Article
Electrochemistry
Yutaro Norikawa, Yurina Horiba, Kouji Yasuda, Toshiyuki Nohira
Summary: We have proposed a novel method for diamond synthesis using molten salt electrolysis. This method involves simultaneous carbon deposition and hydrogen generation, with selective reaction of hydrogen with carbon atoms possessing sp (2) hybrid orbitals to form CH4 gas. As a result, only carbon atoms with sp (3) hybrid orbitals are able to grow and form diamond. Experimental analysis using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the successful synthesis of diamond using potentiostatic electrolysis at 1.1 V vs Li+/Li, with a charge density of 10 C cm(-2) in molten LiCl-KCl-K2CO3-KOH at 973 K.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haoyan Cheng, Chenxiao Wang, Dong Qin, Younan Xia
Summary: Galvanic replacement synthesis is a method involving oxidation and dissolution of atoms from a substrate while reducing and depositing a salt precursor on the substrate. It offers advantages over conventional electrosynthesis due to the use of micro/nanostructured materials, which increase surface area and enable intimate mixing with the precursor. The synthesis enables control over the growth pattern of deposited atoms on the substrate, leading to diverse nanomaterials with controllable compositions and shapes.
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haoyan Cheng, Chenxiao Wang, Dong Qin, Younan Xia
Summary: Galvanic replacement synthesis involves the oxidation and dissolution of atoms from a substrate while reducing and depositing a salt precursor with a higher reduction potential on the substrate. Micro/nanostructured materials can be mixed with the salt precursor in a solution phase, increasing the surface area and allowing for controlled growth patterns of the deposited material. This synthesis method has been successfully applied to various substrates, resulting in diverse nanomaterials with controllable compositions and morphologies.
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xin-Xin Hu, Zhu-Bo Wang, Pengfei Zhang, Guang-Jie Chen, Yan-Lei Zhang, Gang Li, Xu-Bo Zou, Tiancai Zhang, Hong X. Tang, Chun-Hua Dong, Guang-Can Guo, Chang-Ling Zou
Summary: The study demonstrates a method of magnetic-free non-reciprocity by optically-induced magnetization in an atom ensemble. Excellent isolation performance (with highest isolation ratio of 51.5 dB) is observed over a power dynamic range of 7 orders of magnitude, with noiseless property verified by quantum statistics measurements. This approach can be applied to other atoms and atom-like emitters, paving the way for future studies of integrated photonic non-reciprocal devices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shu-Meng Yang, Hsi-Kai Yen, Kuo-Chang Lu
Summary: In this study, high-density and crystalline indium tin oxide nanowires (ITO NWs) were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, and silver nanoparticles were decorated on the surface of the NWs using an electrochemical method. The ITO NWs exhibited visible light-emitting properties and high resistivity, indicating their potential application in electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Chen, Linlin He, Zhengyang Fan, Hongwei Yang, Huaming Mao, Yu Ren, Jungang Yin, Wei Dai, Hao Cui
Summary: Silver nanodisks (AgNDs) were successfully synthesized using ferric chloride as an auxiliary agent, polyvinylpyrrolidone and N,N-dimethylformamide as both a solvent and reducing agent. The mass ratio of reactants, temperature, and time were found to be key factors determining the morphology of the product, with the conversion of Fe3+/Fe2+ ions playing a crucial role in increasing the ratio of silver nanosheets (AgNSs). Moreover, the prepared AgNDs exhibited significant catalytic activity in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yongming Zhang, Jing Zou, Zemin He, Yuzhen Zhao, Xiaoxi Kang, Yang Zhao, Zongcheng Miao
Summary: A facile solvothermal route was utilized to synthesize SnO2 1D porous nanotubes and microplates, which were used as efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic medium. The SnO2 nanotubes exhibited higher HER activity and lower over-potential compared to microplates, showing excellent stability comparable to benchmark Pt/C. These results highlight the potential of SnO2 nanotubes for electrolyzer development.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anna A. Vasileva, Daria V. Mamonova, Vladimir Mikhailovskii, Yuri V. Petrov, Yana G. Toropova, Ilya E. Kolesnikov, Gerd Leuchs, Alina A. Manshina
Summary: This paper presents a new methodology for creating 3D ordered porous nanocomposites using anodic aluminum oxide template with polyaniline (PANI) and silver NPs. The approach involves in situ synthesis of polyaniline on templates and laser-induced deposition of Ag NPs on the pore walls. The developed structures demonstrated effectiveness as non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors for glucose detection in a concentration range crucial for medical applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Zeng, Bohan Wang, Huanhuan Zhang, Mingxiao Sun, Liangbin Huang, Yanwei Gu, Zijie Qiu, Klaus Muellen, Cheng Gu, Yuguang Ma
Summary: This study presents a one-step electrochemical method for synthesizing and depositing unsubstituted PAHs, resulting in compact and ordered supramolecular structure films, opening up new pathways for PAH-based optoelectronic devices.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Yating Qi, Ming Yang, Tian-En Zhao, Guorui Tang, Hongming He, Hongming Sun, Yijie Yang, Cheng-Peng Li
Summary: Nanoporous silver structures with a superhydrophobic surface were fabricated, which showed superior electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) performance under ambient conditions. It exhibited higher ammonia yield and faradaic efficiency, as well as excellent electrochemical stability and selectivity. This hydrophobic nanoporous catalyst design provides a valuable practical strategy for ENRR and other gas-relevant electrochemical reactions.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Wei Wen, Wangqi Ouyang, Song Guan, Aihua Chen
Summary: Polymerization induced hierarchical self-assembly (PIHSA) is a facile approach to synthesize non-spherical block copolymer (BCP) nanoparticles (NPs) by combining liquid crystallization and polymerization induced self-assembly. In this study, a PIHSA formulation based on azobenzene-containing BCPs was developed in n-butanol, achieving a high monomer conversion and morphological transformation of NPs under UV/Vis irradiation. This work expands the PIHSA systems and has potential applications in coating, smart devices, and gene delivery materials.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Waki Ikegami, Hiroshi Kamitakahara, Yoshikuni Teramoto, Toshiyuki Takano
Summary: Cellulose, comprising D-glucose and L-glucose, was synthesized via cationic ring-opening polymerization, with the deprotection and acetylation steps resulting in optically inactive cellulose triacetate. The synthesis marks the first reported instance of optically inactive D,L-cellulose, achieved through a method involving compounds 1D and 1L.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yung-Tai Chiang, Shih-Cheng Chou, Bo-Yao Sun, Pu-Wei Wu
Summary: A conductive silver membrane is successfully fabricated by coating a mixture of PDA and PEI on PPMM, demonstrating impressive electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and a wide detection range for chlorine detection in aqueous solutions.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Min Yang, Cai Hong Zhang, Nian Wu Li, Deyan Luan, Le Yu, Xiong Wen (David) Lou
Summary: This article summarizes recent progress in the structural design of micro/nanostructured hollow materials as advanced electrocatalysts for water splitting. Design principles and strategies for highly effective hollow electrocatalysts for oxygen/hydrogen evolution reactions are highlighted, and an overview of current reports about hollow electrocatalysts with diverse architectural designs and functionalities is given. The future research directions of hollow electrocatalysts for water splitting are also discussed based on personal perspectives.
Article
Electrochemistry
Rui Zhang, Shengpeng Hu, Bohui Wang, Dong Wang, Xiaoxiao Huang, Guangwu Wen
Summary: Hierarchical flower-like Zn-2(OH)(3)VO3 assembled by 2D nanosheets were successfully synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal approach. The material exhibited highly uniform morphology and diameter, with an average thickness of 20 nm. Proper amount of NH3·H2O and adequate reaction time were found to be critical for obtaining high crystallinity in the hierarchical microflowers.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Rishabh Gandotra, To -Wen Chen, Feng-Chih Kuo, Mel S. Lee, Gwo-Bin Lee
Summary: In this study, a new microfluidic platform based on magnetic beads and fluorescent probes was developed to detect α-defensin and human neutrophil protein 1 (HNP 1) in synovial fluid. The method showed high sensitivity and specificity, and could rapidly and accurately detect infection biomarkers within 60 minutes. This compact device with a wide dynamic range has great potential for future diagnostics of periprosthetic joint infection.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Donghai Yang, Yifan Liu, Qingjiu Chen, Meng Chen, Shaodong Zhan, Nim-kwan Cheung, Ho-Yin Chan, Zhidong Wang, Wen Jung Li
Summary: Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been widely used in various fields, such as robotics navigation, autonomous vehicles, unmanned aerial flyers, and land surveying. The multichannel LiDAR system is important for autonomous driving due to its larger field of view (FoV). However, the number of transceivers limits the vertical angular resolution of multichannel LiDAR systems and makes them costly. The emergence of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirrors may provide a low-cost and high-angular resolution solution for LiDAR systems.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
To-Wen Chen, Rishabh Gandotra, Hwan-You Chang, Mel S. Lee, Feng-Chih Kuo, Gwo-Bin Lee
Summary: This study developed a novel integrated microfluidic system (IMS) for detecting two common periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) biomarkers, alpha defensin human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP-1) and C-reactive protein (CRP), from synovial fluid (SF). The system automatically carried out a magnetic bead-based one-aptamer-one-antibody assay within 45 minutes on a single chip, enabling simultaneous detection of both biomarkers at specific concentration ranges. It is the first report to utilize these two biomarkers as targets in an on-chip assay, and the IMS showed promising diagnostic accuracy in clinical samples.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Baobing Fan, Wei Gao, Rui Zhang, Werner Kaminsky, Francis R. Lin, Xinxin Xia, Qunping Fan, Yanxun Li, Yidan An, Yue Wu, Ming Liu, Xinhui Lu, Wen Jung Li, Hin-Lap Yip, Feng Gao, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have made significant progress recently, thanks to the use of well-designed non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with conjugated side-groups. Researchers have developed a new class of NFAs with localisomerized conjugated side-groups and studied their impact on device performance and stability. A device based on one of the isomers achieved an impressive efficiency of 18.5% and exhibited excellent photo- and thermal stability. A similar approach was applied to another polymer donor, resulting in an even higher efficiency of 18.8%. This work highlights the effectiveness of local isomerization in enhancing the photovoltaic performance and stability of OPVs based on fused ring NFAs.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shengfan Wu, Jie Zhang, Minchao Qin, Fengzhu Li, Xiang Deng, Xinhui Lu, Wen-Jung Li, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: By incorporating a cross-linkable organic ligand into the perovskite precursor solution, the facet orientation of polycrystalline perovskite films can be controlled, leading to enhanced performance of perovskite-based devices. The resulting low-dimensional perovskites (LDPs) can passivate defects and improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 24.12% (rigid) and 23.23% (flexible). Furthermore, the ligand enables the derived LDPs to be crosslinked, enhancing the mechanical bending durability of flexible devices.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vaithinathan Karthikeyan, James Utama Surjadi, Xiaocui Li, Rong Fan, Vaskuri C. S. Theja, Wen Jung Li, Yang Lu, Vellaisamy A. L. Roy
Summary: For decades, thermoelectric generators have been limited by heat stagnation and brittleness, which hampers power conversion efficiency and durability. However, by utilizing a cellular architecture with enhanced thermal impedance and partial carbonization for strength and ductility, we have developed 3D architected thermoelectric generators that exhibit high energy absorption and power conversion efficiency. Our work seeks to improve future thermoelectric generator designs by combining excellent thermoelectric properties with mechanical robustness through additive manufacturing.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Weijia Wang, Maria Merlyne De Souza, Rami Ghannam, Wen Jung Li, Vellaisamy A. L. Roy
Summary: The miniaturization and integration of sensors on a chip is crucial for the advancements of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. Current microbend optical stress sensors are too large to be integrated on a chip, thus requiring a fundamental change in structural design for micron-sized lithography. In this study, we present the design and analysis of a multi-layer microbend optical stress sensor using an advanced Multiphysics simulation model. The optimized structure and materials of the sensor architecture result in high sensitivity and linearity, paving the way for embedding microbend optical stress sensors on chips for communication and information technologies.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dani S. Assi, Hongli Huang, Vaithinathan Karthikeyan, Vaskuri C. S. Theja, Maria Merlyne de Souza, Ning Xi, Wen Jung Li, Vellaisamy A. L. Roy
Summary: Neuromorphic artificial intelligence systems are the future of ultrahigh-performance computing clusters. Quantum topological neuristors (QTN) with low energy consumption and higher switching speed are introduced to mimic the synapses of mammalian brains. With improved design, QTNs demonstrate top-notch neuromorphic behavior and can be interfaced with artificial neural networks for decision-making operations.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wen-Jung Li, Kwang-Lung Lin
Summary: The possibility of monitoring the mechanical property, Vickers hardness, of Inconel 600 alloy with electric current stressing was investigated. A combined parameter tD/N, which is the product of current stressing duration tD and current stressing cycle N, was used as the control factor. By appropriately controlling the combined parameter and current stressing density of 7 x 103 A/cm2, a maximum enhancement of microhardness by 19.5% compared to the heat treated benchmark specimen was achieved. The study examined the strengthening mechanism through various techniques including EBSD, XRD, and HRTEM, focusing on grain orientation, grain size, phase transformation, precipitation, and dislocation. A maximum dislocation density of 5 x 1016 m-2 in the 111 direction was observed at ln(tD/N) of -0.69. The enhancement in microhardness was attributed to strain hardening caused by dislocation formation during current stressing.
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Jianfei Wang, Jiao Suo, Zhengxun Song, Wen Jung Li, Zuobin Wang
Summary: Nanomaterial-based flexible sensors (NMFSs) are versatile tools for monitoring human physiological information, providing medical data, and exploring metaverse spaces. The use of various nanomaterial frameworks, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanofilms, has advanced the development of NMFSs. Additionally, different triggering interaction interfaces between NMFSs and metaverse/VR applications, as well as the application of machine learning algorithms for virtual interaction technologies, have been discussed in this review.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXTREME MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yuliang Zhao, Tianang Sun, Zhongjie Ju, Fanghecong Dong, Le Yang, Xiaoyong Lv, Chao Lian, Meng Chen, Wen Jung Li
Summary: In this article, a new time-series skeleton joint data imaging method is introduced into an improved convolutional neural network to address the limitations of traditional methods in terms of computations and holistic learning of human skeletal sequences. Experimental results show that the method achieves an impressive accuracy of 98.02% in recognizing 25 daily human activities.
ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chao Lian, Yiming Yang, Xiaodong Yu, Hui Sun, Yuliang Zhao, Guanglie Zhang, Wen Jung Li
Summary: Arrhythmia is a significant symptom of cardiovascular diseases and accurately measuring heart rate is crucial for its detection. This study proposes a method that uses a smartphone camera to accurately measure human heart rate. By employing signal fusion, region of interest selection, and fast Fourier transform analyses, the method achieves a 95.84% detection rate compared to electrocardiography measurements.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ka Wai Kong, Keer Wang, Alice Yeuk Lan Leung, Hongyu Zhang, Jiao Suo, Meng Chen, Guanglie Zhang, Fei Fei, Jiangang Shen, Wen Jung Li
Summary: We present a new flexible capacitive pressure-pulse sensor array that combines droplet-dispensed graphene oxide (GO) sensing elements with flexible electronics. The use of droplet dispensing technology allows for the rapid fabrication of multiple capacitive sensing elements, resulting in highly sensitive pressure sensors with excellent repeatability. Preliminary characterization shows that these sensors have a sensitivity of approximately 10(-3) kPa(-1) and a relative permittivity of around 6 at a frequency of 600 kHz. Moreover, the printed sensing elements have been successfully used for human wrist pulse sensing. This technology has the potential to be applied in wearable electronics for healthcare applications.
IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yifan Liu, Meng Chen, Chishing Chan, Ho-yin Chnnan, Jianping Wang, Xinge Yu, Xinyue Li, Wen Jung Li
Summary: This article introduces a wireless IoT motion sensor weighing only 2g, which can be attached to mice to collect continuous motion data for multiple days. It also presents a combined segmentation method and imbalanced learning process for recognizing common and random mouse behaviors in cages, achieving a macro-recall rate of 94.55%.
ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Rui Liu, Yudi Zhu, Cong Wu, Hao Guo, Wei Dai, Tianyi Wu, Min Wang, Wen Jung Li, Jun Liu
Summary: Cell counting is an essential step in many biomedical applications, but the traditional microscopic cell counting method is time-consuming and prone to errors. To address these challenges, we propose an interactive dual-network framework that utilizes deep learning to automatically count cells. The framework trains a deep learning model to regress a density map from a given microscope image, and the number of cells can be estimated by integrating over the density map. We also design a hierarchical multi-scale attention-based architecture to accurately regress high-quality density maps. Evaluation experiments demonstrate the superiority of our method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)