Article
Engineering, Marine
Dina P. P. Starodymova, Marina D. D. Kravchishina, Anastasia I. I. Kochenkova, Alexey S. S. Lokhov, Natalia M. M. Makhnovich, Svetlana V. V. Vazyulya
Summary: The increasing influence of Atlantic inflows in the Arctic Ocean has impacted the biogeochemical cycles of major and trace elements. The warm and salty Atlantic water affects particle transport, sink, and marine ecosystems. This study discusses the elemental composition of suspended particulate matter collected in the Barents Sea and northern Norwegian Sea, showing the spatial variability of biological processes and input of sedimentary matter. The distribution of elements in the particulate matter and their enrichment in the benthic nepheloid layer are also studied.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Juliana Souza-Kasprzyk, Lidia Kozak, Przemyslaw Niedzielski
Summary: This study investigated the spatial distribution of 31 chemical elements in the Billefjord region of Svalbard, Arctic, and found that glacial processes have a significant influence on the elemental composition of soils in the area.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ritu Jangirh, Sakshi Ahlawat, Rahul Arya, Arnab Mondal, Lokesh Yadav, Garima Kotnala, Pooja Yadav, Nikki Choudhary, Martina Rani, Rubiya Banoo, Akansha Rai, Ummed Singh Saharan, Neeraj Rastogi, Anil Patel, Shivani, Ranu Gadi, Priyanka Saxena, Narayanasamy Vijayan, Chhemendra Sharma, Sudhir Kumar Sharma, Tuhin Kumar Mandal
Summary: In this study, TSP samples were collected from 47 different sites in Delhi during winter, and analyzed for chemical compositions to understand spatial variation of sources. Results indicated pollution hotspots in areas like Rana Pratap Bagh, while Kalkaji was found to be the least polluted area. Principal component analysis revealed soil dust as the major contributor to TSP in Delhi.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chirag Manchanda, Mayank Kumar, Vikram Singh, Mohd Faisal, Naba Hazarika, Ashutosh Shukla, Vipul Lalchandani, Vikas Goel, Navaneeth Thamban, Dilip Ganguly, Sachchida Nand Tripathi
Summary: The Government of India implemented a nationwide lockdown to combat COVID-19, resulting in reduced anthropogenic activities and improved air quality in Delhi. The study found that vehicular emissions, domestic coal combustion, and semivolatile oxygenated organic aerosol were severely impacted by the lockdown, while ozone levels and low-volatility oxygenated organic aerosols increased significantly. Other sources were influenced by meteorological conditions rather than the lockdown.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Inga Garbariene, Julija Pauraite, Daria Pashneva, Agne Minderyte, Karolis Sarka, Vadimas Dudoitis, Lina Davulien, Mindaugas Gaspariunas, Vitalij Kovalevskij, Danielis Lingis, Laurynas Bucinskas, Justina Sapolaite, Z. ilvinas Ezerinskis, Gedi Mainelis, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Simonas Kecorius, Kristina Plauskaite-Sukiene, Steigvile Bycenkiene
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of outdoor particulate pollution on indoor air quality by investigating the chemical composition and sources of submicron aerosol particles (PM1) indoors and outdoors. The results showed differences in the chemical composition and sources of PM1 between indoor and outdoor environments, with biomass burning and road dust resuspension being the primary sources. The three-stage building filter system was found to provide effective protection against indoor particle pollution.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Neele van Laaten, Wolf von Tumpling, Dirk Merten, Rasmus Bro, Thorsten Schaefer, Michael Pirrung
Summary: Elevated levels of particulate matter in urban atmospheres pose a major environmental challenge. Biomonitoring methods, such as analyzing spider webs, can help to identify sources of PM, including brake wear, abrasion of tram/train tracks, and geogenic particles. Statistical analyses reveal the significant contributions of different sources and emphasize the non-exhaust particles associated with road traffic.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Petra Koelle, Linda F. Boeswald, Annita Brenner, Ellen Kienzle
Summary: This study investigated the body composition of captive snakes, revealing that their crude nutrient content is similar to that of mammals and birds. The liver was found to have relatively high levels of copper, zinc, and iron. Additionally, the iron content of the entire body increases with age.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Norefrina Shafinaz Md Nor, Chee Wai Yip, Nazlina Ibrahim, Mohd Hasni Jaafar, Zetti Zainol Rashid, Norlaila Mustafa, Haris Hafizal Abd Hamid, Kuhan Chandru, Mohd Talib Latif, Phei Er Saw, Chin Yik Lin, Kemal Maulana Alhasa, Jamal Hisham Hashim, Mohd Shahrul Mohd Nadzir
Summary: The study revealed that PM2.5 may serve as the main carrier for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in hospital wards, with patients' symptoms and ward design influencing the spread of the virus in the air.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luis Felipe de Almeida Duarte, Andressa dos Santos Barbosa Ortega, Marina de Souza Paco, Helen Sadauskas-Henrique, Caio Cesar-Ribeiro, Iara Costa Souza, Rafaella Monteiro, Magdalena Victoria Monferran, Daniel Alberto Wunderlin, Marisa Narciso Fernandes, Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira
Summary: The study reports on the toxic potential of settleable atmospheric particulate matter (SePM) on brown mussels and its bioaccumulation of elements. Rare earth elements and heavy metals were found in SePM and showed bioaccumulation in the mussels, leading to cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. The research contributes to a better understanding of the negative effects of SePM on metal bioaccumulation and toxicity to aquatic biota, emphasizing the need for environmental control measures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. K. Sharma, T. K. Mandal
Summary: In this study, the elemental composition of PM2.5 in Delhi, India was analyzed to investigate seasonal changes and sources. A total of 19 elements were identified using a Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. The higher concentrations of S, Cl, K, Ca, and Fe were recorded during the post-monsoon season, while Zn, Pb, Al, Na, Cu, Ti, As, Cr, Mo, Br, Mg, Ni, and Mn had lower concentrations. Principal Component Analysis identified five main sources of PM2.5 in Delhi: crustal/soil/road dust, combustion (BB + FFC), vehicular emissions (VE), industrial emissions (IE), and mixed source (Ti, Cr, and Mo rich-source).
BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Papiya Mandal, Raju Sarkar, Neel Kamal, Manob Das, Anubha Mandal
Summary: The diurnal and seasonal variation of PM10, SO2, NO2, NH3 and water-soluble compounds were studied in Naraina industrial area in Delhi from January to December, 2017. The concentrations of PM10 and sometimes NO2 exceeded the Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards, while the concentrations of SO2 and NH3 were within the standard. The selected parameters varied from season to season, with higher concentrations observed at night possibly due to the formation of inorganic secondary particulate matters and low wind speed in the ambient air.
BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
John MacInnis, Jai Prakash Chaubey, Crystal Weagle, David Atkinson, Rachel Ying-Wen Chang
Summary: The chemical composition, sources, and concentrations of aerosol particles in the Arctic vary seasonally. Research in Tuktoyaktuk during the summer found that aerosol particles may be sourced from local human activities.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mauricio A. Correa, Santiago A. Franco, Luisa M. Gomez, David Aguiar, Henry A. Colorado
Summary: This research investigated the current methods of characterization of ions and metals in particulate matter pollutants from different emission sources. The Proknow-C methodology was used, with a selection of scientific and review articles. The study examined various methodologies used to quantify ions and metals in PM, focusing on PM10 and PM2.5. The research explored the types of filters, equipment, and characterization techniques. Results showed that Proknow-C is a reliable method for analyzing PM pollution research, providing insight into metals and ions types, characterization technologies, current situations, and trends. Sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium ions accounted for 70-80% of the PM concentrations. Main metals detected included chromium, nickel, lead, cadmium, iron, manganese, coper, and zinc. The predominant detection method was inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Geographic information systems were identified as a valuable tool for integrating spatial data with PM and air pollution analysis, aiding in faster diagnosis and solution implementation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yushan Su, Uwayemi Sofowote, Anthony Munoz, Michael Noble, Chris Charron, Aaron Todd, Valbona Celo, Ewa Dabek-Zlotorzynska, Alla Kryukova, Teresa Switzer
Summary: The study examined the impact of potential mining activities on air quality in Ontario's Far North. Analysis of monitoring data on particulate matter and trace elements showed minimal influence of primary emissions in the study area, with air quality meeting Ontario's environmental standards.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiangzheng Cui, Yongchun Zhao, Yushan Ji, Jingchao Liu, Tian Gao, Gangzhong Yang, Yi Wang, Rihong Xiao, Xing Chuai, Junying Zhang
Summary: The study examines the effect of heterogeneous agglomeration technology on the migration and emission of three trace elements (arsenic, selenium, and lead) in the tail flue gas of a domestic coal-fired power plant. The results demonstrate the efficient attachment of gaseous harmful trace elements to particulate matter, leading to significant reductions in their concentrations.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luca Tofful, Maria Catrambone, Marco Giusto, Salvatore Pareti, Elena Rantica, Tiziana Sargolini, Silvia Canepari, Maria Agostina Frezzini, Lorenzo Massimi, Martina Ristorini, Armando Pelliccioni, Cinzia Perrino
Summary: In the study of indoor particulate matter in a university building, it was found that indoor PM is mainly influenced by soil components and organics, especially when crowded. The penetration of PM components is regulated by their chemical nature and particle dimensions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Luisa Astolfi, Daniela Marotta, Vittoria Cammalleri, Elisabetta Marconi, Arianna Antonucci, Pasquale Avino, Silvia Canepari, Matteo Vitali, Carmela Protano
Summary: The aim of the study was to analyze the concentrations of 40 elements in powdered infant formulas in Italy and estimate infants' intake of toxic heavy metals for assessing related health risks. An optimized multi-element method using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was employed for this purpose.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maria Luisa Astolfi, Domenico Ginese, Riccardo Ferrante, Elisabetta Marconi, Anna Maria Girelli, Silvia Canepari
Summary: A new online procedure for the determination of trivalent and hexavalent chromium in liquid samples using a specially designed contactor was developed. The method showed good analytical performance in real samples and comparable results to synthetic standard solutions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Luisa Astolfi, Marcelo Enrique Conti, Martina Ristorini, Maria Agostina Frezzini, Marco Papi, Lorenzo Massimi, Silvia Canepari
Summary: Bees and their products are useful bioindicators of anthropogenic activities and can help overcome the limitations of air quality networks. This study developed a simple analytical method to determine mercury content in bees and beehive products, and evaluated its performance on real samples collected in six areas of the Lazio region, Italy.
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Christopher Zammit, David Bilocca, Silvia Ruggieri, Gaspare Drago, Cinzia Perrino, Silvia Canepari, Martin Balzan, Stephen Montefort, Giovanni Viegi, Fabio Cibella
Article
Oncology
Flavia Buonaurio, Maria Luisa Astolfi, Daniela Pigini, Giovanna Tranfo, Silvia Canepari, Antonio Pietroiusti, Iacopo D'Alessandro, Renata Sisto
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the association between biomarkers of human exposure to toxic elements and effect biomarkers of oxidative stress. It found that metal carpentry workers had higher concentrations of toxic elements in their urine compared to controls, which were correlated with higher values of RNA and protein oxidative stress biomarkers. The study concluded that specific biomarkers like 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine can effectively discriminate exposed workers from controls, providing valuable information for identifying and monitoring occupationally exposed individuals.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paola Pollegioni, Claudia Mattioni, Martina Ristorini, Donatella Occhiuto, Silvia Canepari, Maria V. Korneykova, Olga Gavrichkova
Summary: This study investigated the variations in microbial communities associated with PM10 in three urban sites in Rome and their local sources. Bacterial and fungal communities in the air had the highest alpha-diversity and were separate from epiphytic and road dust communities. The resuspension/deposition of road dust from traffic was found to be a major source of microbial exchanges. The abundance of extremotolerant microbes in epiphytic communities increased with pollution levels and was associated with opportunistic human pathogenicity in fungal communities.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Agostina Frezzini, Gianluca Di Iulio, Caterina Tiraboschi, Silvia Canepari, Lorenzo Massimi
Summary: This study evaluated the oxidative potential of both water-soluble and insoluble fractions of airborne particulate matter (PM) by separating PM10 from field filters and analyzing their suspension. The results showed that water-soluble PM10 mainly originated from traffic, steel plants, and biomass burning, while insoluble PM10 was primarily from mineral dust.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesca Costabile, Stefano Decesari, Roberta Vecchi, Franco Lucarelli, Gabriele Curci, Dario Massabo, Matteo Rinaldi, Maurizio Gualtieri, Emanuela Corsini, Elena Menegola, Silvia Canepari, Lorenzo Massimi, Stefania Argentini, Maurizio Busetto, Gianluca Di Iulio, Luca Di Liberto, Marco Paglione, Igor Petenko, Mara Russo, Angela Marinoni, Gianpietro Casasanta, Sara Valentini, Vera Bernardoni, Federica Crova, Gianluigi Valli, Alice Corina Forello, Fabio Giardi, Silvia Nava, Giulia Pazzi, Paolo Prati, Virginia Vernocchi, Teresa La Torretta, Ettore Petralia, Milena Stracquadanio, Gabriele Zanini, Gloria Melzi, Emma Nozza, Martina Iulini, Donatella Caruso, Lucia Cioffi, Gabriele Imperato, Flavio Giavarini, Maria Battistoni, Francesca Di Renzo, Maria Agostina Frezzini, Cinzia Perrino, Maria Cristina Facchini
Summary: The RHAPS project aims to identify specific properties of fine atmospheric aerosols from combustion sources that are toxic and can be used as new metrics for health-related outdoor pollution studies. Preliminary results suggest a higher complexity in the relations between atmospheric aerosols and toxicity, beyond the commonly used PM1 metrics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Flavia Buonaurio, Francesca Borra, Daniela Pigini, Enrico Paci, Mariangela Spagnoli, Maria Luisa Astolfi, Ottavia Giampaoli, Fabio Sciubba, Alfredo Miccheli, Silvia Canepari, Carla Ancona, Giovanna Tranfo
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of traffic on human health and found that traffic pollution partly contributes to oxidative stress on nucleic acids. However, other factors also play a role. The results highlight the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle in preventing cancer diseases.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
C. Conti, M. Catrambone, C. Colombo, E. Possenti, K. M. Rectenwald, M. Realini, P. Strobbia
Summary: This article presents a scientific investigation of a terracotta Dancing Horse sculpture from the Tang Dynasty owned by the Cincinnati Art Museum. The study reveals that the odd tassel on the sculpture and two other tassels on the body are not original but were replaced or added at a later time. The composition of these tassels includes both organic and inorganic compounds. X-ray powder diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy were used to determine the authenticity of the tassels, showing promising potential for non-invasive in situ authenticity studies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
C. Perrino, A. Pelliccioni, L. Tofful, S. Canepari
Summary: The indoor air quality of university environments was studied, showing higher PM10 concentration indoors compared to outdoors. The main differences in chemical composition between indoor and outdoor air were attributed to soil components and organics.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gloria Melzi, Emma Nozza, Maria Agostina Frezzini, Silvia Canepari, Roberta Vecchi, Llorenc Cremonesi, Marco Potenza, Marina Marinovich, Emanuela Corsini
Summary: This study investigated the biological effects of PM from five relevant sources. The results showed a differential response of bronchial cells to each type of PM, highlighting their toxic potential. This comparison could be a starting point for regulatory intervention.
Article
Crystallography
Claudia Conti, Lea Cutard, Alessandra Botteon, Luigi Brambilla, Nicoletta Marinoni, Marco Realini, Maria Catrambone, Elena Possenti, Chiara Colombo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate crystals formed through the interaction of an inorganic conservation treatment with carbonatic stones using micro-Raman Spectroscopy. The results showed that Raman Spectroscopy is an effective method for identifying poorly crystalline calcium phosphates and distinguishing between different complex calcium phosphate mixtures in stones.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Y. Sim Tang, Chris R. Flechard, Ulrich Daemmgen, Sonja Vidic, Vesna Djuricic, Marta Mitosinkova, Hilde T. Uggerud, Maria J. Sanz, Ivan Simmons, Ulrike Dragosits, Eiko Nemitz, Marsailidh Twigg, Netty van Dijk, Yannick Fauvel, Francisco Sanz, Martin Ferm, Cinzia Perrino, Maria Catrambone, David Leaver, Christine F. Braban, J. Neil Cape, Mathew R. Heal, Mark A. Sutton
Summary: A comprehensive European dataset on monthly atmospheric NH3, acid gases, and aerosols was analyzed, revealing significant variations in concentrations of different gas and aerosol components between regions, countries, and ecosystem types.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Youjung Jang, Hyejung Hu, Bomi Kim, Younha Kim, Seung-Jick Yoo, Kyungae Jang, Yoon-Kwan Kim, Hyungah Jin, Jung-Hun Woo
Summary: This study quantitatively analyzed the effects of climate and air pollutant reduction policies in Korea, demonstrating that these policies can lead to reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and atmospheric pollutants. The integrated model used in the study provides advantages for evaluating climate and air quality policies, and the findings offer valuable insights and data for policy development and assessment.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giuseppe Piras, Fabrizio Pini, Paolo Di Girolamo
Summary: This study assesses the contribution of tires to atmospheric PM10 pollution and finds that tire emissions of PM10 are larger than those from exhaust gases. It suggests the need for specific strategies to reduce tire emissions, such as producing lighter vehicles, using narrower wheels, and promoting public transportation.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura Vallecillos, Rosa Maria Marce, Francesc Borrull
Summary: This study focuses on the implementation of a gas chromatograph-photoionization detection (GC-PID) analyzer for the continuous monitoring of 1,3-butadiene (1,3-BD) levels in urban and industrial atmospheres. The study found that the concentrations of 1,3-BD recorded by the GC-PID analyzer were comparable to those obtained by active sampling, and the concentration peaks showed consistency in values and time slots. In the test of urban atmospheres, the results showed that the concentrations of 1,3-BD were related to prevailing wind direction and activities in the petrochemical zone, while other factors had minor effects on the distribution of this pollutant.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ajay Kumar, Arun K. Attri
Summary: This study investigated the temporal profile and composition of PM10 over a 14-month period, and found significant variations between different seasons. The highest concentrations of PM10 were observed in summer and winter, exceeding the national limits. Water-soluble ionic species and n-alkanes contributed to the PM10 mass, with the highest concentration in winter and the lowest in the monsoon season. The ion balance study revealed a strong correlation between anion and cation charge equivalents, indicating their main contribution to PM10. The main sources of PM10 components were identified using statistical correlation, regression, and principal component analysis.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jenny Martinez, Yris Olaya Morales, Prashant Kumar
Summary: The impact of bicycle lane designs on cyclist exposure to air pollution is a significant concern. This study found that in the city of Medellin, Colombia, the sections without dedicated bicycle lanes had the highest PM2.5 exposure and inhaled dose. Cyclists had higher PM2.5 exposure and inhaled dose during morning peak hours compared to evening peak and off-peak hours. Segregated cycling lanes on the sidewalk can considerably lower PM2.5 exposure and inhaled doses for cyclists.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Xu, Qingyang Liu, James J. Schauer
Summary: In this study, a quantitative method using dual-wavelength ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy was developed to analyze carbon black with amorphous structures and ordering in a graphene sheet. Water extracts of carbon black showed high oxidative potential, and the presence of water-soluble ions enhanced its oxidative potential. These findings can help mitigate health risks associated with nano-carbon black emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhongmin Zhu, Hui Li, Shumin Fan, Wenfa Xu, Ruimin Fang, Boming Liu, Wei Gong
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between temperature inversions (TI) and aerosol vertical distribution in China. The results show that TI frequency, inversion strength (Delta T), and TI height (TIH) exhibit similar seasonal patterns across different regions in China. NC has a significantly higher TI frequency during summer, possibly due to the heating effect of black carbon aerosol. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) above the TIH is higher in spring and summer, indicating the presence of aerosol high-level transport over mainland China during these seasons. The study also finds that a strong inversion can suppress surface aerosols below the TI, but in regions with strong atmospheric stability, aerosols tend to accumulate above the TIH. These findings are valuable for understanding aerosol transport.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)