain had strong replication ability and affected broilers' movement, digestion, and metabolism.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yanhao Zhang, Yuanyuan Song, Yi-Jie Chen, Yanyan Chen, Yan Lu, Ruijin Li, Chuan Dong, Di Hu, Zongwei Cai
Summary: The study identified emerging sulfur-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PASHs) in PM2.5 collected from two typical regions in China, providing insights into their contamination sources and potential health risks, and highlighting the need for further investigations to address pollutant-induced health concerns in severely polluted regions.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
S. M. Tikoo, J. Jung
Summary: This study tested whether lunar samples could have been magnetized during return to Earth, sample handling, or transport. The results showed that high coercivity magnetizations observed within lunar rocks are generally not magnetic contamination and were initially acquired on the Moon.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ester M. Eckert, Silvia Galafassi, Marcela Bastidas Navarro, Andrea Di Cesare, Gianluca Corno
Summary: Stochastic or deterministic processes control the assembly of bacterial communities in aquatic environments exposed to antibiotics. Microdiversity influences the stability of freshwater communities, causing rare taxa to become abundant when disturbance occurs. Disturbance by antibiotics increases the similarity between bacterial communities from different freshwater systems, but the similarity decreases when the antibiotic pressure is released. Antibiotics impact bacterial communities at both the cell and community level, altering phenotypes, genotypes, and bacterial interactions.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Teodors Pantelejevs, Pedro Zuazua-Villar, Oliwia Koczy, Andrew J. Counsell, Stephen J. Walsh, Naomi S. Robertson, David R. Spring, Jessica A. Downs, Marko Hyvonen
Summary: We present a method for preparing and evaluating stapled peptides using recombinant expression and chemical reactions instead of solid-phase synthesis. Our results demonstrate that BRC-repeat-derived stapled peptides can disrupt RAD51 recombinase and we elucidate the atomic-level features of the staple moieties.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
G. Avice, M. M. M. Meier, Y. Marrocchi
Summary: Carbonaceous chondrites provide important insights into the formation of the solar system. This study focuses on the carbon-rich Tarda and Tagish Lake meteorites and finds that their noble gas isotopic compositions suggest similar formation environments. Furthermore, the study reveals an anti-correlation between the radiogenic excesses of 129Xe and the iodine and carbon contents in carbonaceous chondrites, indicating a xenon dilution effect. The data also suggest that Tarda and Tagish Lake accreted in cold regions of the disk beyond 10 astronomical units.
GEOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Christopher J. Day, Alvin W. Lo, Lauren E. Hartley-Tassell, M. Pilar Argente, Jessica Poole, Nathan P. King, Joe Tiralongo, Michael P. Jennings, Mark A. Schembri
Summary: This study focused on dissecting the receptor specificity of different CU fimbriae in Escherichia coli using a glycan array analysis approach with whole-bacterial-cell surface plasmon resonance. The research revealed new information on fimbrial specificity and provided a rapid and scalable system to define novel adhesin-glycan interactions underlying bacterial colonization and disease. The findings contribute to a better understanding of bacterial adhesion mechanisms and offer a promising strategy to combat antibiotic resistance through blocking adhesion.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Elias Akoury, Najwa Mansour, Ghina Abdul Reda, Hani Dimassi, Layal Karam, Nisreen Alwan, Hussein F. Hassan
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze toxic metals in rice from Lebanon and UAE, determine their contamination factors, and evaluate the potential health risks from rice consumption. The results indicate that a significant number of rice samples exceeded international limits for As, Cd, Hg, and Pb, with variations observed between Lebanon and UAE. Factors such as brand, country of origin, and collection time were found to play a significant role in rice contamination.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shunan Tao, Yang Wang, Ran Hong, Sha-Hua Huang
Summary: Lemonomycin is a unique glycosylated tetrahydroisoquinoline antibiotic with potent antibacterial activity and complex structure. The unique deoxy aminosugar-lemonose in lemonomycin plays a crucial role in biological activity. The integration of biosynthesis and chemical synthesis is necessary for the development of novel antibiotics to combat antibiotic-resistant infections.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jie Long, Shixi Zhang, Kunli Luo
Summary: Molybdenum enrichment in Ordovician and Silurian stone coals in central China shows great potential as an alternative source of molybdenum, with concentrations 99 times higher than the global average. Future studies should focus on the ecological effects and cost savings of molybdenum extraction from stone coal.
Article
Water Resources
Fazrul Razman Sulaiman, Noorfazira Mohamed, Ahmad Zaharin Aris
Summary: This study analyzed the concentrations of metals in drinking water in Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The results showed that the concentrations of metals, except for lead, were below the drinking water limitation standards set by the Malaysia Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization. Children were found to be more susceptible to metal exposure through drinking water than adults. Therefore, comprehensive continuous monitoring of metal concentrations in potable water, especially for semi-urban areas, is recommended to minimize health risks.
APPLIED WATER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sylvia L. Hanna, Saumil Chheda, Ryther Anderson, Debmalya Ray, Christos D. Malliakas, Julia G. Knapp, Ken-ichi Otake, Peng Li, Penghao Li, Xingjie Wang, Megan C. Wasson, Katarina Zosel, Austin M. Evans, Lee Robison, Timur Islamoglu, Xuan Zhang, William R. Dichtel, J. Fraser Stoddart, Diego A. Gomez-Gualdron, Laura Gagliardi, Omar K. Farha
Summary: In this study, the spontaneous de-interpenetration phenomenon in a uranium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) was discovered. The repulsion between charged point-point interactions was found to drive this phenomenon, leading to the formation of open pore structures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matheus Teixeira, Ricardo Cesar, Denis Abessa, Celeste Siqueira, Rodrigo Lourenco, Mariana Vezzone, Yan Fernandes, Gustavo Koifman, Fernando Cesar Perina, Roberto Meigikos dos Anjos, Helena Polivanov, Zuleica Castilhos
Summary: This study assessed the sediment quality of Tijuca Lagoon in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and found contamination and toxicity, such as PAHs and heavy metals, in the sediments. While PAH and metal concentrations were not significantly correlated with the mortality of burrowing amphipods, domestic sewage contributions and eutrophication had a significant impact on sediment toxicity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Virology
Krista A. Delviks-Frankenberry, Belete A. Desimmie, Vinay K. Pathak
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dandan Liu, Tanyaradzwa P. Ndongwe, Maritza Puray-Chavez, Mary C. Casey, Taisuke Izumi, Vinay K. Pathak, Philip R. Tedbury, Stefan G. Sarafianos
Article
Virology
Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Xayathed Somoulay, Jonathan M. O. Rawson, Jennifer A. Yoo, Vinay K. Pathak, Wei-Shau Hu
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chijioke N. Umunnakwe, Alice Duchon, Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Sheikh Abdul Rahman, Yang Liu, Jianbo Chen, Sheldon Tai, Vinay K. Pathak, Wei-Shau Hu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the cis-acting elements in the HIV-2 genome important for genome packaging, revealing a hierarchical nature of guanosine-containing sites with mutations at different sites affecting RNA packaging efficiency differently. Additionally, mutations at multiple sites can act synergistically to cause defects in genome packaging, providing key insights into the replication mechanisms of HIV-2.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jonathan M. O. Rawson, Alice Duchon, Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Vinay K. Pathak, Wei-Shau Hu
Summary: A novel cell-based luciferase complementation reporter assay has been developed to identify inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL(pro) in a BSL-2 setting. This assay can easily distinguish true 3CL(pro) inhibition from cytotoxicity, reducing false positives during screening and facilitating the identification of more potent inhibitors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chenglei Li, Ryan C. Burdick, Kunio Nagashima, Wei-Shau Hu, Vinay K. Pathak
Summary: The study showed that HIV-1 cores maintain their integrity until just before integration, losing a content marker approximately 1 to 3 minutes before uncoating. This suggests that viral cores retain their integrity and remain separated from the nuclear environment before uncoating occurs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Virology
Oya Cingoez, Nicolas D. Arnow, Mireia Puig Torrents, Norbert Bannert
Summary: Our research findings suggest that Vpx enhances ISG responses in myeloid cell lines and primary cells independently of its ability to degrade SAMHD1. These results demonstrate the potential undefined roles of Vpx in infected cells and have implications for studies on innate immunity in myeloid cells using Vpx delivery in HIV-1 infection.
Article
Biology
A. Rouf Banday, Olusegun O. Onabajo, Seraph Han-Yin Lin, Adeola Obajemu, Joselin M. Vargas, Krista A. Delviks-Frankenberry, Philippe Lamy, Ariunaa Bayanjargal, Clara Zettelmeyer, Oscar Florez-Vargas, Vinay K. Pathak, Lars Dyrskjot, Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
Summary: Research shows that different isoforms of APOBEC3B enzyme can impact progression-free survival in bladder cancer patients, with mutagenic isoforms correlating with shorter survival. By manipulating the inclusion/skipping of specific exons, it is possible to modulate the production of mutagenic enzymes and potentially limit APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Shuohui Liu, Jonathan P. Kitzrow, Yang Liu, Jonathan M. O. Rawson, Saurabh Shakya, Zetao Cheng, Vinay K. Pathak, Wei-Shau Hu, Karin Musier-Forsyth
Summary: HIV-1 differentiates between similar 1G and 3G RNAs based on their distinct structural ensembles, with 1G RNA exposing elements that promote dimerization and Gag binding for preferential packaging into viral particles.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ryan C. Burdick, Claire Deleage, Alice Duchon, Jacob D. Estes, Wei-Shau Hu, Vinay K. Pathak
Summary: The intranuclear positions of transcriptionally active HIV-1 proviruses are dynamically distributed and do not correlate with transcriptional activity. The distance from the nuclear envelope to the integration site varies among cell types. There is a dynamic relationship between nuclear domains and integration sites.
Article
Microbiology
Alice Duchon, Steven Santos, Jianbo Chen, Matthew Brown, Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Sheldon Tai, Jeffrey A. Chao, Eric O. Freed, Vinay K. Pathak, Wei-Shau Hu
Summary: HIV-1 Gag selects and packages the HIV RNA genome during virus assembly, with multimerization and plasma membrane anchoring properties playing critical roles in efficient genome packaging. Studying these properties can provide insights into the mechanisms of viral RNA packaging and assembly of infectious virions.
Article
Microbiology
Jonathan M. O. Rawson, Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Jennifer A. Yoo, Xayathed Somoulay, Matthew A. Brown, Franck S. Mbuntcha Bogni, Vinay K. Pathak, Ferri Soheilian, Ryan L. Slack, Stefan G. Sarafianos, Wei-Shau Hu
Summary: Novel retroviruses can emerge from recombination between distantly related retroviruses. These recombinants may initially have replication defects, but they can adapt and enhance their replication by acquiring substitutions.
Article
Microbiology
Ryan C. Burdick, Claire Deleage, Alice Duchon, Jacob D. Estes, Wei-Shau Hu, Vinay K. Pathak
Summary: The intranuclear distribution of HIV-1 proviruses is dynamic, with the distance from the nuclear envelope not correlating with transcriptional activity. Transcriptionally active proviruses become randomly distributed throughout the nucleus after several cell divisions.
