Article
Rheumatology
Anthony James Ocon, George Reed, Dimitrios A. Pappas, Jeffrey R. Curtis, Joel M. Kremer
Summary: The study found that initiating glucocorticoids in steroid-naive RA patients is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, especially at daily doses of >= 5mg, cumulative doses exceeding 1100mg, and durations longer than 81 days. No increased risk was found at lower doses or shorter durations.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ariadne Bosman, Annewieke W. van den Beld, Richard A. Feelders, M. Carola Zillikens
Summary: The study found that 16% of patients with Cushing's syndrome had hypophosphatemia, which was related to cortisol excretion levels. After remission of CS, serum phosphate significantly increased and BMI decreased.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elena Valassi, Chaysavanh Manichanh, Vincent Amodru, Pedro Gonzalez Fernandez, Sonia Gaztambide, Francisca Yanez, Luciana Martel-Duguech, Manel Puig-Domingo, Susan M. Webb
Summary: Patients with Cushing's disease (CD) in remission have dysbiosis in their gut microbiome, which may contribute to the persistence of cardiometabolic dysfunctions after cure. The study found that CD patients had lower microbial diversity and a different composition compared to the control group. Furthermore, the diversity of the microbiome was associated with fibrinogen levels, triglyceride concentrations, and the HOMA-IR index.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hans-Georg Olbrich, Martin Roosli, Eva Herrmann, Christian Maschke, Kerstin Schadow, Torsten Haehnel, Hans-Jorgen Rupprecht, Martin Kaltenbach
Summary: This study found associations between aircraft noise and recurrence risk as well as all-cause mortality in patients with acute coronary heart disease, with more pronounced effects compared to previous population-based cohort studies. In contrast, associations with road traffic and railway noise were weaker and not significant, suggesting that acute coronary heart disease patients are particularly vulnerable to the effects of transportation noise.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rohbaiz Wali, Xinying Wang, Chenglin Li, Heng Yang, Fei Liu, Salah D. D. Sama, Lan Bai, Sharen Lee, Tesfaldet H. H. Hidru, Xiaolei Yang, Yunlong Xia
Summary: This study aims to assess the prevalence of atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM) in patients with new-onset metabolic syndrome (MetS) and investigate whether ACM could be a predictor of hospital admission for cardiovascular (CV) events. The results showed that ACM is a marker of early myocardial remodeling and predicts hospitalization for CV events in patients with MetS.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cesar Fernandez-Lazaro, Carmen Sayon-Orea, Estefania Toledo, Conchi Moreno-Iribas, Maria J. Guembe
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether better adherence to ICVH metrics was associated with reduced cardiovascular risk and to assess its impact on the timing of occurrence using rate advancement period.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arsene Zongo, Cerina Lee, Jason R. B. Dyck, Jihane El-Mourad, Elaine Hyshka, John G. Hanlon, Dean T. Eurich
Summary: This study found that patients authorized to use medical cannabis in Ontario, Canada had a higher risk of emergency department visits and hospitalizations, especially among male patients. There was a significant association between cannabis authorization and cardiovascular events.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
James R. Latronica, Wen Jan Tuan, Taylor J. Clegg, Matthew L. Silvis, Curtis Bone
Summary: This study evaluated the cardiovascular event risk among individuals aged 65 and older with depression who were prescribed amphetamines. The results showed that the exposed cohort had improved lipid profiles and blood pressure compared to the control group, but had an increased risk of cardiovascular events.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alessia Alunno, Francesco Carubbi, Francesco Maria Mariani, Cecilia Martini, Elena Campanozzi, Claudio Ferri
Summary: This study found a strong association between disease activity, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and cardiovascular events in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients. The association between ILD and cardiovascular events was dependent on higher serum uric acid levels and independent of other traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Assessing serum uric acid levels in pSS patients and considering the application of correction factors in cardiovascular risk assessment tools can achieve better stratification of cardiovascular risk.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Camila Viecceli, Ana Carolina Viana Mattos, Maria Carolina Bittencourt Costa, Rafael Borba de Melo, Ticiana da Costa Rodrigues, Mauro Antonio Czepielewski
Summary: This study retrospectively evaluated the safety profile and treatment response of ketoconazole in Cushing's disease patients followed up at a Brazilian university hospital. The findings showed that ketoconazole effectively controlled hypercortisolism in 66% of patients, with some experiencing mild or serious adverse effects.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Warrington W. Q. Hsu, Chor-Wing Sing, Gloria H. Y. Li, Kathryn C. B. Tan, Bernard M. Y. Cheung, Janus S. H. Wong, Ian Chi-Kei Wong, Ching-Lung Cheung
Summary: This study found a higher immediate risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with hip fractures compared to those without. The risk was highest in the first 90 days post-fracture and decreased over time, suggesting the importance of early evaluation and management in older adults with hip fractures to reduce subsequent MACE risk.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Azra Ramezankhani, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: The study found that changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its key components were associated with different risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in both genders, with generally stronger associations in women than men.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Federico C. Angriman, Laura R. Rosella, Patrick T. Lawler, Dennis M. Ko, Claudio Martin, Hannah C. Wunsch, Damon Scales
Summary: This study identified risk factors for major cardiovascular events in adult sepsis survivors, including age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, and sepsis characteristics. These findings have important implications for future research.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuichi Ishikawa, Kazuhisa Nakano, Kei Tokutsu, Shingo Nakayamada, Shinya Matsuda, Kiyohide Fushimi, Yoshiya Tanaka
Summary: This study aims to investigate the short-term prognosis and incidence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events (C-CVE) associated with severe herpes zoster (HZ) in hospitalized patients. The results showed that age, underlying diseases, and the use of glucocorticoid were associated with poor short-term prognosis and increased risk of C-CVE onset. This study identified potential factors influencing the short-term mortality and onset of C-CVE in severe HZ patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Kuenga Choden, Tshewang Gyeltshen
Summary: This article presents two cases of patients with OSMF who were treated with Triamcinolone Acetonide (TAC) injections. Significant improvement in mouth opening was observed after treatment, but both patients developed symptoms of Cushing's Syndrome, leading to discontinuation of the treatment. Elevated cortisol levels confirmed the presence of Cushing's Syndrome.
Article
Economics
Caroline S. Clarke, Larisa Duffy, Glyn Lewis, Nick Freemantle, Simon Gilbody, Tony Kendrick, David Kessler, Michael King, Paul Lanham, Derelie Mangin, Michael Moore, Irwin Nazareth, Nicola Wiles, Louise Marston, Rachael Maree Hunter
Summary: This study conducted a cost-utility analysis of discontinuing long-term antidepressant medication in currently well patients, using patient-level trial data. The findings suggest that discontinuation of antidepressants is unlikely to be cost effective compared with maintenance for preventing relapse. The study provides information that can facilitate shared patient-clinician decision making.
APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nishani Jayasooriya, Jonathan Blackwell, Sonia Saxena, Alex Bottle, Irene Petersen, Hanna Creese, Matthew Hotopf, Richard C. G. Pollok
Summary: This study found that the use of antidepressants among individuals diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing over the years. However, a majority of patients did not adhere to the recommended treatment duration according to international guidelines. Younger patients were more likely to discontinue antidepressant treatment earlier.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Cini Bhanu, Irene Petersen, Mine Orlu, Daniel Davis, Kate Walters
Summary: This study investigated the incidence of postural hypotension in general practice between 2008 and 2018, and examined how the trends varied by age, sex, year, and social deprivation. The results showed that the incidence of postural hypotension increased with age and social deprivation, and was higher in males compared to females, especially in older age groups (>80 years).
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah A. Sullivan, Daphne Kounali, Richard Morris, David Kessler, Willie Hamilton, Glyn Lewis, Philippa Lilford, Irwin Nazareth
Summary: This study developed and validated a risk prediction model for psychosis using linked electronic health records. The model demonstrated good discrimination in identifying patients at high risk for developing psychosis based on various predictors such as consultations, diagnoses, and prescribed medications, as well as demographic factors including age, sex, and social deprivation.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Amir Kabir, Irwin Nazaret
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nishani Jayasooriya, Samantha Baillie, Jonathan Blackwell, Alex Bottle, Irene Petersen, Hanna Creese, Sonia Saxena, Richard C. C. Pollok, POP IBD study grp
Summary: This systematic review found that diagnostic delay is associated with negative clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The median time to diagnosis was 8.0 months for CD and 3.7 months for UC, with longer diagnostic intervals observed in low-middle-income countries. Furthermore, delayed diagnosis was associated with increased risks of stricturing, penetrating disease, and intestinal surgery in CD, and increased risk of colectomy in UC.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Primary Health Care
Kevin J. Munro, Thomas C. Giles, Christine Smith-Howell, Irwin Nazareth
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rajmohan Panda, Supriya Lahoti, Arti Mishra, Rajath R. Prabhu, Sangeeta Das, Durga Madhab Satapathy, Irwin Nazareth
Summary: This qualitative study explored the perceptions of tobacco users and healthcare providers regarding the development of a mobile health intervention for smokeless tobacco cessation in South Asia. The study found that smokeless tobacco use was prevalent regardless of sociodemographic factors, and participants considered mobile message counseling helpful and acceptable. Barriers to using mHealth for tobacco cessation included lack of access to mobile phones and illiteracy, while facilitators included ease of access and the popularity of social media applications.
Article
Primary Health Care
Nishani Jayasooriya, Richard C. Pollok, Jonathan Blackwell, Alex Bottle, Irene Petersen, Hanna Creese, Sonia Saxena
Summary: Rates of discontinuation and adherence to oral 5-ASA in adolescents and young adults with ulcerative colitis were determined in a cohort study. The study found that a significant proportion discontinued within the first year and adherence was lower among young adults compared to adolescents. Risk factors for discontinuation included older age and living in deprived areas, while early corticosteroid use lowered the likelihood of discontinuation.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Laura J. Horsfall, Caroline S. Clarke, Irwin Nazareth, Gareth Ambler
Summary: This study examined the value of blood-based measurements in predicting lung cancer risk. The results showed that adding blood measurements improved the lung cancer risk models, but there was no evidence that model expansion would improve the cost per lung cancer case detected in UK healthcare settings.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Louise Marston, Marie Le Novere, Federico Ricciardi, Irwin Nazareth, Alan Carson, Mark Edwards, Laura H. Goldstein, Jonathan Marsden, Hayley Noble, Markus Reuber, Jon Stone, Rachael M. Hunter, Glenn Nielsen
Summary: Functional motor disorder (FMD) is a common neurological condition that causes symptoms such as weakness and tremor. The Physio4FMD trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of specialist physiotherapy for FMD. The trial was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to disruptions in the treatment of participants. The analysis plans have been adjusted to account for these disruptions and maintain the integrity of the trial while providing meaningful results.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elizabeth ONions, Irene Petersen, Joshua E. J. Buckman, Rebecca Charlton, Claudia Cooper, Anne Corbett, Francesca Happe, Jill Manthorpe, Marcus Richards, Rob Saunders, Cathy Zanker, Will Mandy, Joshua Stott
Summary: This study estimated the numbers of diagnosed and undiagnosed autistic individuals in England and examined the differences in diagnostic rates based on socio-demographic factors. The results showed a higher prevalence of diagnosed autism in children/young people compared to adults/older adults. Age-related inequalities were also evident in new diagnoses, indicating the urgent need to improve access to adult autism diagnostic services.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Douglas G. J. McKechnie, Elizabeth O'Nions, Sandra Dunsmuir, Irene Petersen
Summary: This study estimated the incidence and prevalence of ADHD diagnoses and prescriptions in UK adults and children between 2000 and 2018. The results showed that ADHD diagnoses and prescriptions were more common in men, children, and individuals with lower socioeconomic status. The rates of ADHD diagnoses and prescriptions have increased in all age groups, with the largest relative increase among adults.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Buket Ozturk Esen, Vera Ehrenstein, Irene Petersen, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Lars Pedersen
Summary: The sibling comparison analysis faces the challenge of non-shared unmeasured confounding, which can introduce bias.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Psychiatry
Amir Kabir, Irwin Nazareth