Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ruibing Dong, Chengwu You
Summary: This paper presents a 220 GHz x 2 amplifier-doubler chain fabricated with commercial 40 nm bulk CMOS technology. The chain includes a rat-race balun, a 6-stage driver amplifier, and a frequency doubler. The measured results show that the presented structure achieves a higher output power and provides the highest output power among reported frequency doublers fabricated in CMOS technology.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jin-Fa Chang, Yo-Sheng Lin
Summary: The paper presents a low-loss, high-linearity DC-38 GHz CMOS SPDT switch for 5G multi-band communications, achieving optimized insertion loss and isolation levels across different frequency bands through the use of traveling-wave matching and pi-matching. At 28 GHz, the switch achieved one of the best IP1dB results ever reported in the millimeter-wave range.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ning-Zheng Sun, Hui-Yang Li, Jin-Xu Xu, Li Gao, Xiu Yin Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a 52-65 GHz frequency quadrupler with low conversion loss and high harmonic rejection ratio based on 28-nm bulk CMOS process. It includes two stages balanced frequency push-push doublers cascaded with common-gate buffers. A series LC pair is placed between the doublers and the buffer of the first stage to improve conversion gain and suppress unwanted fundamental signals. The proposed design exhibits advantages in conversion gain and harmonic rejection ratio, making it suitable for high-performance mm-Wave LO chain.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Feng Sun, Xinran Yang, Zubin Chen, Xunqian Tong
Summary: A novel methodology for designing on-chip resonators using broadside-coupled distributed capacitors is introduced, capable of generating resonance at any specified frequency. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, with a resonator designed to resonate at approximately 47 GHz.
MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Feng Qiu, Haoshen Zhu, Wenquan Che, Quan Xue
Summary: An odd-element half-wave-rectification superposition (OHS) technique is proposed for designing high-multiplication factor frequency multipliers. Compared with the reported even-element half-wave-rectification superposition (EHS) technique, the OHS technique can achieve the same multiplication factor with half the number of input signals.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Weihan Gao, Peng Gu, Dixian Zhao
Summary: This brief introduces a 5-bit switched-type attenuator (STA) that operates from DC to 87.8 GHz. The brief proposes a new II-type compensation method with a switched capacitor branch, which effectively reduces phase errors at high frequencies without compromising amplitude errors. The fabricated STA in 40-nm CMOS technology demonstrates a 15.5-dB attenuation range with a 0.5-dB tuning step.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rabi Shrestha, Hichem Guerboukha, Zhaoji Fang, Edward Knightly, Daniel M. Mittleman
Summary: As wireless communications move towards terahertz frequencies, new vulnerabilities are discovered. These vulnerabilities include high directional attacks, beat jamming, and asymmetric bit interference. The study reveals the distinct features of jamming at these high frequencies and quantifies the increasing susceptibility of broadband receivers to jamming.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jae-Hyun Park, Taewoo Yu, Eun-Bin Kim, Seung-Yeon Kim, Reem Song, Sangwook Nam, Byung-Sung Kim
Summary: This work presents a high angular resolution radar system operating at 94 GHz, utilizing a 20-channel receiver and a single-channel transmitter. The system overcomes challenges associated with packaging, antenna integration, and LO distribution, achieving an angular resolution of 1.74 degrees.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Barnabe Carre, Adrien Chopard, Jean-Paul Guillet, Frederic Fauquet, Patrick Mounaix, Pierre Gellie
Summary: This paper presents the development, performance, integration, and implementation of a 150 GHz FMCW radar based on a homodyne harmonic mixing scheme for noncontact, nondestructive testing. The system offers high-dynamic-range measurement capabilities up to 100 dB and measurement rates up to 7.62 kHz. The interesting characteristics of this system make it attractive for imaging applications or contactless sensing. Numerous samples of different materials and geometries were imaged, and new applicative fields such as food industry and pharmaceutical packaging were explored, taking into account the nonionizing capability of the system.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zheng Lin, Lifeng Wang, Jie Ding, Yuedong Xu, Bo Tan
Summary: This paper designs a vehicle tracking and resource allocation system for terahertz (THz) vehicle-to-infrastructure communications (V2I) networks. With leaky-wave antennas equipped on roadside units (RSUs), the system estimates driving states of multiple vehicles and optimizes transmit power and bandwidth per vehicle based on their feedback. A novel unscented Kalman filter (UKF) based solution is proposed to track the vehicles without addressing the Doppler effect. Simulation results confirm the accuracy of the proposed tracking solution and the effectiveness of the resource allocation method in the multi-vehicle V2I scenario.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Huan Zhang, Sida Tang, Mengye Cai, Yanfeng Jiang
Summary: This article reviews the basic principles, circuit architectures, and key performances of RF mixers, as well as several aspects of optimization design and performance. It also discusses current challenges, future development, application areas, and prospects for mixers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RF AND MICROWAVE COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hao Wang, Jingjun Chen, Li Zhang, Xiaoguang Liu
Summary: This article introduces an optimization-based design methodology for high-power and high-efficiency millimeter-wave fundamental oscillators in CMOS. The study shows that T-embedding is superior to Pi-embedding in certain aspects. The proposed design approach can target high output power and high efficiency separately for an optimal design.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Optics
Yasaman Ghasempour, Yasith Amarasinghe, Chia-Yi Yeh, Edward Knightly, Daniel M. Mittleman
Summary: This paper investigates the usage of reflected non-line-of-sight (NLOS) paths for communication in directional networks at frequencies above 100 GHz. The study explores how high-gain directional antennas bring new challenges and opportunities for exploiting NLOS paths, demonstrating that NLOS paths can offer higher data rates under certain circumstances, distinguishing THz wireless systems from those operating at lower frequencies.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yuan Zheng, Calvin Domier, Michelle Gonzalez, Neville C. Luhmann, Diana Gamzina
Summary: Sub-terahertz ground-penetrating radar systems offer an alternative to radio wave-based systems in the airborne imaging of buried objects. Experimental results show that imaging in the 100-150 GHz frequency range is feasible but significantly restricted by the attenuation characteristics of the medium covering the targets. A higher power source and more sensitive receiving components are essential for increasing the penetration capability and expanding the application settings of this approach.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jiafu Lin, He Peng, Qichao Yang, Roc Berenguer, Gui Liu
Summary: This paper presents a compact and highly efficient mm-wave transmitter utilizing the injection-locked binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) technology, which can deliver an output of 10.2 dBm with an efficiency over 10%. The proposed transmitter occupies only 0.105 mm(2) chip area in a 65 nm CMOS process.
Review
Physics, Applied
Minoru Fujishima
Summary: The 300 GHz band, identified for wireless applications, has potential for higher transmission rates and low atmospheric attenuation. While compound semiconductors have been used for ultrahigh-frequency transceivers, CMOS integrated circuits are advantageous for practical applications. This paper presents a 300 GHz single chip transceiver using CMOS integrated circuits and discusses the challenges of utilizing 300 GHz ultrafast communication for long-distance transmission.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kenji Ohmori, Shuhei Amakawa
Summary: The study demonstrates the on-wafer evaluation of white thermal and shot noise in nanoscale MOSFETs by directly sensing the drain current, without the need for a hot noise source. It proposes an empirical expression for the Fano factor that is suitable for measurement-based evaluation, allowing for more accurate and predictive noise modeling of RF MOSFETs.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sangyeop Lee, Shuhei Amakawa, Takeshi Yoshida, Shisuke Hara, Minoru Fujishima
Summary: The 40-nm CMOS receiver presented is capable of performing A-to-D-converter-less carrier recovery, including frequency and phase tracking, and coherent QPSK demodulation. It operates in frequency-acquisition mode, followed by phase-tracking mode, achieving a maximum data rate of 32 Gbit/s. Additionally, it dissipates 351 mW, resulting in an energy-per-bit of 11 pJ/bit.
IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yohei Morishita, Sangyeop Lee, Toshihiro Teraoka, Ruibing Dong, Yuichi Kashino, Hitoshi Asano, Shinsuke Hara, Kyoya Takano, Kosuke Katayama, Takenori Sakamoto, Naganori Shirakata, Koji Takinami, Kazuaki Takahashi, Akifumi Kasamatsu, Takeshi Yoshida, Shuhei Amakawa, Minoru Fujishima
Summary: This paper demonstrates 300 GHz terahertz wireless communication using CMOS modules, introducing a self-heterodyne architecture to support OFDM. Real-time video transfer at a 10m communication distance validates the application based on 5G.
IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shinsuke Hara, Ruibing Dong, Sangyeop Lee, Kyoya Takano, Naoya Toshida, Akifumi Kasamatsu, Kunio Sakakibara, Takeshi Yoshida, Shuhei Amakawa, Minoru Fujishima
Summary: This paper presents a 76-Gbit/s 265-GHz CMOS receiver (RX) modularized with a WR-3.4 waveguide interface. The RX is fabricated using a 40-nm CMOS technology, and its design focuses on simplicity, resulting in low noise, low loss, and high conversion gain. The on-chip transmission lines are designed to be relatively insensitive to the presence or absence of adhesive covering the chip, allowing for both on-wafer and packaged measurements.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sangyeop Lee, Shuhei Amakawa, Takeshi Yoshida, Minoru Fujishima
Summary: This paper proposes a power-scalable wideband distributed amplifier and suggests reducing power consumption by lowering the supply voltage. To overcome the hurdle of transistor threshold voltage, a CMOS deeply channel design is used.
IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shuhei Amakawa, Ryotaro Sugimoto, Korkut Kaan Tokgoz, Sangyeop Lee, Hiroyuki Ito, Ryoko Kishikawa
Summary: This paper develops a signal flow graph (SFG) representation of the small-signal responses of nonlinear microwave circuits using X-parameters. It emphasizes the inclusion of negative-frequency nodes and unravels the circuit-operational meaning of T-type small-signal X-parameters. The SFG is used to derive a closed-form expression of the amplifier output power in terms of the load reflection coefficient and plot load-pull power contours.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Minoru Fujishima
Summary: This paper discusses the potential application of terahertz communications in future communication systems, clarifies the relationship between carrier frequency and propagation distance, demonstrates the possibility of long-distance communication even with terahertz communication, and explores the hardware requirements for implementing such communication.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RADIO-FREQUENCY INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGY (RFIT 2022)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shunsuke Yabuki, Shinichiro Fujimoto, Shuhei Amakawa, Takeshi Yoshida, Minoru Fujishima
Summary: This paper presents a frequency-response tunable CMOS IF amplifier for 300-GHz wireless communications, with a wide bandwidth and high gain for frequency-domain equalization at IF.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RADIO-FREQUENCY INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGY (RFIT 2022)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sangyeop Lee, Kosuke Katayama, Kyoya Takano, Masao Fujita, Masayuki Toyoda, Shinsuke Hara, Issei Watanabe, Akifumi Kasamatsu, Shuhei Amakawa, Takeshi Yoshida, Minoru Fujishima
Summary: A method is demonstrated to improve measurement accuracy for a back-radiation on-chip antenna by reducing electromagnetic-wave reflection caused by the material beneath the chip substrate, thus reducing the input-impedance variance at the feeding port.
2022 IEEE 34TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROELECTRONIC TEST STRUCTURES (ICMTS)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuta Sako, Tomohiro Kobayashi, Shinsuke Hara, Shuhei Amakawa, Takeshi Yoshida, Minoru Fujishima
Summary: This study presents the successful implementation of a CMOS down-conversion mixer with a bandwidth of 254 GHz to 299 GHz using a 45 nm SOI CMOS process. Experimental results showed a conversion gain of -16.5 dB and SSB NF of 26.5 dB at a power consumption of 81.1 mW for the prototype chip. Simulation results indicated that incorporating a local oscillator could improve the conversion gain and SSB NF to -4.16 dB and 15.3 dB, respectively.
2022 IEEE 65TH INTERNATIONAL MIDWEST SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (MWSCAS 2022)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Toyoyuki Hagiwara, Natsu Yamaki, Koki Sekine, Hajime Sakai, Kenta Sahara, Kyoya Takano, Shinsuke Hara, Sangyeop Lee, Ruibing Dong, Satoru Tanoi, Shunichi Kubo, Satoshi Miura, Akifumi Kasamatsu, Takeshi Yoshida, Shuhei Amakawa, Kunio Sakakibara, Yohtaro Umeda, Minoru Fujishima
Summary: This paper introduces a 258-GHz CMOS transmitter with phase-shifting capability for sixth-generation mobile networks (6G), using power detectors for calibration. It achieves a data rate of 16 Gb/s and an output power of -6.8 dBm through QPSK modulation. The calibration procedure for the phase shifters is verified through simulation.
2021 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS)
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kenji Ohmori, Shuhei Amakawa
Summary: The research characterized the broadband noise of MOSFETs from room temperature down to 120 K in fine temperature steps, showing that at low frequencies activation energies associated with electron trapping sites can be extracted, while at high frequencies the white noise of MOSFETs is dominated by shot noise with weaker temperature dependence than thermal noise. Shot noise will be a problematic noise source in broadband RF CMOS circuits operating at cryogenic temperatures.
IEEE JOURNAL OF THE ELECTRON DEVICES SOCIETY
(2021)
