Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Haijian Sun, Yunke Guo, Haidan Wang, Ailing Yin, Jing Hu, Tianjie Yuan, Shuxin Zhou, Weichen Xu, Peng Wei, Shusheng Yin, Panru Liu, Xi Guo, Yizhao Tang, Yujiao Yan, Zichen Luo, Majie Wang, Qingqing Liang, Peng Wu, Aifeng Zhang, Zhuxiu Zhou, Yueyue Chen, Yongming Li, Jing Li, Jinjun Shan, Wei Zhou
Summary: This study found that the food-derived Parabacteroides distasonis can ameliorate the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is negatively correlated with disease activity in RA patients. In addition, 3-oxoLCA and isoLCA can inhibit the development of RA by stimulating TGR5 and promoting macrophage polarization.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shivohum Bahuguna, Magda Atilano, Marcus Glittenberg, Dohun Lee, Srishti Arora, Lihui Wang, Jun Zhou, Siamak P. Redhai, Michael P. Boutros, Petros P. Ligoxygakis
Summary: The immune system of fruit flies recognizes gut bacteria and activates a metabolic pathway to regulate lipid breakdown, which is important for the retention of intestinal bacteria. The TOR pathway inhibits lipid breakdown in fly mutants with reduced immune recognition, leading to increased gut fat accumulation. Blocking the TOR pathway restores both lipid levels and the density of gut bacteria to normal levels.
Article
Microbiology
Tyler A. Rice, Agata A. Bielecka, Mytien T. Nguyen, Connor E. Rosen, Deguang Song, Nicole D. Sonnert, Yi Yang, Yiyun Cao, Varnica Khetrapal, Jason R. Catanzaro, Anjelica L. Martin, Saleh A. Rashed, Shana R. Leopold, Liming Hao, Xuezhu Yu, David van Dijk, Aaron M. Ring, Richard A. Flavell, Marcel R. de Zoete, Noah W. Palm
Summary: This study reveals the reciprocal interaction between human gut bacteria that dictates divergent immunological outcomes. It also establishes a generalizable framework to define the contextual cues contributing to the incomplete penetrance of microbial impacts on human disease.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chih-Ho Lai, Tzu-Lung Lin, Mei-Zi Huang, Shiao-Wen Li, Hui-Yu Wu, Ya-Fang Chiu, Chia-Yu Yang, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Hsin-Chih Lai
Summary: Parabacteroides goldsteinii MTS01 can modulate gut microbiota composition and has anti-virulence factor functions, making it a potential novel functional probiotic for reducing H. pylori-induced pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Caijun Zhao, Lijuan Bao, Min Qiu, Keyi Wu, Yihong Zhao, Lianjun Feng, Kaihe Xiang, Naisheng Zhang, Xiaoyu Hu
Summary: This study found that cows with mastitis had significant gut dysbiosis, characterized by enrichment of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and depletion of commensal bacteria. Fecal microbiota transplantation from cows with mastitis to mice induced mastitis and altered gut and mammary microbiota in mice. The commensal bacteria improved mastitis symptoms by producing butyrate, limiting bacterial translocation.
Article
Biology
Shanshan Sun, Li Sun, Kai Wang, Shanshan Qiao, Xinyue Zhao, Xiaomin Hu, Wei Chen, Shuyang Zhang, Hantian Li, Huanqin Dai, Hongwei Liu
Summary: The study found that the gut commensal Candida parapsilosis is a causative fungus for the development of high fat-diet induced obesity in mice, highlighting the therapeutic strategy targeting gut fungi. In addition, the results suggest that fungi could represent possible targets for combating obesity.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Ting Zhang, Jin-ke Cheng, Yao-min Hu
Summary: Sarcopenia, a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with aging, has been shown to be closely related to gut microbiota. Strategies such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation have shown potential in ameliorating muscle loss.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jessica D. Hathaway-Schrader, Matthew D. Carson, Joy E. Gerasco, Amy J. Warner, Brooks A. Swanson, J. Ignacio Aguirre, Caroline Westwater, Bei Liu, Chad M. Novince
Summary: The study demonstrated that commensal gut microbes modulate osteoimmune processes and skeletal homeostasis in alveolar bone, challenging the conventional belief that oral microbes solely regulate alveolar bone health.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Moamen M. Elmassry, Ahmed Zayed, Mohamed A. Farag
Summary: Food contaminants have direct toxic effects on human health and can also influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota. This review provides a comprehensive overview of how food contaminants specifically affect the gut microbiota and intestinal homeostasis, and discusses the potential role of the gut microbiota in biodegrading these chemicals.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jessica Spring, Aly A. Khan, Sophie Lara, Kelly O'Grady, Jessica Wilks, Sandeep Gurbuxani, Steven Erickson, Michael Fischbach, Amy Jacobson, Alexander Chervonsky, Tatyana Golovkina
Summary: The microbiota plays a significant role in retroviral pathogenesis by promoting leukemia development through suppression of the immune response. The upregulation of negative regulators of immunity by commensal bacteria suggests potential targets for cancer therapy.
Review
Immunology
Yanan Li, Zixuan Ye, Jianguo Zhu, Shuguang Fang, Lijuan Meng, Chen Zhou
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in stimulating and shaping the body's adaptive immune response, influencing immune homeostasis and tumor development. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of microbiota-immunity interaction.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haitham Hajjo, Naama Geva-Zatorsky
Summary: The gut microbiota and the immune system have evolved together to interact and cooperate in various ways, with different strains of gut bacteria from the same species potentially inducing varying immunophenotypes in the host. This suggests that the immunomodulatory capabilities of gut bacteria may be strain-specific.
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Baojie Zhang, Yadong Zhong, Dejun Dong, Zhitian Zheng, Jielun Hu
Summary: This review focuses on gut microbiota and their utilization of xylan, the second most abundant indigestible carbohydrate found in nature. It summarizes the physico-chemical features of xylan, the xylanases needed for its decomposition, and the microbial degradation of xylan. The implications of xylan on intestinal homeostasis and metabolic response are discussed, with emphasis on specific gut microbes and the complexity of xylan structure, providing insights into the inconsistent results in human studies.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zilu Cheng, Li Zhang, Ling Yang, Huikuan Chu
Summary: Obesity is a global epidemic that significantly affects the health state of individuals and strains the socioeconomic system. The prevalence of obesity is rising at alarming rates, and its etiology involves complicated interactions of diet, genetics, and environment. The gut microbiota has been confirmed to be correlated with obesity, but the specific relationship and mechanisms are not fully understood. Altered gut microbiota and associated metabolites contribute to the progression of obesity by disrupting energy homeostasis, promoting lipid synthesis and storage, modulating central appetite and feeding behavior, as well as triggering chronic inflammation. Intentional manipulation of the gut microbiota holds promise as novel therapies for obesity, including the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Rian Harriman, Jamal S. Lewis
Summary: This article discusses the symbiotic relationship between mammals and gut commensal microbes, highlighting the importance of immunomodulatory molecules produced by commensals in maintaining immune tolerance. The incorporation of these molecules into biomaterial-based strategies could potentially expand the application of commensal-derived therapeutics.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Yanchun Li, Zhongyang Lu, Lixia Zhang, Keith L. Kirkwood, Maria F. Lopes-Virella, Yan Huang
Review
Oncology
Zhenning Li, Fa-yu Liu, Keith L. Kirkwood
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael B. Chavez, Kaitrin Kramer, Emily Y. Chu, Vivek Thumbigere-Math, Brian L. Foster
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
M. Hanief Sofi, Yongxia Wu, Taylor Ticer, Steven Schutt, David Bastian, Hee-Jin Choi, Linlu Tian, Corey Mealer, Chen Liu, Caroline Westwater, Kent E. Armeson, Alexander Alekseyenko, Xue-Zhong Yu
Summary: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a pathological process occurring after allo-HCT, in which changes in the intestinal microbiota are closely linked to GVHD development. The use of beneficial Bacteroides can improve GVHD outcomes.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
K. H. Kwack, L. Zhang, J. Sohn, V Maglaras, R. Thiyagarajan, K. L. Kirkwood
Summary: The study suggests that expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in obese mice may contribute to the formation of osteoclasts during periodontitis, leading to increased alveolar bone destruction. This provides a more detailed mechanistic understanding of the interplay between obesity and periodontitis.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Yanchun Li, Zhongyang Lu, Lixia Zhang, Cameron L. Kirkwood, Keith L. Kirkwood, Maria F. Lopes-Virella, Yan Huang
Summary: Imipramine, as an inhibitor of aSMase, abolishes the synergy between MetS and periodontitis on alveolar bone loss in animal model and inhibits pro-inflammatory and pro-osteoclastogenic gene expression in macrophages in vitro. This study suggests that aSMase could be a potential therapeutic target for MetS-exacerbated periodontitis.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jessica D. Hathaway-Schrader, Matthew D. Carson, Joy E. Gerasco, Amy J. Warner, Brooks A. Swanson, J. Ignacio Aguirre, Caroline Westwater, Bei Liu, Chad M. Novince
Summary: The study demonstrated that commensal gut microbes modulate osteoimmune processes and skeletal homeostasis in alveolar bone, challenging the conventional belief that oral microbes solely regulate alveolar bone health.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jiho Sohn, Lu Li, Lixia Zhang, Rajendra P. Settem, Kiyonobu Honma, Ashu Sharma, Karen L. Falkner, Jan M. Novak, Yijun Sun, Keith L. Kirkwood
Summary: Recent epidemiological studies have shown that inflammatory bowel disease is associated with periodontal disease. This study reveals the mechanism behind P. gingivalis-mediated intestinal inflammation and identifies the alteration in gut microbiota as a key factor in causing intestinal inflammation.
MOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jessica D. Hathaway-Schrader, Johannes D. Aartun, Nicole A. Poulides, Megan B. Kuhn, Blakely E. McCormick, Michael E. Chew, Emily Huang, Richard P. Darveau, Caroline Westwater, Chad M. Novince
Summary: Commensal oral microbiota has distinct osteoimmunomodulatory effects separate from the systemic microbiome, leading to enhanced pro-osteoclastic actions in alveolar bone through increased TLR signaling and Th17 cells. These effects are limited to the bone marrow of alveolar bone and not long bone.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Subin Surendran, Usama Aboelkheir, Andrew A. Tu, William J. Magner, S. Lynn Sigurdson, Mihai Merzianu, Wesley L. Hicks, Amritha Suresh, Keith L. Kirkwood, Moni A. Kuriakose
Summary: This study identified T regulatory cells (Treg) infiltrating oral dysplastic lesions, suggesting their association with disease progression. CD8(+) effector T cells and immune checkpoint markers PD-1 and PD-L1 were also associated with oral cancer progression, indicating the presence of an adaptive immune response and T-cell exhaustion.
Article
Pathology
Matthew D. Carson, Amy J. Warner, Vincenza L. Geiser, Jessica D. Hathaway-Schrader, Alexander V. Alekseyenko, Julie Marshall, Caroline Westwater, Chad M. Novince
Summary: Retrospective analysis of Medicaid claims data suggests that tetracycline class antibiotics are commonly prescribed for adolescent acne treatment, and prolonged exposure to these antibiotics during adolescence can have lasting effects on gut microbiota, liver metabolism, and adiposity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Yanchun Li, Zhongyang Lu, Cameron L. Kirkwood, Keith L. Kirkwood, Stephen A. Wank, Ai-Jun Li, Maria F. Lopes-Virella, Yan Huang
Summary: GPR40 deficiency worsens alveolar bone loss and periodontal inflammation in patients with periodontitis and MetS, indicating a beneficial role of GPR40 in MetS-associated periodontitis. Furthermore, GPR40 deficiency or inhibition in macrophages further upregulates proinflammatory and pro-osteoclastogenic genes induced by LPS and palmitic acid, suggesting that GPR40 has anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenic properties.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
L. Li, Y. Hayashi-Okada, K. L. Falkner, S. Cervi, S. Andrusz, Y. Shimizu, J. J. Zambon, K. L. Kirkwood, R. E. Schifferle, P. I. Diaz
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an intensive, at-home, chemical, and mechanical antiplaque regimen as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of periodontitis. The results showed that intensive antiplaque measures can improve periodontal therapy outcomes, particularly in subjects with diabetes.
JDR CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jessica Hathaway-Schrader, Johannes Aartun, Nicole Poulides, Megan Kuhn, Blakely Graham, Michael Chew, Emily Huang, Richard Darveau, Caroline Westwater, Chad Novince
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew Carson, Amy Warner, Jessica Hathaway-Schrader, Brooks Swanson, Joy Kirkpatrick, Alexander Alekseyenko, Jose Aguirre, Caroline Westwater, Chad Novince
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2020)