Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Isabel Hsu, Leonard Hsu, Sonam Dorjee, Chao-Chin Hsu
Summary: This study investigated bacterial colonization at cesarean scar defects (CSDs) in women with secondary infertility, and found a high percentage of bacterial colonization.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ipek Gurol-Urganci, Jennifer Jardine, Fran Carroll, Alissa Fremeaux, Patrick Muller, Sophie Relph, Lara Waite, Kirstin Webster, Sam Oddie, Jane Hawdon, Tina Harris, Asma Khalil, Jan van Der Meulen
Summary: This study assessed the association between hospital-level rates of induction of labour and emergency caesarean section, as measures of 'practice style', and rates of adverse perinatal outcomes. The results showed that women who gave birth in hospitals with a higher rate of induction of labour had better perinatal outcomes, while there was no significant association between hospital-level rates of emergency caesarean section and adverse perinatal outcomes.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Salem Djebala, Elise Coria, Florian Munaut, Linde Gille, Justine Eppe, Nassim Moula, Bernard Taminiau, Georges Daube, Philippe Bossaert
Summary: A study on 76 Belgian Blue cows undergoing elective caesarean section revealed that most samples had negative bacteriology, while positive swabs mainly identified aerobic gram-negative strains. Therefore, preoperative antibiotics should target these bacteria.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Newton Opiyo, Saverio Bellizzi, Maria Regina Torloni, Joao Paulo Souza, Ana Pilar Betran
Summary: This study analyzed the rates and risks of prelabour Caesarean section (PLCS) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). The results showed that PLCS, compared with vaginal delivery, was associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in singleton term pregnancies in LMICs. Maternal age, education, economic status, and BMI were found to be factors associated with primary PLCS.
Article
Immunology
Eleonora Sofie van Tuyll van Serooskerken, Rauand Duhoky, Johannes W. W. Verweij, Louis Bont, Hubertus G. M. Arets, Arnold J. N. Bittermann, David C. C. van der Zee, Stefaan H. A. J. Tytgat, Maud Y. A. Lindeboom
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence and specific pathogens of lower airway bacterial colonization (LABC) in patients with esophageal atresia (EA). The results showed that approximately 57% of patients had at least one positive sample for LABC, with Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus being the most commonly found pathogens. The number of respiratory tract infections and the presence of a recurrent fistula were significantly associated with LABC.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biology
Rozlyn C. T. Boutin, Charisse Petersen, Sarah E. Woodward, Antonio Serapio-Palacios, Tahereh Bozorgmehr, Rachelle Loo, Alina Chalanuchpong, Mihai Cirstea, Bernard Lo, Kelsey E. Huus, Weronika Barcik, Meghan B. Azad, Allan B. Becker, Piush J. Mandhane, Theo J. Moraes, Malcolm R. Sears, Padmaja Subbarao, Kelly M. McNagny, Stuart E. Turvey, B. Brett Finlay
Summary: This study found that overgrowth of the fungus Pichia kudriavzevii in the infant gut increases the risk of asthma, demonstrating a causal association between early-life fungal dysbiosis and later allergic airway disease. The research also showed that the growth and adherence of P. kudriavzevii in the gut epithelial cells are altered by short-chain fatty acids, suggesting potential for microbiota-based asthma therapeutics leveraging inter-kingdom interactions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rajdeep Chakraborty, Karen Vickery, Charbel Darido, Shoba Ranganathan, Honghua Hu
Summary: Oral cancer is a global health issue with low survival rates, and bacterial antigens may interfere with the effectiveness of capsaicin in treating oral cancer cells. Capsaicin's anti-cancer effects on oral cancer cells are significantly reduced by bacterial antigens, suggesting a need for clinical consideration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Adela Recio Alcaide, Jose M. Arranz
Summary: The study findings indicate that the EAPN health policy significantly reduced caesarean rates and perinatal mortality levels in Spanish public hospitals, leading to substantial cost savings.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dana Sumilo, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Brian H. Willis, Gavin M. Rudge, James Martin, Krishna Gokhale, Rasiah Thayakaran, Nicola J. Adderley, Joht Singh Chandan, Kelvin Okoth, Isobel M. Harris, Ruth Hewston, Magdalena Skrybant, Jonathan J. Deeks, Peter Brocklehurst
Summary: This study investigates the impact of using antibiotic prophylaxis before and after cesarean section on child health up to age 5. The findings suggest that there is no significant association between pre-incision antibiotic use and the risk of asthma and eczema in children born by cesarean section.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katariina Laine, Aase Devold Pay, Branka M. Yli
Summary: A study in Norway found that the rate of caesarean section (CS) decreased between 1999 and 2018, while fetal and neonatal mortality rates also decreased. Norwegian obstetricians and midwives played a significant role in maintaining a low CS rate below 17%, indicating that restricting the use of CS is a safe option for perinatal health.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jozef Zahumensky, Pavel Dolezal, Michal Braticak, Ruth Baneszova, Peter Papcun
Summary: This observational study in Slovakia found that 5.1% of women developed new urine colonisations after Foley catheter insertion post-Caesarean section, with emergency C-section as the only confirmed risk factor. Therefore, practitioners should consider avoiding catheterisation during C-sections.
JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Salem Djebala, Elise Coria, Florian Munaut, Linde Gille, Justine Eppe, Nassim Moula, Bernard Taminiau, Georges Daube, Philippe Bossaert
Summary: To improve antibiotic treatment during elective caesarean sections, it is necessary to understand the bacterial composition of the surgical site. This study found that bacterial DNA was present in all surgical sites, with Mycoplasma wenyonii being the most commonly identified species. However, not all bacteria cultured were identified through DNA sequencing. Further research is needed to understand the role of these bacteria in post-operative complications and the effect of antibiotic treatment.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Randa Al-Kharabsheh, Muayyad Ahmad
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether skin and mucous membrane colonisation with Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus increases the incidence of surgical site infection post-elective Caesarean Sections. The findings suggest a significant correlation between skin and mucous membrane colonisation with bacteria and the incidence of surgical site infection.
JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Julian M. Trachsel, Bradley L. Bearson, Brian J. Kerr, Daniel C. Shippy, Kristen A. Byrne, Crystal L. Loving, Shawn M. D. Bearson
Summary: This study demonstrates that feeding pigs with a diet containing resistant potato starch (RPS) can alter the colonization and activity of certain beneficial bacteria, thereby reducing the amount of Salmonella in their feces. Pigs with higher abundance of these types of beneficial bacteria in their gut had less Salmonella in their feces.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Simon Lea, Augusta Beech, James Baker, Rosemary Gaskell, Dharmendra Pindolia, Aisha Baba Dikwa, Rajesh Shah, Dave Singh
Summary: COPD patients have increased susceptibility to bacterial colonisation in the airways, with Haemophilus influenzae being associated with higher neutrophil counts. This study found that lung macrophages responded differently to different bacterial species, with increased production of the neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL8 in response to Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis but not Streptococcus pneumoniae. Streptococcus pneumoniae induced macrophage apoptosis and ROS release, while Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis increased anti-apoptosis gene expression. These differential responses of macrophages to different bacterial species can explain the airway inflammation associated with Haemophilus influenzae in COPD patients.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ching-Yen Kuo, Chin-Kan Chan, Jing-Long Huang, Chiung-Yi Wu, Dinh-Van Phan, Huei-Yu Lo, Chien-Lung Chan
Summary: This study investigated the trends in childhood asthma hospitalization in regions with differing levels of air pollution in Taiwan. The national trend showed a significant decrease in childhood asthma hospitalization. The effects of air pollution on childhood asthma were greater in areas with higher levels of air pollution.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kuan-Wen Su, Chih-Yung Chiu, Ming-Han Tsai, Sui-Lin Liao, Li-Chen Chen, Man-Chin Hua, Tsung-Chieh Yao, Jing-Long Huang, Kuo-Wei Yeh
Summary: This study found that cord blood soluble FasL levels were associated with allergic rhinitis, expiratory airway obstruction, FeNO, and house dust mite sensitization in 7-year-old children, suggesting that cord blood soluble FasL levels may be a predictor for allergic diseases in children.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Li-Chen Chen, Hsu-Min Tseng, Ming-Ling Kuo, Chih-Yung Chiu, Sui-Ling Liao, Kuan-Wen Su, Ming-Han Tsai, Man-Chin Hua, Shen-Hao Lai, Tsung-Chieh Yao, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Ai-Hsuan Wu, Hsiu-Yueh Yu, Jing-Long Huang, Shau-Ku Huang
Summary: The study found that exhaled 15-HETE can distinguish childhood asthma, while significantly increased levels of 15-HETE and decreased levels of TXB2 at convalescence play a significant role in monitoring therapeutic outcomes.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ming-Han Tsai, Hsiang-Ju Shih, Kuan-Wen Su, Sui-Ling Liao, Man-Chin Hua, Tsung-Chieh Yao, Shen-Hao Lai, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Li-Chen Chen, Jing-Long Huang, Chih-Yung Chiu
Summary: This study analyzed the association between nasopharyngeal microbiota, serum immunoglobin E levels, and childhood respiratory allergies. The results suggest that alterations in the nasopharyngeal microbiota composition may influence the development of respiratory allergies in children.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ching-Min Tang, Gigin Lin, Meng-Han Chiang, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Jing-Long Huang, Kuan-Wen Su, Ming-Han Tsai, Man-Chin Hua, Sui-Ling Liao, Shen-Hao Lai, Chih-Yung Chiu
Summary: Early exposure to formula milk increases the risk of cow's milk sensitization and food allergies in later childhood. The study found that formula feeding was associated with specific urinary metabolites that were related to milk sensitization. Gut microbial-derived metabolites and IgE-associated metabolites were found to play important roles in the development of sensitization and allergic symptoms in response to formula feeding.
Article
Pediatrics
Jason Tsai, Jin-Yao Lai, Yi-Hao Lin, Ming-Han Tsai, Pai-Jui Yeh, Chyi-Liang Chen, Yi-Jung Chang
Summary: Identifying ischemic ovary as a complication of ovary torsion (OT) is a significant challenge in children. This study aimed to identify risk factors for ischemic OT among pediatric OT patients to prevent delayed treatment. The presence of potential risk factors of vomiting, leukocytosis, and CRP more significant than 40 mg/L may assist clinicians in ensuring an expedited surgical treatment.
Article
Pediatrics
Yi-Ting Cheng, Yu-Shin Lee, Jainn-Jim Lin, Hung-Tao Chung, Yhu-Chering Huang, Kuan-Wen Su
Summary: Kawasaki disease is an acute systemic vasculitis that mainly affects infants and children, and can lead to coronary artery complications if not treated promptly. Node-first-presenting KD is a common type of Kawasaki disease that primarily affects older pediatric population, and has a more intense inflammatory process. Early recognition of atypical KD is crucial regardless of age.
Article
Allergy
Yu-Ho Chang, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Jing-Long Huang, Kuan-Wen Su, Ming-Han Tsai, Man-Chin Hua, Sui-Ling Liao, Shen-Hao Lai, Li-Chen Chen, Chih-Yung Chiu
Summary: This study found associations between vitamin D levels and atopic diseases, as well as metabolites, with further correlation analysis revealing interactions between them. Amino acid metabolism was closely related to vitamin D levels and childhood allergies.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Hsin-Ju Lee, Hui-Ju Tsai, Hsin-Yi Huang, Chun-Chun Gau, Chia-Hua Ho, Jing-Long Huang, Tsung-Chieh Yao
Summary: This study found a positive correlation between cord blood IgE levels and allergic sensitization, FeNO elevation, and asthma in Asian schoolchildren. Cord blood IgE could be a useful indicator for identifying newborns at risk for subsequent allergic sensitization and allergic airway inflammation.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kuan-Ta Ho, Kuan-Wen Su, Sui-Ling Liao, Chih-Yung Chiu, Man-Chin Hua, Jing-Long Huang, Yhu-Chering Huang, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Tzou-Yien Lin, Ming -Han Tsai
Summary: This study conducted a large-scale cohort study on children for 6 years and found that Moraxella catarrhalis is a common respiratory pathogen with an increasing trend in children under 5 years old. Breastfeeding helps reduce the risk of M. catarrhalis carriage, but an extended period of exclusive breastfeeding may increase its colonization rate.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pei-Shin Gu, Kuan-Wen Su, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Jing-Long Huang, Fu-Sung Lo, Chih-Yung Chiu
Summary: This study used metabolomics-based approaches to investigate the molecular mechanisms of childhood hypercholesterolemia and identified metabolites significantly associated with different cholesterol levels. Glutamic acid and tyrosine were identified as crucial amino acids in lipid metabolism, with glutamic acid-related amino acid metabolism playing a significant role in regulating cholesterol levels.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ming-Han Tsai, Chih-Yung Chiu
Summary: Vaccination is crucial for reducing infectious diseases in children, but concerns about vaccine safety can lead to incomplete immunization. It is important to understand allergic reactions to vaccines, their mechanisms, and management strategies to ensure the safest care. This review provides an overview of allergic reactions to vaccines and offers recommendations for diagnosis and management in children with suspected allergies.
Article
Allergy
Kuan-Wen Su, Dah-Chin Yan, Liang-Shiou Ou, Li-Lun Lin, Chao-Yi Wu, Shu-Jung Huang, Tsung-Chieh Yao, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Jing-Long Huang
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence, impact, and associated factors of asthma in Taiwanese adolescents. The results showed that the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 12.4%, and asthma had a significant impact on the lives of adolescents. Factors associated with asthma included gender, maternal history of asthma, and frequency of paracetamol use in the past month.
WORLD ALLERGY ORGANIZATION JOURNAL
(2023)