期刊
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
卷 7, 期 1, 页码 2-6出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2008.12.004
关键词
Mefloquine; Malaria; Neurotoxicity; Ototoxicity; Neuropsychiatric; Prophylaxis
A literature review revealed that mefloquine neurotoxicity has been demonstrated at both the preclinical and clinical levels, with nausea, dizziness, sleep disturbances, anxiety and psychosis, amongst other adverse neuropsychiatric events, reported in users. Females and individuals of low body mass index (BMI) are at apparent greater risk. Mechanisms of possible neurotoxicity may include binding to neuroreceptors and cholinesterases, inhibition of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum ATPase (SERCA) and interference with cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, accumulation in the CNS, and reductions in CNS efflux in individuals possessing certain MDR1 polymorphisms. It may be prudent to avoid mefloquine in females and low BMI individuals, and in combination with other potentially neurotoxic agents such as the artemisinin antimalarials. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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