Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jagat Jeevan Ghimire, Kana Ram Jat, Jhuma Sankar, Rakesh Lodha, Venkat K. Iyer, Hitender Gautam, Seema Sood, S. K. Kabra
Summary: This study demonstrates that the use of azithromycin improves asthma control and reduces exacerbations in children with poorly controlled asthma.
Article
Respiratory System
Lissa Sutherland, Karen Shaw, Clair Parrish, Nicola Singleton, Tricia M. McKeever, Iain Stewart, Dominick Shaw, Matthew J. Martin, Tim Harrison
Summary: The study suggests that steroid-naive patients with symptoms suggestive of asthma and an FeNO <= 27 ppb are unlikely to benefit from initiating treatment with an ICS over 3 months. Further research is recommended to confirm these findings before withholding ICS treatment.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jamie A. Kitt, Rachael L. Fox, Alexandra E. Cairns, Jill Mollison, Holger H. Burchert, Yvonne Kenworthy, Annabelle McCourt, Katie Suriano, Adam J. Lewandowski, Lucy Mackillop, Katherine L. Tucker, Richard J. McManus, Paul Leeson
Summary: Women with hypertensive pregnancies who engage in postpartum blood pressure self-management demonstrate significantly lower diastolic blood pressure levels 3.6 years later. This intervention shows promise in improving long-term blood pressure control and reducing the risk of chronic hypertension and cardiovascular events in this high-risk population.
Article
Anesthesiology
Thomas Rolf Erdmann, Marlus Tavares Gerber, Patrick Barcelos Gaspareto, Getulio Rodrigues de Oliveira Filho
Summary: Short-term use of duloxetine does not reduce opioid consumption or pain intensity during the initial 48 hours following major colon surgery.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ANESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Varun Sharma, Helen Clare Ricketts, Louise McCombie, Naomi Brosnahan, Luisa Crawford, Lesley Slaughter, Anna Goodfellow, Femke Steffensen, Duncan S. Buchan, Rekha Chaudhuri, Michael E. J. Lean, Douglas C. Cowan
Summary: Using a structured weight management program can significantly improve asthma control and quality of life in patients with difficult-to-treat asthma and obesity over 16 weeks compared to usual care.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emir Tas, Reid D. Landes, Eva C. Diaz, Shasha Bai, Xiawei Ou, Robert Buchmann, Xiaoxu Na, Radhika Muzumdar, Elisabet Borsheim, Jonathan A. Dranoff
Summary: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a 4-week high-intensity interval training on intrahepatic triglyceride content, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiometabolic markers in obese adolescents. The results showed that the training had no impact on cardiorespiratory fitness or liver triglyceride accumulation, but it led to a modest improvement in cardiometabolic health markers.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wei Li, Ming Ye, Alexandru Cimpoca, Hans Henkes, Honglei Wang, Xiang Xu, Yuxiang Gu, Huaizhang Shi, Hongming Ji, Feng Wang, Yuanli Zhao, Geng Guo, Hongqi Zhang, Youxiang Li
Summary: This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of the Avenir® and Axium™ passive mechanically detachable coil systems for treating intracranial aneurysms. The results showed no significant differences in short-term efficacy or safety between the two coil systems.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Sarah Diver, Sriram Sridhar, Latifa C. Khalfaoui, Richard J. Russell, Claire Emson, Janet M. Griffiths, Melissa de Los Reyes, Da Yin, Gene Colice, Christopher E. Brightling
Summary: This study analyzed baseline airway inflammation in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma and found that F-ENO levels may be associated with T2 or T17 gene expression, while elevated FENO levels are correlated with high CST1 expression.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Behnood Bikdeli, Azita H. Talasaz, Babak Sharif-Kashani, Farid Rashidi, Mohammad Taghi Beigmohammadi, Keivan Gohari Moghadam, Somaye Rezaian, Ali Dabbagh, Seyed Hashem Sezavar, Mohsen Farrokhpour, Hooman Bakhshandeh, Atefeh Abedini, Rasoul Aliannejad, Taghi Riahi, Mahdi Yadollahzadeh, Somayeh Lookzadeh, Parisa Rezaeifar, Samira Matin, Ouria Tahamtan, Keyhan Mohammadi, Elnaz Zoghi, Hamid Rahmani, Seyed Hossein Hosseini, Seyed Masoud Mousavian, Homa Abri, Pardis Sadeghipour, Elahe Baghizadeh, Farnaz Rafiee, Sepehr Jamalkhani, Ahmad Amin, Bahram Mohebbi, Seyed Ehsan Parhizgar, Mahshid Soleimanzadeh, Maryam Aghakouchakzadeh, Vahid Eslami, Pooya Payandemehr, Hossein Khalili, Hamed Talakoob, Taranom Tojari, Shadi Shafaghi, Samrand Fattah Ghazi, Sanaz Tabrizi, Hessam Kakavand, Alireza Kashefizadeh, Shaghayegh Shahmirzaei, Atabak Najafi, Mohammad Fathi, David Jimenez, Aakriti Gupta, Mahesh Madhavan, Sanjum S. Sethi, Sahil A. Parikh, Manuel Monreal, Naser Hadavand, Alireza Hajighasemi, Khalil Ansarin, Majid Maleki, Saeed Sadeghian, Gregory Piazza, Ajay J. Kirtane, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Gregg W. Stone, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Harlan M. Krumholz, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Parham Sadeghipour
Summary: In ICU patients with COVID-19, atorvastatin did not significantly reduce the composite of venous or arterial thrombosis, treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, or all cause mortality compared to placebo. However, the treatment was found to be safe and a clinically important treatment effect cannot be excluded due to lower than expected event rates.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Katrine Bostrom, Elin Borosund, Hilde Eide, Cecilie Varsi, oloef Birna Kristjansdottir, Karlein M. G. Schreurs, Lori B. Waxenberg, Karen E. Weiss, Eleshia J. Morrison, Hanne Stavenes Stole, Milada Cvancarova Smastuen, Audun Stubhaug, Lise Solberg Nes
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of a digital self-management intervention called EPIO for people living with chronic pain. The results showed significant reductions in symptoms of depression and self-regulatory fatigue, but no significant improvement in pain interference. Participants found EPIO to be useful, easy to use, and containing easily understandable exercises.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Samrad Mehrabi, Jalal Torkan, Massood Hosseinzadeh
Summary: The study results indicated that atorvastatin treatment did not significantly impact lung function and inflammatory markers in patients with asthma, and there were no significant differences between the placebo and intervention groups.
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Tora Soderstrom Gaden, Claire Ghetti, Ingrid Kvestad, Lucja Bieleninik, Andreas Storksen Stordal, Jorg Assmus, Shmuel Arnon, Cochavit Elefant, Shulamit Epstein, Mark Ettenberger, Marcela Lichtensztejn, Merethe Wolf Lindvall, Julie Mangersnes, Catharina Janner Roed, Bente Johanne Vederhus, Christian Gold
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of music therapy on premature infants and their caregivers. The results showed that parent-led, infant-directed singing supported by a music therapist did not result in significant differences in mother-infant bonding, parental anxiety, or maternal depression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thuy Anh Vu Pham, Phuc Anh Nguyen, Thao Thi Phuong Tran, Van Thi Thao Nguyen
Summary: This study assessed the effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on smokers with T2D. The results showed that NSPT can improve periodontal status, have a positive impact on glycemic control, and reduce pro-inflammatory mediators. However, the control group had inferior outcomes.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nicole Beydon, Camille Taille, Harriet Corvol, Judith Valcke, Jean-Jacques Portal, Laurent Plantier, Gilles Mangiapan, Caroline Perisson, Guillaume Aubertin, Alice Hadchouel, Guillaume Briend, Laurent Guilleminault, Catherine Neukirch, Pierrick Cros, Corinne Appere de Vecchi, Bruno Mahut, Eric Vicaut, Christophe Delclaux
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effect of a smartphone web app and a paper action plan on unscheduled medical contacts for children and adults with asthma. The results showed that the smartphone web app did not decrease the number of medical contacts compared to the paper action plan.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Rutkowska, Sebastian Rutkowski, Adam Wrzeciono, Oliver Czech, Jan Szczegielniak, Dariusz Jastrzebski
Summary: The study found that exercise training did not significantly improve quality of life for patients diagnosed with stage IIIB and stage IV NSCLC, but rather showed deterioration in QoL in the control group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Hancox, K. Ayling, L. Bedford, K. Vedhara, J. F. R. Roberston, B. Young, R. das Nair, F. M. Sullivan, S. Schembri, F. S. Mair, R. Littleford, D. Kendrick
Summary: The Early CDT(R)-Lung antibody blood test has positive effects in reducing late-stage lung cancer presentation, but it also leads to some negative psychological outcomes, although these effects are short-lived and small.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Claire E. Hastie, Hamish M. E. Foster, Bhautesh D. Jani, Catherine A. O'Donnell, Frederick K. Ho, Jill P. Pell, Naveed Sattar, Srinivasa V. Katikireddi, Frances S. Mair, Barbara I. Nicholl
Summary: We investigated the association between self-reported chronic pain and COVID-19 hospitalization or mortality. The study found that chronic pain was associated with higher risk of hospitalization for COVID-19, even after adjusting for other variables, with a clear dose-response relationship. However, the association with COVID-19 mortality was unclear.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Iain Stewart, Joseph Jacob, Peter M. George, Philip L. Molyneaux, Joanna C. Porter, Richard J. Allen, Shahab Aslani, J. Kenneth Baillie, Shaney L. Barratt, Paul Beirne, Stephen M. Bianchi, John F. Blaikley, James D. Chalmers, Rachel C. Chambers, Nazia Chadhuri, Christopher Coleman, Guilhem Collier, Emma K. Denneny, Annemarie Docherty, Omer Elneima, Rachael A. Evans, Laura Fabbri, Michael A. Gibbons, Fergus Gleeson, Bibek Gooptu, Neil J. Greening, Beatriz Guillen Guio, Ian P. Hall, Neil A. Hanley, Victoria Harris, Ewen M. Harrison, Melissa Heightman, Toby E. Hillman, Alex Horsley, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Ian Jarrold, Simon R. Johnson, Mark G. Jones, Fasihul Khan, Rod Lawson, Olivia Leavy, Nazir Lone, Michael Marks, Hamish McAuley, Puja Mehta, Dhruv Parekh, Karen Piper Hanley, Manuela Plate, John Pearl, Krisnah Poinasamy, Jennifer K. Quint, Betty Raman, Matthew Richardson, Pilar Rivera-Ortega, Laura Saunders, Ruth Saunders, Malcolm G. Semple, Marco Sereno, Aarti Shikotra, A. John Simpson, Amisha Singapuri, David J. F. Smith, Mark Spears, Lisa G. Spencer, Stefan Stanel, David R. Thickett, A. A. Roger Thompson, Mathew Thorpe, Simon L. F. Walsh, Samantha Walker, Nicholas David Weatherley, Mark E. Weeks, Jim M. Wild, Dan G. Wootton, Chris E. Brightling, Ling-Pei Ho, Louise Wain, Gisli R. Jenkins
Summary: This study analyzed the data from the UK Interstitial Lung Disease Consortium (UKILD) post-COVID-19 study to estimate the prevalence of residual lung abnormalities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The results showed that approximately 11% of recovered COVID-19 patients had residual lung abnormalities, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Guy Rughani, Tom I. L. Nilsen, Karen Wood, Frances S. Mair, Jan Hartvigsen, Paul J. Mork, Barbara I. Nicholl
Summary: In this study, it was found that the selfBACK smartphone app, which uses artificial intelligence, can help patients manage low back pain, even in those with depressive/stress symptoms. The app improved outcomes in patients with high levels of depression and stress, highlighting its potential for use in chronic pain management.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAIN
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Peter Hanlon, Jennifer K. Burton, Terence J. Quinn, Frances S. Mair, David McAllister, Jim Lewsey, Katie Gallacher
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of frailty in stroke survivors and investigate its association with stroke outcomes. Regardless of the assessment method used, frailty was found to be associated with increased risk of mortality, hospitalization, and recurrent stroke. Adding cognitive variables to frailty assessments helped identify individuals at greater risk. Thus, physical and cognitive impairments should not prevent frailty assessment in stroke survivors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Fraser R. Morton, Bhautesh Jani, Frances S. Mair, Philip McLoone, Jordan Canning, Sara Macdonald, Ross McQueenie, Stefan Siebert, Barbara Nicholl
Summary: This longitudinal observational study investigates the association between multimorbidity and hospitalizations in people with established and early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Participants with RA and multiple long-term conditions (LTCs) had higher hospitalization rates and longer durations compared to those with RA alone. Additionally, the hospitalization rate and duration were higher in RA participants with LTCs than in non-RA controls.
SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elaine Butterly, Peter Hanlon, Anoop S. V. H. Shah, Laurie Hannigan, Emma S. McIntosh, Jim M. Lewsey, Sarah Wild, Bruce J. Guthrie, Frances A. Mair, David Kent, Sofia Dias, Nicky Welton, David McAllister
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of multimorbidity on quality of life. The results showed that a higher comorbidity count was associated with lower baseline quality of life and a decline over time. However, treatment effects on quality of life were not modified by multimorbidity.
Review
Primary Health Care
Peter Hanlon, Xuetong Guo, Eveline McGhee, Jim Lewsey, David McAllister, Frances S. Mair
Summary: This systematic review examined the measurement, prevalence, and associations of frailty in individuals with COPD. A total of 53 eligible studies were included, using 11 different frailty measures. The prevalence of frailty varied depending on the definition and population. Frailty was found to be associated with adverse health outcomes, including mortality, exacerbations, hospitalization, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, COPD severity, lower quality of life, and disability. The proactive identification of frailty may help in risk stratification and targeted interventions for individuals with COPD.
NPJ PRIMARY CARE RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Christopher J. Weir, Imad Adamestam, Rona Sharp, Holly Ennis, Andrew Heed, Robin Williams, Kathrin Cresswell, Omara Dogar, Sarah Pontefract, Jamie Coleman, Richard Lilford, Neil Watson, Ann Slee, Antony Chuter, Jillian Beggs, Sarah Slight, James Mason, Lucy Yardley, Aziz Sheikh
Summary: This study aims to develop a complex ePrescribing-based Anti-Microbial Stewardship intervention (ePAMS+) and conduct a feasibility trial. ePAMS+ includes educational and organisational behavioural elements, plus guideline-based clinical decision support to aid optimal antimicrobial use in hospital inpatients. The study aims to evaluate the feasibility of ePAMS+ through qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis, and provide data support for future large-scale trial design.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Caitlin Jones, Frances S. Mair, Andrea E. Williamson, Andrew McPherson, David T. Eton, Richard Lowrie
Summary: This study investigated the treatment burden of homeless people with a recent non-fatal drug overdose. The results showed that homeless individuals experienced a high level of treatment burden, mainly in terms of the impact of self-management on their well-being and daily activities. Treatment burden is an important outcome measure for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in this vulnerable population.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matthew J. Reed, Neil Grubb, Chris Lang, Steve Goodacre, Rachel O'Brien, Christopher J. Weir, Praveen Thokala, Nicola Freeman, Caroline Blackstock, Lynn Dinsmore, Julia Boyd, Imad Adamestam, Pam Macrae, Robert Hannigan, Trudie Lobban
Summary: Diagnosing underlying arrhythmia in emergency department syncope patients is challenging. Applying cardiac monitoring devices early, ideally at the index visit, has been shown to have the highest diagnostic yield for detecting arrhythmias. This approach can potentially improve syncope management, reduce episodes of syncope, hospital admissions, and overall healthcare costs, as well as increase quality of life by allowing earlier diagnosis and treatment of clinically important arrhythmias.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aude Espinasse, Olga Solovyeva, Munyaradzi Dimairo, Christopher Weir, Thomas Jaki, Adrian Mander, Andrew Kightley, Jeffry Evans, Shing Lee, Alun Bedding, Sally Hopewell, Khadija Rantell, Rong Liu, An-Wen Chan, Johann De Bono, Christina Yap
Summary: The DEFINE study aims to improve the transparency, completeness, reproducibility, and interpretation of EPDF trial protocols (SPIRIT-DEFINE) and their reports (CONSORT-DEFINE). An extensive review of published trials and consultation with international experts will be conducted to refine the guidelines. The final version of the guidelines will be determined through a modified Delphi process and an international consensus meeting.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nonzuzo Mbokazi, Myrna Van Pinxteren, Katherine Murphy, Frances S. Mair, Carl R. May, Naomi S. Levitt
Summary: In economically precarious areas of South Africa, Ubuntu, traditional values, and social networks play a crucial mediating role in helping people with HIV/NCD multimorbidity to self-manage their conditions. Despite facing economic hardship, patients actively cope with their workload by utilizing family relations and external networks, leading to better management of chronic diseases.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christina Yap, Jan Rekowski, Moreno Ursino, Olga Solovyeva, Dhrusti Patel, Munyaradzi Dimairo, Christopher J. Weir, An-Wen Chan, Thomas Jaki, Adrian Mander, Thomas R. Jeffry Evans, Richard Peck, Kathryn S. Hayward, Melanie Calvert, Khadija Rerhou Rantell, Shing Lee, Andrew Kightley, Sally Hopewell, Deborah Ashby, Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer, John Isaacs, Robert Golub, Olga Kholmanskikh, Dawn P. Richards, Oliver Boix, James Matcham, Lesley Seymour, S. Percy Ivy, Lynley Marshall, Antoine Hommais, Rong Liu, Yoshiya Tanaka, Jordan Berlin, Aude Espinasse, Johann de Bono
Summary: SPIRIT 2013 provides guidance for clinical trial protocol writing but doesn't cover early phase dose-finding trials adequately. The DEFINE statement is a new guideline that includes recommendations for essential items in the protocols of these trials.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hamish M. E. Foster, Jason M. R. Gill, Frances S. Mair, Carlos A. Celis-Morales, Bhautesh D. Jani, Barbara I. Nicholl, Duncan Lee, Catherine A. O'Donnell
Summary: This study found that both functional and structural components of social connection are independently associated with mortality. It also suggests that the beneficial associations for some types of social connection might not be felt when other types of social connection are absent. Additionally, individuals who live alone with additional structural markers of isolation may represent a high-risk population.