Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Whitehead, Fynn N. Krause, Amy Moran, Amanda D. V. MacCannell, Jason L. Scragg, Ben D. McNally, Edward Boateng, Steven A. Murfitt, Samuel Virtue, John Wright, Jack Garnham, Graeme R. Davies, James Dodgson, Jurgen E. Schneider, Andrew J. Murray, Christopher Church, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Klaus K. Witte, Julian L. Griffin, Lee D. Roberts
Summary: The study identifies a group of metabolites synthesized in brown adipose tissue that can influence the metabolism of fat tissue and skeletal muscle, with anti-obesity effects in mouse models of obesity and diabetes. Brown and beige adipose tissue appear to have a significant impact on systemic metabolism through secreted signals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuki Komatsu, Kiyoshi Aoyama, Mamoru Yoneda, Shogo Ito, Yusuke Sano, Yumeno Kawai, Xixi Cui, Yuichiro Yamada, Nozomi Furukawa, Katsuhide Ikeda, Kohzo Nagata
Summary: The removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) attenuated the exacerbation of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis induced by salt loading in DS/obese rats, but did not affect the development of hypertension. Salt loading led to adipocyte hypertrophy and increased inflammation in white adipose tissue, while the conversion of iBAT to white adipose tissue-like tissue contributed to elevated levels of circulating interleukin-6, exacerbating cardiac pathology.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Ian James Bell, Matthew Sheldon Horn, Terence John Van Raay
Summary: The non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways have different roles in cancer and development, involving calcium and Vangl2. Cells tend to choose non-canonical Wnt signaling over canonical Wnt signaling when presented with a choice, but this occurs rarely in vivo.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinjin Jiang, Guofu Zhang, Min Yu, Juan Gu, Yang Zheng, Jinxia Sun, Shibin Ding
Summary: The study suggests that chronic exposure to fine particulate matter may induce glucose metabolic disorder through the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, while supplementation of quercetin can significantly mitigate these adverse effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jianrui Song, Diana Farris, Paola Ariza, Smriti Moorjani, Mita Varghese, Muriel Blin, Judy Chen, Daniel Tyrrell, Min Zhang, Kanakadurga Singer, Morgan Salmon, Daniel R. Goldstein
Summary: This study reveals that aging enhances atherosclerosis through the increased inflammation of visceral fat. The transplantation of aged fat onto the carotid artery of mice resulted in larger atherosclerotic plaques with increased macrophage numbers. Inflammatory factors secreted by adipose tissue macrophages, including TNF alpha, CXCL2, and CCL2, were found to contribute to the enhancement of atherosclerosis in aging fat transplants.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sean R. Millar, Ivan J. Perry, Catherine M. Phillips
Summary: This study found that predicted VAT equations explained a greater proportion of variance in inflammatory biomarkers compared to traditional anthropometric measures, suggesting that equations for assessing VAT levels may be useful for characterizing metabolic health. Further research is recommended to investigate the relationships between predicted VAT levels and disease and mortality outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Henry S. Kahn
Summary: BMI does not provide information about the relative size of adipose tissue depots, while SAD is associated with visceral fat accumulation, which may contribute to the estimation of cardiometabolic risk. SADHtR is more strongly associated with intermediary predictors of cardiometabolic disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giuseppe Petito, Federica Cioffi, Elena Silvestri, Rita De Matteis, Davide Lattanzi, Pieter de Lange, Assunta Lombardi, Maria Moreno, Fernando Goglia, Antonia Lanni, Rosalba Senese
Summary: This study demonstrates that T2 is able to counteract some adverse effects caused by a long-lasting HFD and to produce beneficial effects on inflammation. Irisin and SIRT1 pathway may represent a mechanism underlying the above described effects.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natalia Santillana, Camila Astudillo-Guerrero, Amanda D'Espessailles, Gonzalo Cruz
Summary: White adipose tissue dysfunction is crucial in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic alterations related to obesity. Dysfunction is characterized by limited expansion capacity, increased adipocyte hypertrophy, altered adipokine secretion, macrophage accumulation and inflammation. Simple tools are needed to identify individuals with dysfunctional adipose tissue who are at risk of developing metabolic alterations. This review highlights the current pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging measurements for assessing white adipose tissue functionality.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sara Castro-Barquero, Rosa Casas, Eric B. Rimm, Anna Tresserra-Rimbau, Dora Romaguera, J. Alfredo Martinez, Jordi Salas-Salvado, Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez, Josep Vidal, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Jadwiga Konieczna, Emilio Sacanella, Jesus Francisco Garcia-Gavilan, Montse Fito, Ana Garcia-Arellano, Ramon Estruch
Summary: This study found that excessive visceral adipose tissue is associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules, leading to systemic inflammation and obesity-related metabolic disturbances. The reduction in visceral adipose tissue is associated with improvements in various inflammatory and adiposity markers, especially insulin, c-peptide, and PAI-1 levels, which may contribute to a decrease in cardiometabolic disturbances observed in obesity.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele Moruzzi, Nora Kloeting, Matthias Blueher, Ilenia Martinelli, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Maria Gabriella Gabrielli, Proshanta Roy, Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura, Carlo Cifani, Giulio Lupidi, Francesco Amenta, Daniele Tomassoni
Summary: Although tart cherries are rich in anthocyanins, the study found that a tart cherry-enriched diet did not alter the accumulation of visceral fat, but could decrease inflammatory markers in adipose tissue.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Muhei Tanaka, Hiroshi Okada, Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Muneaki Kumagai, Hiromi Nishimura, Michiaki Fukui
Summary: This study found that intraperitoneal VAT (IVAT) and retroperitoneal VAT (RVAT) are differently associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components. IVAT area index was independently associated with MS and its components, while RVAT area index was only associated with the blood pressure component.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Latorre, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Francisco Ortega, Ferran Comas, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete
Summary: This study investigated the role of CDO1 gene expression in adipose tissue and found that higher CDO1 expression was associated with improved metabolic profiles, decreased fasting triglycerides and blood HbA1c levels, as well as gene expression markers of adipocyte function and inflammation in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Valmore Bermudez, Pablo Duran, Edward Rojas, Maria P. Diaz, Jose Rivas, Manuel Nava, Maricarmen Chacin, Mayela Cabrera de Bravo, Ruben Carrasquero, Climaco Cano Ponce, Jose Luis Gorriz, Luis D'Marco
Summary: This article discusses the pathophysiology and consequences of adipose tissue expansion, particularly its association with meta-inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis. It also explores the mechanisms involved in metabolic reprogramming in AT, which may be causative factors for cardiovascular disease. Finally, it clarifies how lifestyle changes can improve myocardial cell function and develop effective non-pharmacologic approaches to combating CVD through changes in AT proteomics and gut microbiome.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pavel Hruska, Jan Kucera, Matej Pekar, Pavol Holeczy, Miloslav Mazur, Marek Buzga, Daniela Kuruczova, Peter Lenart, Jana Fialova Kucerova, David Potesil, Zbynek Zdrahal, Julie Bienertova-Vasku
Summary: The study compared the proteomic profiles of mature adipocytes from different adipose tissue depots, with findings showing that subcutaneous adipocytes are more active in vesicular transport, secretion, and lipid metabolism, while visceral adipocytes have higher protein expression related to mitochondrial energy metabolism and translational or biosynthetic activity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maria A. Zuriaga, Jose J. Fuster
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that conventional cardiovascular risk factors are incomplete predictors of cardiovascular disease, as a substantial risk remains even when these factors are well-managed. Clonal hematopoiesis has emerged as a new and potent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other cardiometabolic conditions. However, the understanding of the epidemiology, biology, and clinical implications of this phenomenon remains incomplete.
CIRCULATION JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Maria A. Zuriaga, Jose J. Fuster
Summary: Despite current standards of care, there is still a significant risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in both primary and secondary prevention. Clonal hematopoiesis driven by somatic mutations has recently been identified as a common and independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Experimental studies suggest that certain mutations in TET2 and JAK2 genes, which are frequently found in clonal hematopoiesis, contribute to inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis development, providing a possible explanation for the increased cardiovascular risk. This review aims to provide an overview of our current understanding of this emerging cardiovascular risk factor.
CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jonathan B. Berlowitz, Wubin Xie, Alyssa F. Harlow, Naomi M. Hamburg, Michael J. Blaha, Aruni Bhatnagar, Emelia J. Benjamin, Andrew C. Stokes
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leili Behrooz, Jennifer E. Ho, Naomi M. Hamburg
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Jose J. Fuster
Summary: Somatic mutations are not only common in cancer, but also present in non-cancerous cells, particularly in the hematopoietic system. Clonal hematopoiesis, driven by certain mutations, is associated with a higher risk of hematological malignancies and may also contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Miriam Diez-Diez, Jose J. Fuster
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Miriam Diez-Diez, Marta Amoros-Perez, Jorge de la Barrera, Enrique Vazquez, Ana Quintas, Domingo A. Pascual-Figal, Ana Dopazo, Fatima Sanchez-Cabo, Monica E. Kleinman, Leslie B. Gordon, Valentin Fuster, Vicente Andres, Jose J. Fuster
Summary: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), the presence of somatic mutations in cancer-related genes in blood cells without hematological cancer, is an important risk factor for age-related conditions, especially cardiovascular disease. It is unknown whether CHIP plays a role in premature aging syndromes. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an ultra-rare genetic condition characterized by accelerated aging. This study investigated the prevalence of CHIP in HGPS patients and found that it is not frequent in HGPS, suggesting that it is unlikely to contribute to the pathophysiology of this accelerated aging syndrome.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jose J. Fuster, Benedetta Izzi
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susan MacLauchlan, Priyanka Kushwaha, Albert Tai, Sijia Chen, Catherine Manning, Gaurav Swarnkar, Yousef Abu-Amer, Katherine A. Fitzgerald, Shruti Sharma, Ellen M. Gravallese
Summary: Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) mediates interferon signaling and plays a crucial role in regulating homeostatic processes, including osteoclast differentiation and bone homeostasis. STING prevents trabecular bone loss in mice and influences osteoclast precursor differentiation through the regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). These findings provide evidence for the important role of STING pathway in bone homeostasis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gary F. Mitchell, Jian Rong, Martin G. Larson, Leroy L. Cooper, Vanessa Xanthakis, Emelia J. Benjamin, Naomi M. Hamburg, Ramachandran S. Vasan
Summary: Systolic blood pressure increases with age after midlife, particularly in women, and contributes to development of wide pulse pressure hypertension in middle-aged and older adults. The relative contributions of aortic stiffness and premature wave reflection to increases in pulse pressure remain controversial.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jason Cunha, Melissa V. Chan, Bongani B. Nkambule, Florian Thibord, Amber Lachapelle, Robin E. Pashek, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Jian Rong, Emelia J. Benjamin, Naomi M. Hamburg, Ming-Huei Chen, Gary F. Mitchell, Andrew D. Johnson
Summary: Arterial tonometry and vascular calcification measures are valuable in assessing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study examined the relationship between arterial tonometry, platelet function, arterial calcium, and aortic diameter. The results suggest that higher arterial calcium may be associated with increased platelet reactivity, while larger aortic diameter may be linked to lower platelet reactivity. These findings indicate the potential interplay between subclinical atherosclerosis, platelet activation, and vascular structure.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leili Behrooz, Carrie G. Lenneman, Naomi M. Hamburg
Summary: This review discusses the impact of obesity on cardiovascular disease in women and the emerging anti-obesity pharmacologic treatments. The evidence shows that obesity burdens women across their lifespan and is linked to a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Female-specific risk factors, such as sex hormones and pregnancy factors, intersect with obesity and cardiovascular risk. Sustained weight loss has the potential for cardiovascular benefits. Recent trials demonstrate the cardiovascular benefits of emerging agents with weight loss effects, such as GLP-1 RA and SGLT2 inhibitors, in women.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ross Okazaki, Naomi M. Hamburg
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
