Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Annalisa Schiepatti, David S. Sanders, Paola Baiardi, Giacomo Caio, Carolina Ciacci, Katri Kaukinen, Benjamin Lebwohl, Daniel Leffler, Georgia Malamut, Joseph A. Murray, Kamran Rostami, Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Umberto Volta, Federico Biagi
Summary: This study achieved a consensus on the definitions and diagnostic criteria for seronegative coeliac disease and chronic non-coeliac enteropathies in adults through the Delphi process.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Flavia Persechino, Gloria Galli, Severino Persechino, Francesco Valitutti, Letizia Zenzeri, Angela Mauro, Vito Domenico Corleto, Pasquale Parisi, Chiara Ziparo, Melania Evangelisti, Giovanna Quatrale, Giovanni Di Nardo
Summary: Celiac disease is an immune-mediated enteropathy caused by gluten ingestion, affecting approximately 1% of the worldwide population. Extraintestinal symptoms, such as dermatitis herpetiformis, may be the first signs of CD. The role of a gluten-free diet is crucial for improving symptoms associated with CD, including skin manifestations.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anais Levescot, Georgia Malamut, Nadine Cerf-Bensussan
Summary: Coeliac disease is an immune enteropathy induced by genetic and environmental factors. The antigluten immune response and epithelial damage are key events in its pathogenesis, with the JAK/STAT pathway playing a crucial role. However, there are still many unanswered questions and challenges, such as the variability of the disease and improving the patients' quality of life.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anupam Rej, David S. Sanders
Summary: Coeliac disease is a common autoimmune-mediated gastrointestinal disorder with a prevalence of around 1%, but many cases remain undiagnosed. The cornerstone of management is strict adherence to a gluten-free diet with support and education from a gastrointestinal dietitian, sometimes requiring re-evaluation of symptoms and repeat biopsies. Refractory CD affects a small subset of individuals and requires specialist intervention.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Carlo Catassi, Elena F. Verdu, Julio Cesar Bai, Elena Lionetti
Summary: Coeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the small intestine and caused by the ingestion of gluten. It has a complex immune response mechanism. The disease has diverse clinical symptoms, including gastrointestinal symptoms, extraintestinal manifestations, and subclinical cases. Diagnosis involves serological testing and small-intestinal biopsy, and treatment includes a gluten-free diet.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Moritz Kleinjans, Carolin Schneider, Tony Bruns, Pavel Strnad
Summary: Coeliac disease (CeD) shares similarities in morbidity and mortality with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), while the specific conditions of CeD may be driven by both inherited and acquired factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michal Kori, Yonatan Zamir, Sami Or Yermiyahu, Inessa Ainbinder, Svetlana Daichman, Gavriel David Pinto, Yiska Loewenberg Weisband, Shira Greenfeld, Revital Kariv, Natan Lederman, Eran Matz, Raanan Shamir, Iris Dotan, Dan Turner
Summary: This study found that the prevalence of coeliac disease (CeD) and coeliac autoimmunity (CeA) is higher in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), especially in paediatric-onset IBD and Crohn's disease (CD). The diagnosis of CeD usually precedes the diagnosis of IBD, and patients with both IBD and CeD receive more intensified treatment for IBD.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pilvi Laurikka, Laura Kivela, Kalle Kurppa, Katri Kaukinen
Summary: The systemic consequences of coeliac disease have a significant impact on the overall health of patients, affecting multiple organ systems including skeletal, reproductive, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. Early diagnosis and treatment with a gluten-free diet are beneficial for most conditions, but potential negative metabolic and psychosocial effects should be considered.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Antonio Rispo, Nicola Imperatore, Maria Guarino, Raffaella Tortora, Anna Alisi, Valentina Cossiga, Anna Testa, Simona Ricciolino, Andrea Fiorentino, Filomena Morisco
Summary: The study found that coeliac disease patients are at high risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) after commencing a gluten-free diet. MAFLD patients showed worse outcomes in insulin resistance, liver function, and lipid metabolism, while PNPLA3 gene polymorphisms were associated with the development of NAFLD.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Millie Newton, Emily A. Greenaway, William J. Holland, Suneil A. Raju, Anupam Rej, David S. Sanders
Summary: This study compared the clinical presentation of potential coeliac disease (PCD) with coeliac disease (CD). The findings showed that PCD patients had fewer extraintestinal manifestations and less haematinic deficiencies compared to CD patients. It was also observed that a gluten-free diet improved symptoms in PCD patients.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hugo A. Penny, Anupam Rej, Elisabeth M. R. Baggus, Sarah. H. Coleman, Rosalie Ward, Graeme Wild, Gerd Bouma, Nick Trott, John A. Snowden, Josh Wright, Simon S. Cross, Marios Hadjivassiliou, David S. Sanders
Summary: This study characterized the causes of non-responsive coeliac disease (NRCD) and provided contemporary mortality data in refractory coeliac disease (RCD). The study also found a high frequency of positive urine gluten immunogenic peptides (GIPs) in patients with RCD1, suggesting common gluten exposure in this group.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amnon Sonnenberg, Robert. M. M. Genta
Summary: This case-control study used a large histopathology database to investigate the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and coeliac disease. The study found a lower prevalence of coeliac disease in IBD patients (0.4%) compared to the control population (0.7%), while the prevalence of coeliac disease in microscopic colitis (MC) patients was higher (4.4%). The results suggest a possible bias in previous studies that reported a positive association between coeliac disease and IBD due to the inclusion of MC cases in the IBD patient population.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Denis Chang, Delia O'Shea, Amelie Therrien, Jocelyn A. Silvester
Summary: Coeliac disease, previously considered a childhood disease, can now occur in genetically susceptible individuals of any age. While HLA genotypes play a strong predictive role, other triggers of coeliac disease autoimmunity and their effects in adulthood are still not well-known. Understanding the factors leading to coeliac disease can aid in the management of potential coeliac disease patients and improve diagnostic and management approaches at different developmental stages.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fernando Fernandez-Banares, Sergio Farrais, Montserrat Planella, Josefa Melero, Natalia Lopez-Palacios, Santiago Vivas, Luis Fernandez-Salazar, Ana Pilar Lanzarote, Pablo Ruiz-Ramirez, Marta Aguilar-Criado, Judith Vidal, Aureli Esquerda, Cristina Serrano, Concepcion Nunez
Summary: Age affects the sensitivity of intraepithelial lymphocyte cytometric patterns in coeliac disease diagnosis, with patients aged 70 years and older having lower TCR gamma delta+ counts, and a cutoff of >10% being more accurate than >14%.
Article
Immunology
Davide Di Fusco, Maria Teresa Segreto, Andrea Iannucci, Claudia Maresca, Eleonora Franze, Giulia Di Maggio, Antonio Di Grazia, Siro Boccanera, Federica Laudisi, Irene Marafini, Omero Alessandro Paoluzi, Alessandro Michenzi, Giovanni Monteleone, Ivan Monteleone
Summary: ADAR1, an RNA-editing enzyme, is down-regulated in the gut mucosa of CD patients. Inhibition of ADAR1 enhances the occurrence and development of gut inflammation in CD patients. These findings suggest that ADAR1 plays an important regulatory role in intestinal immune homeostasis, and defective ADAR1 expression may contribute to amplified pathogenic responses in CD intestinal mucosa.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)