Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Irene Prediletto, Gilda Giancotti, Stefano Nava
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) leading to hospitalization are a significant health issue with implications for disease outcomes and healthcare resources. Severe AECOPD can result in acute respiratory failure (ARF) requiring admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) for invasive mechanical ventilation. AECOPD also poses comorbidity risks in critically ill patients, which are associated with poorer prognoses.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ana Mazur, Britta Tetzlaff, Tina Mallon, Berit Hesjedal-Streller, Vivien Weiss, Martin Scherer, Sascha Koepke, Katrin Balzer, Linda Steyer, Tim Friede, Sebastian Pfeiffer, Eva Hummers, Christiane Mueller
Summary: To improve collaboration between general practitioners and nurses in nursing homes, researchers developed an intervention package called interprof ACT. However, the implementation of this intervention did not have a significant impact on hospitalisation rates and other clinical parameters among nursing home residents.
Article
Rehabilitation
Yanan Zheng, Ying Zhang, Hongli Li, Lei Qiao, Weijie Fu, Long Yu, Gaiyan Li, Jianzhong Yang, Weidong Ni, Zhijie Yong, Yanmin Wang, Hang Fan
Summary: This study compared the effects of Liuzijue Qigong and conventional respiratory training on stroke patients and found that Liuzijue exercise showed more changes in improving trunk control ability, respiratory muscle functions, and activities of daily living ability in patients at an early recovery stage from stroke.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Ruth E. Barker, Samantha S. C. Kon, Stuart F. Clarke, Jenni Wenneberg, Claire M. Nolan, Suhani Patel, Jessica A. Walsh, Oliver Polgar, Matthew Maddocks, Morag Farquhar, Nicholas S. Hopkinson, Derek Bell, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, William D-C. Man
Summary: Pulmonary rehabilitation following hospitalisation for AECOPD is beneficial for patients' exercise capacity and quality of life. This study suggests that COPD discharge bundles delivered by PR practitioners can significantly increase the referral and uptake of post-hospitalisation PR. Closer integration between hospital and PR services may help improve the rates of post-hospitalisation PR referral and uptake.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kai Zhu, Jagdeep Gill, Ashley Kirkham, Joel Chen, Amy Ellis, Stephanie Crosbie, Holly Denson-Camp, Hannah Peters, Pat Camp
Summary: This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of in-hospital pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with AECOPD during the acute phase through a systematic review with meta-analysis. Data will be recorded using the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes and Study characteristics framework, and the quality of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and research conferences.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Konstantinos Bartziokas, Christos Kyriakopoulos, Evangelia Dounousi, Konstantinos Kostikas
Summary: The presence of MAB in patients with AECOPD is associated with more severe COPD, prolonged hospitalization, and increased risk of AECOPD and mortality at 1-year follow-up.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bettina Studer, Alicja Timm, Barbara J. Sahakian, Tobias Kalenscher, Stefan Knecht
Summary: The study introduced a strategy called upfront voluntary choice restriction, or "precommitment", to increase the amount of self-directed rehabilitative training in severely impaired stroke patients. This strategy was highly effective, with patients in the precommitment group performing twice as much cognitive training as the control group, leading to significantly better cognitive performance outcomes.
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Hamish J. C. McAuley, Theresa C. Harvey-Dunstan, Michelle Craner, Matthew Richardson, Sally J. Singh, Michael C. Steiner, Neil J. Greening
Summary: Acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) during hospital admission may cause a significant decrease in quadriceps muscle mass, with incomplete recovery after 3 months. Patients who are readmitted to hospital during the follow-up period experience the most sustained loss of muscle mass.
Review
Respiratory System
Debora Petry Moecke, Kai Zhu, Jagdeep Gill, Shanjot Brar, Polina Petlitsyna, Ashley Kirkham, Mirha Girt, Joel Chen, Hannah Peters, Holly Denson-Camp, Stephanie Crosbie, Pat G. Camp
Summary: This review suggests that it is safe and effective to provide pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) during hospitalization for individuals with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). In-hospital PR improves functional exercise capacity, quality of life, and lower limb strength without prolonging the hospital length of stay.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ciara McCormack, Brona Kehoe, Sarah J. Hardcastle, Noel McCaffrey, Andrew McCarren, Sean Gaine, Brian McCullagh, Niall Moyna
Summary: The study investigates the feasibility, acceptability, utility, and safety of a novel remotely supervised home-based exercise programme for PH patients. Home-based exercise programmes have the potential to increase the availability and accessibility of exercise training as an adjunct therapy in PH, improving quality of life and physical function.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ai Liu, Mian Li, Wenjin Gao, Xiaoke Wen, Hui Zhu, Yanyan Chen
Summary: This study aims to systematically evaluate the impact of customized rehabilitation nursing intervention on the postoperative restoration of respiratory functions in thoracic surgery patients. The existing evidence will be collected to assess the effectiveness and efficacy of this intervention.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Teri E. Nicholson, Karl A. Mayer, Sandrine H. Hazan, Michael J. Murray, Kyle S. Van Houtan, Christine M. DeAngelo, Andrew B. Johnson, Jessica A. Fujii
Summary: Enhancing vulnerable populations of wildlife through human intervention can contribute to the recovery of species and their ecosystems. Surrogate rearing and releasing of stranded orphans is an effective strategy for southern sea otters, as it provides them with the necessary skills for survival and reproduction in the wild. Monitoring and evaluating the success of this strategy using machine learning algorithms can further improve its effectiveness.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kathryn S. Hayward, Leonid Churilov, Emily J. Dalton, Amy Brodtmann, Bruce C. V. Campbell, David Copland, Numa Dancause, Erin Godecke, Tammy C. Hoffmann, Natasha A. Lannin, Matthew W. McDonald, Dale Corbett, Julie Bernhardt
Summary: The challenges of articulating dose in nonpharmacological stroke recovery research include the absence of specific internationally agreed dose reporting guidelines, inadequate conceptualization of dose, and unclear and inconsistent terminology. To address these challenges, a consistent approach to dose articulation is needed to stimulate critical thinking during intervention development and improve the accuracy of reported intervention doses.
Article
Respiratory System
Melitta A. McNarry, Ronan M. G. Berg, James Shelley, Joanne Hudson, Zoe L. Saynor, Jamie Duckers, Keir Lewis, Gwyneth A. Davies, Kelly A. Mackintosh
Summary: This study investigated the potential rehabilitative role of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in COVID-19 recovery and found that IMT can lead to clinically meaningful improvements in breathlessness and chest symptoms, as well as enhance respiratory muscle strength and aerobic fitness.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Helen L. Macintyre, Christina Mitsakou, Massimo Vieno, Mathew R. Heal, Clare Heaviside, Karen S. Exley
Summary: Exposure to ambient ozone (O3) is associated with impacts on human health, and the concentration of O3 is determined by emissions of precursor compounds such as NOx and VOCs. Future health burdens depend on climate and air quality policies. Simulating the future O3 concentrations in the UK indicates that emergency respiratory hospital admissions associated with short-term effects of O3 will increase by 4.2%, 4.5%, and 4.6% by 2030, 2040, and 2050, respectively. This increase is driven by reduced NO emissions and mainly occurs in areas with currently low O3 concentrations. While reducing emissions has overall benefits to population health, it may also result in local increases in O3 concentrations near population centers.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Claudia Crimi, Alberto Noto, Fabiana Madotto, Mariachiara Ippolito, Santi Nolasco, Raffaele Campisi, Stefano De Vuono, Giuseppe Fiorentino, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Athanasios Chalkias, Alessandro Libra, Alessio Mattei, Raffaele Scala, Enrico M. Clini, Begum Ergan, Manel Lujan, Joao Carlos Winck, Antonino Giarratano, Annalisa Carlucci, Cesare Gregoretti, Paolo Groff, Andrea Cortegiani
Summary: Among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and mild hypoxaemia, the use of HFNO did not significantly reduce the likelihood of escalation of respiratory support.
Letter
Respiratory System
A. Verduri, J. Hewitt, B. Carter, R. Tonelli, E. Clini, B. Beghe
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Iain Stewart, Joseph Jacob, Peter M. George, Philip L. Molyneaux, Joanna C. Porter, Richard J. Allen, Shahab Aslani, J. Kenneth Baillie, Shaney L. Barratt, Paul Beirne, Stephen M. Bianchi, John F. Blaikley, James D. Chalmers, Rachel C. Chambers, Nazia Chadhuri, Christopher Coleman, Guilhem Collier, Emma K. Denneny, Annemarie Docherty, Omer Elneima, Rachael A. Evans, Laura Fabbri, Michael A. Gibbons, Fergus Gleeson, Bibek Gooptu, Neil J. Greening, Beatriz Guillen Guio, Ian P. Hall, Neil A. Hanley, Victoria Harris, Ewen M. Harrison, Melissa Heightman, Toby E. Hillman, Alex Horsley, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Ian Jarrold, Simon R. Johnson, Mark G. Jones, Fasihul Khan, Rod Lawson, Olivia Leavy, Nazir Lone, Michael Marks, Hamish McAuley, Puja Mehta, Dhruv Parekh, Karen Piper Hanley, Manuela Plate, John Pearl, Krisnah Poinasamy, Jennifer K. Quint, Betty Raman, Matthew Richardson, Pilar Rivera-Ortega, Laura Saunders, Ruth Saunders, Malcolm G. Semple, Marco Sereno, Aarti Shikotra, A. John Simpson, Amisha Singapuri, David J. F. Smith, Mark Spears, Lisa G. Spencer, Stefan Stanel, David R. Thickett, A. A. Roger Thompson, Mathew Thorpe, Simon L. F. Walsh, Samantha Walker, Nicholas David Weatherley, Mark E. Weeks, Jim M. Wild, Dan G. Wootton, Chris E. Brightling, Ling-Pei Ho, Louise Wain, Gisli R. Jenkins
Summary: This study analyzed the data from the UK Interstitial Lung Disease Consortium (UKILD) post-COVID-19 study to estimate the prevalence of residual lung abnormalities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The results showed that approximately 11% of recovered COVID-19 patients had residual lung abnormalities, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Enya Daynes, Molly Baldwin, Neil J. Greening, Thomas Yates, Nicolette C. Bishop, George Mills, Matthew Roberts, Malik Hamrouni, Tatiana Plekhanova, Ioannis Vogiatzis, Carlos Echevarria, Rashmita Nathu, Hamish J. C. McAuley, Lorna Latimer, Jennifer Glennie, Francesca Chambers, Ruth Penfold, Emily Hume, Dimitrios Magaritis, Charikleia Alexiou, Sebastian Potthoff, Mitchell James Hogg, Catherine Haighton, Bethany Nichol, Olivia C. Leavy, Matthew Richardson, Omer Elneima, Amisha Singapuri, Marco Sereno, Ruth M. Saunders, Victoria C. Harris, Claire M. Nolan, Charlotte Bolton, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Ewen M. Harrison, Nazir Lone, Jennifer Quint, James D. Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Michael Marks, Krisnah Poinasamy, Betty Ramen, Louise V. Wain, Christopher Brightling, William D. -C. Man, Rachael Evans, Sally J. Singh
Summary: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions with usual care for COVID-19 patients. The results will be published in appropriate journals. Although rehabilitation interventions show promise in improving function and symptoms, there is limited evidence and more research is needed for validation.
Correction
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Enya Daynes, Molly Baldwin, Neil J. Greening, Thomas Yates, Nicolette C. Bishop, George Mills, Matthew Roberts, Malik Hamrouni, Tatiana Plekhanova, Ioannis Vogiatzis, Carlos Echevarria, Rashmita Nathu, Hamish J. C. McAuley, Lorna Latimer, Jennifer Glennie, Francesca Chambers, Ruth Penfold, Emily Hume, Dimitrios Megaritis, Charikleia Alexiou, Sebastian Potthof, Mitchell James Hogg, Catherine Haighton, Bethany Nichol, Olivia C. Leavy, Matthew Richardson, Omer Elneima, Amisha Singapuri, Marco Sereno, Ruth M. Saunders, Victoria C. Harris, Claire M. Nolan, Charlotte Bolton, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Ewen M. Harrison, Nazir Lone, Jennifer Quint, James D. Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Michael Marks, Krisnah Poinasamy, Betty Ramen, Louise V. Wain, Christopher Brightling, William D. -C. Man, Rachael Evans, Sally J. Singh
Article
Surgery
Francesco Mattioli, Edoardo Serafini, Alessandro Andreani, Gaia Cappiello, Daniele Marchioni, Massimo Pinelli, Roberto Tonelli, Enrico Clini, Alessandro Marchioni
Summary: This paper presents a case report of bronchoscopic fistula closure using autologous fascia lata graft placement in a patient with pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma. The esophageal stent was retained due to the high risk associated with its removal. After 7 months of treatment, no recurrence of tracheoesophageal fistula was observed.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alessia Verduri, Ben Carter, Ceara Rice, James Laraman, Eleanor Barton, Enrico Clini, Nick A. Maskell, Jonathan Hewitt
Summary: This article investigates the prevalence and impact of frailty in adult patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), asthma, and pleural disease. The prevalence of frailty in asthma was found to be 9.5%, and in ILD, it was 48%. The study also found that frail ILD patients have an increased risk of long-term mortality.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alessia Verduri, Ben Carter, James Laraman, Ceara Rice, Enrico Clini, Nick Anthony Maskell, Jonathan Hewitt
Summary: Frailty increases vulnerability to adverse outcomes, and it is common in patients with COPD. This study found a significant association between frailty and higher mortality risk in COPD patients. Frailty was also positively associated with hospital readmissions and all cause hospitalizations.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro Marchioni, Roberto Tonelli, Anna Valeria Samarelli, Gaia Francesca Cappiello, Alessandro Andreani, Luca Tabbi, Francesco Livrieri, Annamaria Bosi, Ottavia Nori, Francesco Mattioli, Giulia Bruzzi, Daniele Marchioni, Enrico Clini
Summary: Primary tracheal tumors are rare, accounting for approximately 0.1-0.4% of malignant diseases. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma are the most common types. While surgery and radiotherapy are often effective treatments, unresectable, recurrent, and metastatic tumors may require systemic therapy. Targeted therapy against driver mutations has shown promise as an alternative to chemotherapy for more advanced cases. This review highlights the current understanding of the molecular biology and preliminary data on targeted treatments for primary tracheal tumors, focusing on salivary-gland-derived cancers and squamous cell carcinoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Christopher E. Brightling, Rachael A. Evans, Amisha Singapuri, Nikki Smith, Louise Wain
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Betty Raman, Celeste McCracken, Mark P. Cassar, Alastair J. Moss, Lucy Finnigan, Azlan Helmy A. Samat, Godwin Ogbole, Elizabeth M. Tunnicliffe, Fidel Alfaro-Almagro, Ricarda Menke, Cheng Xie, Fergus Gleeson, Elena Lukaschuk, Hanan Lamlum, Kevin McGlynn, Iulia A. Popescu, Zeena-Britt Sanders, Laura Saunders, Stefan K. Piechnik, Vanessa M. Ferreira, Chrysovalantou Nikolaidou, Najib M. Rahman, Ling-Pei Ho, Victoria C. Harris, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha Singapuri, Paul Pfeffer, Charlotte Manisty, Onn Min Kon, Mark Beggs, Declan P. O'Regan, Jonathan Fuld, Jonathan R. Weir-McCall, Dhruv Parekh, Rick Steeds, Krisnah Poinasamy, Dan J. Cuthbertson, Graham J. Kemp, Malcolm G. Semple, Alexander Horsley, Christopher A. Miller, Caitlin O'Brien, Ajay M. Shah, Amedeo Chiribiri, Olivia C. Leavy, Matthew Richardson, Omer Elneima, Hamish J. C. McAuley, Marco Sereno, Ruth M. Saunders, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Neil J. Greening, Charlotte E. Bolton, Jeremy S. Brown, Gourab Choudhury, Nawar Diar Bakerly, Nicholas Easom, Carlos Echevarria, Michael Marks, John R. Hurst, Mark G. Jones, Daniel G. Wootton, Trudie Chalder, Melanie J. Davies, Anthony De Soyza, John R. Geddes, William Greenhalf, Luke S. Howard, Joseph Jacob, William D-C Man, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Joanna C. Porter, Matthew J. Rowland, Janet T. Scott, Sally J. Singh, David C. Thomas, Mark Toshner, Keir Lewis, Liam G. Heaney, Ewen M. Harrison, Steven Kerr, Annemarie B. Docherty, Nazir I. Lone, Jennifer K. Quint, Aziz Sheikh, Bang Zheng, Gisli Jenkins, Eleanor F. Cox, Susan Francis, Mark Halling-Brown, James D. Chalmers, John P. Greenwood, Sven Plein, Paul J. C. Hughes, A. A. Roger Thompson, Sarah Rowland-Jones, James M. Wild, Matthew Kelly, Thomas A. Treibel, Steven Bandula, Raminder Aul, Karla Miller, Peter Jezzard, Stephen Smith, Thomas E. Nichols, Gerry P. McCann, Rachael A. Evans, Louise V. Wain, Christopher E. Brightling, Stefan Neubauer
Summary: The multiorgan impact of moderate to severe coronavirus infections in the post-acute phase is still poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities after hospitalisation with COVID-19, evaluate their determinants, and explore associations with patient-related outcome measures. The findings highlight the need for proactive multidisciplinary care pathways with imaging playing a potential role in guiding surveillance and treatment strategies.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Simone Campani, Marta Talamonti, Lorenzo Dall'Ara, Irene Coloretti, Ilenia Gatto, Emanuela Biagioni, Martina Tosi, Marianna Meschiari, Roberto Tonelli, Enrico Clini, Andrea Cossarizza, Giovanni Guaraldi, Cristina Mussini, Mario Sarti, Tommaso Trenti, Massimo Girardis
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the association of PCT and CRP with secondary infections acquired during ICU stay in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The results showed that PCT and CRP values were associated with infections acquired during the ICU stay and can be used to support the diagnosis of these infections.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alessia Laneri, Stefania Cerri, Giovanni Della Casa, Antonio Moretti, Andreina Manfredi, Marco Sebastiani, Enrico Clini, Carlo Salvarani
Summary: This case report highlights the challenges in differentiating COVID-19 sequelae with fibrotic features from preexisting pSS-ILD. A wait and see approach was taken, and the patient's clinical symptoms and radiologic manifestations eventually resolved.
CASE REPORTS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Valeria Caciagli, Irene Coloretti, Marta Talamonti, Carlotta Farinelli, Ilenia Gatto, Emanuela Biagioni, Mario Sarti, Erica Franceschini, Marianna Meschiari, Cristina Mussini, Roberto Tonelli, Enrico Clini, Massimo Girardis, Stefano Busani
Summary: CMV reactivation is common in critically ill COVID-19 patients with prior CAPA diagnosis. Basal immunosuppression before COVID-19 appears to be the primary independent variable affecting CMV reactivation in patients with CAPA. Furthermore, the association of CAPA+CMV versus CAPA alone appears to impact ICU length of stay and secondary bacterial infections but not mortality.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Roberto Tonelli, Salvatore Grasso, Andrea Cortegiani, Lorenzo Ball, Ivana Castaniere, Luca Tabbi, Riccardo Fantini, Dario Andrisani, Filippo Gozzi, Antonio Moretti, Giulia Bruzzi, Linda Manicardi, Stefania Cerri, Anna Valeria Samarelli, Giulia Raineri, Francesco Murgolo, Andrea Carzoli, Rossella Di Mussi, Stefano Busani, Raffaella Rizzoni, Giacomo Grasselli, Enrico Clini, Alessandro Marchioni
Summary: This study aims to investigate the physiological effects of lung-protective ventilation in patients with AE-ILD-UIP and compare it with primary ARDS. The findings indicate that, unlike patients with primary ARDS, adjusting positive end-expiratory pressure to achieve a positive transpulmonary pressure significantly worsened lung mechanics in mechanically ventilated AE-ILD-UIP patients.