Article
Immunology
Francesco Siracusa, Nicola Schaltenberg, Yogesh Kumar, Till R. Lesker, Babett Steglich, Timur Liwinski, Filippo Cortesi, Laura Frommann, Bjoern-Phillip Diercks, Friedericke Boenisch, Alexander W. Fischer, Pasquale Scognamiglio, Mira J. Pauly, Christian Casar, Yotam Cohen, Penelope Pelczar, Theodora Agalioti, Flemming Delfs, Anna Worthmann, Ramez Wahib, Bettina Jagemann, Hans-Willi Mittruecker, Oliver Kretz, Andreas H. Guse, Jakob R. Izbicki, Kara G. Lassen, Till Strowig, Michaela Schweizer, Eduardo J. Villablanca, Eran Elinav, Samuel Huber, Joerg Heeren, Nicola Gagliani
Summary: The authors demonstrate that short-term consumption of energy-dense diets lacking in fiber, similar to modern eating patterns, can suppress the mucosal and systemic immune systems temporarily, leading to increased vulnerability to bacterial infections.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gordan Lauc
Summary: IgG glycome is an important contributor to the process of aging that can be modulated by both lifestyle and pharmacological interventions. Small molecule drugs that would suppress chronic systemic inflammation by modulation of the IgG glycome are still not available, but since gene network regulating IgG glycosylation has been identified and a high-throughput in vitro screening system is available, it is likely that this highly innovative approach to manage chronic systemic inflammation will be developed soon.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Branimir Plavsa, Janko Szavits-Nossan, Aleksandar Blivajs, Borna Rapcan, Barbara Radovani, Igor Sesto, Kresimir Stambuk, Vito Mustapic, Lovorka Derek, Diana Rudan, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj
Summary: Atrial fibrillation is a complex disease with aberrant electrical signaling and the development of a susceptible heart substrate. The presence of inflammation, characterized by changes like adipose tissue accumulation and interstitial fibrosis, plays a crucial role. This study investigated the N-glycosylation patterns in atrial fibrillation patients and found significant differences in plasma N-glycome and IgG N-glycans between the case and control groups. Additionally, specific N-glycans were associated with atrial fibrillation recurrence and correlated with the CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tanja Knopp, Tabea Bieler, Rebecca Jung, Julia Ringen, Michael Molitor, Annika Jurda, Thomas Muenzel, Ari Waisman, Philip Wenzel, Susanne Helena Karbach, Johannes Wild
Summary: Different dietary protein levels had minimal impact on the development and severity of IMQ-induced psoriasis, but aggravated the systemic pro-inflammatory phenotype. High protein diet slightly aggravated skin inflammation, while both high and low protein diets increased circulating neutrophils and reactive oxygen species after IMQ-treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Polly Downton, Fabio Sanna, Robert Maidstone, Toryn M. Poolman, Edward A. Hayter, Suzanna H. Dickson, Nick A. Ciccone, James O. Early, Antony Adamson, David G. Spiller, Devin A. Simpkins, Matthew Baxter, Roman Fischer, Magnus Rattray, Andrew S. I. Loudon, Julie E. Gibbs, David A. Bechtold, David W. Ray
Summary: Chronic inflammation is associated with metabolic dysfunction, with a temporal crosstalk between inflammatory and metabolic processes. Research has shown that arthritis drives changes in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function, leading to the accumulation of bioactive lipid species.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Fertleman, Christopher Pereira, Melanie Dani, Benjamin H. L. Harris, Matteo Di Giovannantonio, Simon D. Taylor-Robinson
Summary: Neuroinflammation after surgery and its contribution to peri-operative neurocognitive disorders (PND) is not well understood. This study investigates the association between central and peripheral cytokines and neuroinflammation after orthopaedic surgery. The study finds that there is a greater cytokine response in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than plasma after surgery, and plasma cytokine levels are directly related to CSF cytokine levels. Measurement of peripheral cytokines may not necessarily reflect the neuroinflammatory response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Eoin O'Neill, Eadaoin W. Griffin, Ruairi O'Sullivan, Carol Murray, Lucy Ryan, Justin Yssel, Andrew Harkin, Colm Cunningham
Summary: Experimental evidence demonstrates that significant depletion of noradrenaline in the hippocampus and frontal cortex does not lead to acutely exaggerated neuroinflammation, nor does it leave the brain susceptible to acute, transient working memory deficits upon low dose LPS challenge.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Oscar Manouchehrian, Marta Ramos, Sara Bachiller, Iben Lundgaard, Tomas Deierborg
Summary: The study aimed to measure the effect of acute inflammation on the glymphatic system by analyzing the distribution of CSF tracers after LPS injections. The results showed a significant decrease in perivascular CSF tracer flow and penetration into the parenchyma following LPS injections, without impacting AQP4 polarization, cytokines, astroglial and BBB markers, cerebral blood flow, or respiration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenbo Zhou, Michael Graner, Petr Paucek, Cheryl Beseler, Matthew Boisen, Andrew Bubak, Francisco Asturias, Woro George, Arin Graner, David Ormond, Timothy Vollmer, Enrique Alvarez, Xiaoli Yu
Summary: Grey matter pathology is crucial in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, particularly IgG1, form large aggregates (>100 nm) that are retained after binding to Protein A. These IgG aggregates induce significantly higher levels of neuronal apoptosis compared to other neurological disorders and healthy donors. The apoptosis is mediated by complement activation and the presence of IgG, complement activation products, and active caspase 3 in treated neuronal cells. MS plasma cytotoxic antibodies are not present in Protein G flow-through or paired plasma. The size of MS IgG aggregates is larger than 100 nm. Our findings suggest that MS IgG antibodies play a pathological role in complement activation, axonal damage, and neurodegeneration through apoptosis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Emily J. Jones, Anna L. Marsland, Thomas E. Kraynak, Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal, Peter J. Gianaros
Summary: Subjective social status (SSS) is how people perceive their social rank compared with others and has been linked to differences in physical health. This study examined whether SSS was associated with changes in markers of inflammation over a 3-year period in a sample of healthy adults. The findings suggest that lower SSS is associated with an increase in interleukin-6, a marker of systemic inflammation, over time, independent of sociodemographic factors.
ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Carlos A. Alvarez, Emily Qian, Leandre M. Glendenning, Kalob M. Reynero, Emily N. Kukan, Brian A. Cobb
Summary: Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by leukocyte infiltration and tissue remodeling, is associated with increased glycan fucosylation in airway epithelial cells. This modification is important for the recruitment of eosinophils and neutrophils.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Helena Beatriz Ferreira, Tania Melo, Ines M. S. Guerra, Ana S. P. Moreira, Paula Laranjeira, Artur Paiva, Laura Goracci, Stefano Bonciarelli, Pedro Domingues, M. Rosario Domingues
Summary: Autoimmune diseases like SLE and SS involve immune system dysregulation. Lipids have potential as biomarkers for improved diagnosis and prediction in these diseases. This study identified differences in lipid profiles in SLE and SS patients, including potential biomarkers like sphingomyelin and ceramide in SS and phosphatidylserine in SLE. Further research is needed to understand the role of lipids in the pathological mechanisms of these diseases.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paola Coppola, Andrew Butler, Susan Cole, Essam Kerwash
Summary: This paper highlights the importance of considering changes in total and free drug concentrations during pregnancy. Changes in pregnancy-related plasma protein binding can lead to increased free drug concentrations, which may have clinical significance and affect dose adjustment for highly bound drugs. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models show promise in understanding the impact of plasma protein binding changes and simulating free drug concentrations during pregnancy to support dosing decisions.
Review
Immunology
Yumeng Yan, Marco Orlandi, Jeanie Suvan, Simon Harden, Jacqueline Smith, Francesco D'Aiuto
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review to evaluate all available evidence linking peri-implantitis with systemic inflammation. The results demonstrated a consistent association between peri-implantitis and higher levels of serum CRP, IL-6, and white blood cell counts.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Nan Wang, Yingying Yang, Baoshan Qiu, Ying Gao, Anxin Wang, Qin Xu, Xia Meng, Yuming Xu, Bo Song, Yongjun Wang, Yilong Wang
Summary: This study examines the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and stroke prognosis. The results show that SII is closely related to the short- and long-term prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke, with higher SII values indicating a higher risk for poor outcomes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Stefano Polizzi, Nico Curti, Lorenzo Dall'Olio, Laura Cercenelli, Luigi Fontana, Nicola Valsecchi, Emanuela Marcelli, Gastone Castellani, Piera Versura
Summary: Pupillometry is a promising technique for the diagnosis of neurological pathologies. In this work, advanced signal processing techniques and physics methods were applied to extract features from pupillometric curves obtained from 12 subjects. Machine learning techniques were used for classification between Optic Neuritis (ON) and healthy subjects, with an average accuracy of 76%. A possible neurological interpretation of the extracted pupillometry features in relation to ON vs. Healthy classification was provided.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Riccardo Biondi, Matteo Renzulli, Rita Golfieri, Nico Curti, Gianluca Carlini, Claudia Sala, Enrico Giampieri, Daniel Remondini, Giulio Vara, Arrigo Cattabriga, Maria Adriana Cocozza, Luigi Vincenzo Pastore, Nicolo Brandi, Antonino Palmeri, Leonardo Scarpetti, Gaia Tanzarella, Matteo Cescon, Matteo Ravaioli, Gastone Castellani, Francesca Coppola
Summary: This study evaluated the possibility of using radiomic features to predict the presence/absence of microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma liver tumors. The results showed that radiomic features from the tumor region of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images had good predictive performance for MVI.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Csaba Voros, David Bauer, Ede Migh, Istvan Grexa, Attila Gergely Vegh, Balazs Szalontai, Gastone Castellani, Tivadar Danka, Saso Dzeroski, Krisztian Koos, Filippo Piccinini, Peter Horvath
Summary: Nowadays, morphology and molecular analyses at the single-cell level have a fundamental role in understanding biology better. These methods are utilized for cell phenotyping and in-depth studies of cellular processes, such as mitosis. Fluorescence microscopy and Raman microscopy techniques provide detailed morphological information and spatial distribution of molecular fingerprints, respectively, enabling the study of cellular stages at the single-cell level. Artificial intelligence can characterize the molecular backgrounds of phenotypes and biological processes by analyzing spectral maps, making it a valuable solution for interpreting complex subcellular spectral maps.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Kerep, Tino Seba, Valentina Borko, Tin Weitner, Toma Keser, Gordan Lauc, Mario Gabricevic
Summary: Human serum alpha-1 acid glycoprotein is involved in the binding and transport of many drugs. Sialic acid groups play a major role in drug binding. The study found that different sialylation can result in different binding affinities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucija Tudor, Gordana Nedic Erjavec, Matea Nikolac Perkovic, Marcela Konjevod, Suzana Uzun, Oliver Kozumplik, Ninoslav Mimica, Gordan Lauc, Dubravka Svob Strac, Nela Pivac
Summary: The molecular mechanisms behind PTSD, including the role of glycosylation and the FUT8 gene, were investigated in this study. Associations between plasma N-glycan levels and FUT8-related polymorphisms were observed in both PTSD patients and control participants. The findings suggest that FUT8-related polymorphisms play a regulatory role in glycosylation, which may contribute to the development and clinical manifestation of PTSD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Mila Gugnoni, Eugenia Lorenzini, Italo Faria do Valle, Daniel Remondini, Gastone Castellani, Federica Torricelli, Elisabetta Sauta, Benedetta Donati, Moira Ragazzi, Francesco Ghini, Simonetta Piana, Alessia Ciarrocchi, Gloria Manzotti
Summary: This study validated specific gene signatures in the transition from differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) to anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) and identified the E2F7 gene as a key player in this process. Down-regulation of E2F7 reduced the aggressiveness of ATC cells.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dinko Soic, Jerko Stambuk, Marko Tijardovic, Toma Keser, Gordan Lauc, Tomislav Bulum, Marijana Vucic Lovrencic, Sandra Vuckovic Rebrina, Martina Tomic, Mislav Novokmet, Lea Smircic-Duvnjak, Olga Gornik
Summary: This study investigated the association between C3 N-glycosylation and complications of type 1 diabetes, and found significant changes in C3 N-glycome in severe albuminuria and hypertension accompanying the disease. All C3 glycopeptides except one were associated with HbA1c levels, and one glycoform was associated with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The results suggest that C3 N-glycosylation is a potential novel marker for the progression and severity of type 1 diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Katarzyna Malgorzata Kwiatkowska, Eleni Mavrogonatou, Adamantia Papadopoulou, Claudia Sala, Luciano Calzari, Davide Gentilini, Maria Giulia Bacalini, Daniele Dall'Olio, Gastone Castellani, Francesco Ravaioli, Claudio Franceschi, Paolo Garagnani, Chiara Pirazzini, Dimitris Kletsas
Summary: The aim of this study was to characterize DNA methylation patterns in replicative and induced senescence in different human cell types. Three epigenetic signatures were identified: cell type- and treatment-specific signature, cell type-specific senescence-related signature, and cell type-transversal replicative senescence-related signature. Cluster analysis revealed distinct DNA methylation patterns in replicative senescent cells, and enrichment in pathways related to the nervous system was shown. Despite no statistically significant evidence of age acceleration, a trend of increased biological age in replicative senescent cultures of all three cell types was observed. This work highlights the heterogeneity of senescent cells and their impact on tissue homeostasis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Daniele Buschi, Nico Curti, Veronica Cola, Gianluca Carlini, Claudia Sala, Daniele Dall'Olio, Gastone Castellani, Elisa Pizzi, Sara Del Magno, Armando Foglia, Massimo Giunti, Luciano Pisoni, Enrico Giampieri
Summary: Proper wound management is beneficial for patients and can reduce healthcare costs. This study introduces a novel pipeline for pet wound image segmentation using advanced training strategies to minimize human intervention. The proposed approach provides a valuable tool for pet wound treatment and offers a methodology for generating large image segmentation datasets.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Radovani, Frano Vuckovic, Aldo P. Maggioni, Ele Ferrannini, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj
Summary: This study investigated the association between N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and coronary artery disease (CAD). The analysis revealed differences in IgG N-glycome composition between CAD+ and CAD- cases, particularly in women, where sialylated N-glycan structures were negatively associated with CAD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Branimir Plavsa, Janko Szavits-Nossan, Aleksandar Blivajs, Borna Rapcan, Barbara Radovani, Igor Sesto, Kresimir Stambuk, Vito Mustapic, Lovorka Derek, Diana Rudan, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj
Summary: Atrial fibrillation is a complex disease with aberrant electrical signaling and the development of a susceptible heart substrate. The presence of inflammation, characterized by changes like adipose tissue accumulation and interstitial fibrosis, plays a crucial role. This study investigated the N-glycosylation patterns in atrial fibrillation patients and found significant differences in plasma N-glycome and IgG N-glycans between the case and control groups. Additionally, specific N-glycans were associated with atrial fibrillation recurrence and correlated with the CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gianluca Carlini, Caterina Gaudiano, Rita Golfieri, Nico Curti, Riccardo Biondi, Lorenzo Bianchi, Riccardo Schiavina, Francesca Giunchi, Lorenzo Faggioni, Enrico Giampieri, Alessandra Merlotti, Daniele Dall'Olio, Claudia Sala, Sara Pandolfi, Daniel Remondini, Arianna Rustici, Luigi Vincenzo Pastore, Leonardo Scarpetti, Barbara Bortolani, Laura Cercenelli, Eugenio Brunocilla, Emanuela Marcelli, Francesca Coppola, Gastone Castellani
Summary: This study aimed to build a machine learning model to distinguish between benign renal tumors, such as renal oncocytoma, and malignant renal cell carcinomas. By selecting appropriate radiomic features and using a decision tree classifier, we successfully established a model that could differentiate between these two types of renal tumors. The results confirmed the efficiency of radiomic features in capturing tumor characteristics, but also highlighted the need to consider the true generalization capabilities of the models.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Marko Marjanovic, Ana-Matea Mikecin Drazic, Marija Mioc, Mladen Paradzik, Filip Klicek, Mislav Novokmet, Gordan Lauc, Marijeta Kralj
Summary: Targeting the Golgi apparatus could be a novel therapeutic approach against CSCs, as it selectively eliminates EMT cells.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Laura Verzellesi, Andrea Botti, Marco Bertolini, Valeria Trojani, Gianluca Carlini, Andrea Nitrosi, Filippo Monelli, Giulia Besutti, Gastone Castellani, Daniel Remondini, Gianluca Milanese, Stefania Croci, Nicola Sverzellati, Carlo Salvarani, Mauro Iori
Summary: This study aims to propose a user-friendly and low-cost tool for COVID-19 mortality prediction using both machine learning and deep learning approaches.
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Janko Szavits Nossan, Barbara Radovani, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)