Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Han-Qing Wang, Xing -Yu Zhao, Wei Xuan, Peng Wang, Fang-Jie Zhao
Summary: Root developmental plasticity is crucial for plants to adapt to a changing soil environment. This study reveals that plants can sense and avoid heterogeneous abiotic stress in soil by rapidly proliferating lateral roots in stress-free areas. Reactive oxygen species and calcium signaling play important roles in this process, and a signaling cascade involving ROS, auxin, and cell wall remodeling promotes lateral root development.
Article
Plant Sciences
Qian Li, Huchen Li, Zhuang Yang, Xu Cheng, Yaceng Zhao, Ling Qin, Ton Bisseling, Qingqin Cao, Viola Willemsen
Summary: The study shows that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can alter root system architecture, with different bacteria strains having varying effects on root development. Activation of PLETHORA 3,5,7-dependent primed lateral pre-branch sites promotes root system architecture development.
Article
Agronomy
Xiwen Shao, Cheng Ran, Dapeng Gao, Weiyang Liu, Liying Guo, Tianqi Bai, Yanqiu Geng
Summary: Straw return can enhance the quality of saline sodic soils and improve rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency. The combination of straw return and 270 kg N ha-1 application rate showed the most promising results in saline sodic rice growing areas.
Review
Plant Sciences
Mirza Shoaib, Bikram P. Banerjee, Matthew Hayden, Surya Kant
Summary: This review comprehensively discusses the importance of root architectural responses and root-microbe relationships in drought-resilient crop development. It highlights the continuous and complex processes involved in root responses to drought adaptation and the additional root traits and interactions among themselves. The review also emphasizes the significance of root contribution in improving soil structure and water holding capacity, and proposes various drought adaptive root ideotypes for different agroclimatic conditions.
Review
Plant Sciences
Kevin Daniel, Sjon Hartman
Summary: Plant submergence is a major abiotic stress that can be mitigated by changes in root growth behavior and adaptation to low oxygen conditions. Ethylene and hypoxia signaling play important roles in regulating these adaptive root growth responses. Future research should focus on more natural experimental designs to better understand how plants respond to and survive waterlogging.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jonaliza L. Siangliw, Burin Thunnom, Mignon A. Natividad, Marinell R. Quintana, Dmytro Chebotarov, Kenneth L. McNally, Jonathan P. Lynch, Kathleen M. Brown, Amelia Henry
Summary: This study examined the phenotypic and genetic correlations among root anatomical, morphological, and agronomic phenotypes in rice accessions from Southeast Asia under drought stress. The results identified root phenotypes related to productivity and revealed candidate genes associated with root development, providing useful information for genetic improvement.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tsubasa Kawai, Yinglong Chen, Hirokazu Takahashi, Yoshiaki Inukai, Kadambot H. M. Siddique
Summary: Root systems play a crucial role in water and nutrient uptake. Root cutting induces changes in root distribution along vertical and radial sections. Genotypes with deeper root systems allocate more compensatory roots to deeper sections even after root cutting. Decreasing crown root number promotes root development and compensatory growth.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qing Liu, Zhe Liang, Dan Feng, Sanjie Jiang, Yifan Wang, Zhuoying Du, Ruoxi Li, Guihua Hu, Pingxian Zhang, Yanfei Ma, Jan U. Lohmann, Xiaofeng Gu
Summary: This study analyzed the transcriptomes of rice root tip cells, identifying major cell types and defining novel cell-type-specific marker genes for two cultivars. The research found divergent cell types associated with phytohormone biosynthesis, signaling, and response in rice. Significant differences in cell-type transcript profiles between Arabidopsis and rice were also detected, emphasizing the importance of analyzing tissues across diverse model species.
Review
Agronomy
Qiangqiang Xiong, Jinlong Hu, Haiyan Wei, Hongcheng Zhang, Jinyan Zhu
Summary: Fertilization is an important measure in agriculture, with nitrogen being a crucial nutrient for plants. The interaction between plants, rhizosphere microorganisms, and nitrogen is a key area of research in both life sciences and agricultural microorganism utilization.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuta Miyoshi, Fumiyuki Soma, Yong-Gen Yin, Nobuo Suzui, Yusaku Noda, Kazuyuki Enomoto, Yuto Nagao, Mitsutaka Yamaguchi, Naoki Kawachi, Eiji Yoshida, Hideaki Tashima, Taiga Yamaya, Noriyuki Kuya, Shota Teramoto, Yusaku Uga
Summary: Rice is vulnerable to abiotic stresses including drought stress, therefore understanding the mechanisms of how rice plants adapt to intermittent drought stress is crucial for enhancing drought resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peng Wang, Hongrui Cao, Shuxuan Quan, Yong Wang, Mu Li, Ping Wei, Meng Zhang, Hui Wang, Hongyu Ma, Xiaofeng Li, Zhong-Bao Yang
Summary: Aluminium toxicity is a major constraint for crop production in acidic soil, and improper nitrogen fertilizer usage can worsen soil acidification. This study investigates the regulatory mechanism of nitrate (NO3-) in the resistance of maize and Arabidopsis to aluminium. Nitrate conservatively improves aluminium resistance by promoting citrate synthesis and exudation, which helps exclude aluminium ions from the plant roots. ZmSLAH2 in maize and AtSLAH1 in Arabidopsis are essential for citrate exudation and NO3--promoted aluminium resistance, with ZmMYB81 activating ZmSLAH2 expression. NO3- transport, mediated by ZmNRT1.1A and AtNRT1.1, is also necessary for NO3--promoted aluminium resistance, while ammonium (NH4+) inhibition of NO3- transport hinders this resistance. This study provides important insights into the role of NO3--mediated signaling in plant aluminium resistance and offers guidance for nitrogen fertilizer application in acidic soils.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zahra Ghorbanzadeh, Rasmieh Hamid, Feba Jacob, Mehrshad Zeinalabedini, Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh, Mohammad Reza Ghaffari
Summary: This study aimed to determine the metabolic differences in two rice genotypes, one drought-susceptible (IR64) and one drought-tolerant (Azucena). The results showed that Azucena may evade water stress by increasing the lateral root system growth, while IR64 relies on cell wall thickening to tolerate stress. Significant differences in metabolites were observed in both genotypes, with metabolites related to secondary metabolism, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide acid metabolism, and sugar and sugar alcohol metabolism. Potential metabolic markers for drought tolerance were identified, which can be used for the selection of drought-tolerant rice genotypes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhuoxi Xiao, Yongchao Liang
Summary: The study found that silicon can alleviate the toxicity of aluminum on RBCs under aluminum stress by increasing the degree of pectin methylesterification, maintaining more RBCs around the root tip, forming Si-Al complexes, promoting mucilage secretion, and forming a protective sheath to prevent aluminum from diffusing into the root tip.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Toko Tanikawa, Hidetoshi Ikeno, Keitaro Yamase, Masako Dannoura, Kenji Aono, Yasuhiro Hirano
Summary: This study evaluated the visual properties of GPR images of root bundles and rock fragments, finding that adjacent roots may lead to significant errors and rock fragments could potentially be misidentified as roots.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Le Yue, Budiao Xie, Xuesong Cao, Feiran Chen, Chuanxi Wang, Zhenggao Xiao, Liya Jiao, Zhenyu Wang
Summary: Strategies to reduce drought damage in agriculture are urgently needed due to intensified climate change. The use of nanomaterials (NMs) to enhance plant resistance has shown promising results. In this study, the addition of 10 mg kg(-1) manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) NMs significantly improved rice biomass, photosynthesis, nutrient elements, and polysaccharide levels under drought stress. The internalization of MnFe2O4 NMs by rice plants contributed to their ability to cope with drought. Furthermore, the introduction of MnFe2O4 NMs upregulated drought-sensing and receptor genes in the roots, leading to the synthesis of important compounds that helped plants withstand drought stresses and improved the nutritional quality of rice grains. This study provides valuable insights for developing nano-enabled strategies to enhance crop productivity and resilience against climate change.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran, Chitraa Tangavel, Gowdaman Vasudevan, Murugesh Easwaran, Raveendran Muthurajan, K. S. Sri Vijay Anand, Chandhan Murugan, Sharon Miracle Nayagam, Rishi Mugesh Kanna, Ajoy Prasad Shetty
Summary: Metabolomics was used to investigate bacterial metabolites in lumbar intervertebral discs, revealing the important role of bacterial growth, survival, and communication pathways in disc degeneration.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ariharasutharsan Gunasekaran, Geetha Seshadri, Saraswathi Ramasamy, Raveendran Muthurajan, Krishna Surendar Karuppasamy
Summary: The study found that grain number per panicle is the main determinant of rice grain yield, and other panicle-related traits also influence grain number. The genotypes CB12132, IET 28749, and BPT 5204 were identified as the best general combiners for filled grains per panicle and other panicle branching traits. This study provides valuable information for rice breeding programs to improve panicle traits and increase grain yield.
Article
Agronomy
Jeremiah S. Nwogha, Wosene G. Abtew, Muthurajan Raveendran, Happiness O. Oselebe, Jude E. Obidiegwu, Cynthia A. Chilaka, Damodarasamy D. Amirtham
Summary: Changes in non-structural sugars play a critical role in the regulation of tuber dormancy in white yam. A dry matter content of 60% may serve as a key threshold for tuber sprouting. Non-reducing sugars increased significantly during sprouting, indicating their importance in dormancy regulation and providing new directions for crop improvement.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Thiyagarajan Thulasinathan, Bharathi Ayyenar, Rohit Kambale, Sudha Manickam, Gopalakrishnan Chellappan, Priyanka Shanmugavel, Manikanda B. Narayanan, Manonmani Swaminathan, Raveendran Muthurajan
Summary: Rice cultivation worldwide is severely affected by blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, resulting in significant yield loss. To combat this, the marker-assisted introduction of blast-resistant genes has been proposed as a rapid strategy. This study successfully demonstrated the introgression of blast resistance genes into an elite rice cultivar using marker-assisted methods, resulting in lines with high levels of resistance against blast disease.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Subramanian Venkatesan, Dhandayuthapani Udhaya Nandhini, Kandasamy Senthilraja, Balasubramaniam Prabha, Sivaprakasam Jidhu Vaishnavi, Tamilmani Eevera, Eagan Somasundaram, Natarajan Balakrishnan, Muthurajan Raveendran, Vellingiri Geethalakshmi, Servakaranpalayam Subramaniam Sivakumar
Summary: This study assessed the physical, gravimetric, and engineering characteristics of 30 traditional rice cultivars in order to develop rice processing equipment that minimizes post-harvest losses. The results showed significant variations among the different properties, suggesting that the careful selection and analysis of these characteristics can revive old landraces. These superior characteristics can be further utilized in breeding programs to enhance the cultivation and nutritional security of these cherished rice landraces.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeremiah S. Nwogha, Abtew G. Wosene, Muthurajan Raveendran, Jude E. Obidiegwu, Happiness O. Oselebe, Rohit Kambale, Cynthia A. Chilaka, Veera Ranjani Rajagopalan
Summary: In this study, metabolomic profiling of yam tubers was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms regulating yam tuber dormancy. The results showed that various metabolites, including amino acids, polyamines, alcohols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols, were involved in the regulation of yam tuber dormancy. Additionally, specific metabolic pathways, such as linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, galactose metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, and purine metabolism, were found to have significant impacts on yam tuber dormancy regulation.
Article
Agronomy
Tamilarasu Arivelarasan, V. S. Manivasagam, Vellingiri Geethalakshmi, Kulanthaivel Bhuvaneswari, Kiruthika Natarajan, Mohan Balasubramanian, Ramasamy Gowtham, Raveendran Muthurajan
Summary: Climate change poses a significant threat to food security, especially in developing nations where vital food crops like rice and wheat are cultivated extensively. This study employs an integrated approach to investigate food security, combining a crop production model with an economic model to forecast future rice production and demand. The findings in the Cauvery delta zone show a considerable decrease in rice productivity, underlining the potential severe impact of climate change on the food security of the Tamil Nadu State. The research emphasizes the need for region-specific policy options to mitigate the adverse effects on food security.
Article
Agronomy
Bharathi Ayyenar, Rohit Kambale, Sudhakar Duraialagaraja, Sudha Manickam, Vignesh Mohanavel, Priyanka Shanmugavel, Senthil Alagarsamy, Tsutomu Ishimaru, S. V. Krishna Jagadish, Geethalakshmi Vellingiri, Raveendran Muthurajan
Summary: By 2050, rice production needs to increase by 50% to meet the global food demands. High temperature is becoming a major threat to rice yields due to its increased occurrence and severity. The development of heat-resilient rice cultivars has been slow due to the lack of relevant donors and limited genetic information. This study successfully developed an early flowering rice variety through marker-assisted backcross breeding, which reduced yield losses under high-temperature conditions.
Article
Agronomy
Kandasamy Senthilraja, Subramanian Venkatesan, Dhandayuthapani Udhaya Nandhini, Manickam Dhasarathan, Balasubramaniam Prabha, Kovilpillai Boomiraj, Shanmugam Mohan Kumar, Kulanthaivel Bhuvaneswari, Muthurajan Raveendran, Vellingiri Geethalakshmi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different organic amendments on methane emissions, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, and soil and water temperature in relation to the yield of paddy. The results showed that the use of blue-green algae and Azolla as organic amendments can significantly reduce methane emissions while increasing crop yield. This indicates that bio-fertilization can be an effective and feasible approach to mitigate climate change under certain climatic conditions.
Article
Horticulture
Mumithra Kamatchi K. Annadurai, Senthil Alagarsamy, Kalarani M. Karuppasami, Swarnapriya Ramakrishnan, Marimuthu Subramanian, Prasad R. B. Venugopal, Raveendran Muthurajan, Geethalakshmi Vellingiri, Vijayalakshmi Dhashnamurthi, Ravichandran Veerasamy, Boominathan Parasuraman, Sivakumar Rathinavelu, Djanaguiraman Maduraimuthu
Summary: In this study, the effects of combined drought and high temperature stress on tomato plants were investigated. It was found that the combination of drought and high temperature stress had a greater impact on thylakoid membrane damage, photosynthetic rate, and fruit yield compared to individual stresses. However, foliar spray of melatonin helped mitigate the stress by reducing membrane damage and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity, resulting in increased photosynthetic rate and fruit yield.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muthusamy Murugan, Anil Kuruvila, Aavudai Anandhi, A. Pooja, Kaliyaperumal Ashokkumar, M. K. Dhanya, A. Subbiah, M. Alagupalamuthirsolai, N. Sritharan
Summary: The rainfall pattern in the Indian Cardamom Hills is highly variable and influenced by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation phenomenon. Further investigation through improved statistical analysis is needed. During the study period, there was significant variability in rainfall and rainy days. The highest rainfall was recorded in 2018 (2,730 mm) and the lowest in 2016 (1168.3 mm). The characteristics of rainfall and sunny hours in the region are influenced by global El Nino and La Nina conditions. The production and productivity of cardamom have shown a steady increase over the last three decades, but maintaining shade levels is essential to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change.
FRONTIERS IN CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran, Gowdaman Vasudevan, Murugesh Easwaran, Ps Narmatha Devi, K. S. Sri Vijay Anand, Raveendran Muthurajan, Chitraa Tangavel, Chandhan Murugan, B. T. Pushpa, Ajoy Prasad Shetty, Rishi Mugesh Kanna
Summary: Using next-generation genomic tools, this study analyzed the bacterial diversity in disc samples and found a predominance of gram-negative bacteria in degenerated discs. The study challenges the previous understanding that Cutibacterium acnes is the only bacteria causing disc degeneration.
Article
Biology
Arunachalam Arun, Annaiyan Shanthi, Muthurajan Raveendran, Nagachandrabose Seenivasan, Ramamoorthy Pushpam, Ganeshan Shandeep
Summary: Rice root-knot nematode, known as Meloidogyne graminicola, is a destructive pest of rice crops worldwide. This study utilized both morphological and molecular characterization to investigate the interaction between the nematode and its host plants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sakthi Ambothi Rathnasamy, Rohit Kambale, Allimuthu Elangovan, Williams Mohanavel, Priyanka Shanmugavel, Gowtham Ramasamy, Senthil Alagarsamy, Rajavel Marimuthu, Veera Ranjani Rajagopalan, Sudha Manickam, Valarmathi Ramanathan, Raveendran Muthurajan, Geethalakshmi Vellingiri
Summary: Stomata in plants regulate conductance, transpiration, and photosynthetic traits. Genetic manipulation of stomatal traits using CRISPR/Cas9 technology improves photosynthetic efficiency and high temperature tolerance in rice. Further experiments are needed to link this technology with canopy cooling and high temperature tolerance.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sudha Manickam, Veera Ranjani Rajagopalan, Rohit Kambale, Raghu Rajasekaran, Selvaraju Kanagarajan, Raveendran Muthurajan
Summary: Plant metabolomics is a field that involves comprehensive analyses of small molecules in plant tissues and cells, providing insights into the functional roles of metabolites and their associations with specific traits. Integrating metabolomics data with other omics data enables researchers to understand the complex interactions within organisms.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
