Review
Neurosciences
Jennaya Christensen, Glenn R. Yamakawa, Sandy R. Shultz, Richelle Mychasiuk
Summary: The glymphatic system is a recently discovered waste clearance system for the central nervous system, with important implications for neurological disorders. There is currently controversy regarding key aspects of this novel system, including its structure and function, which require further research to elucidate.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dongxiao Sun, Yali Hou, Yan Xie, Shaohua Yang, Bo Han, Lijun Shi, Xue Bai, Ruobing Liang, Tian Dong, Shengli Zhang, Qin Zhang
Summary: The study reveals the significant impact of EEF1D gene regulation on milk lipid synthesis in mammals, highlighting its importance in mammary gland development and dairy quality improvement.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joel A. Berliner, Magdalena A. Lam, Elmira Najafi, Sarah J. Hemley, Lynne E. Bilston, Marcus A. Stoodley
Summary: This study investigated the expression of Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in post-traumatic syringomyelia (PTS) and its effect on syrinx size. The results showed that increased AQP4 expression was associated with larger cysts, but there were no localized changes in specific regions. Modulation of AQP4 did not alter syrinx volume and length. Further research should focus on earlier time-points after PTS induction to investigate the potential effects of AQP4 modulation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kingston King-Shi Mok, Sunny Hoi-Sang Yeung, Gerald Wai-Yeung Cheng, Iris Wai-Ting Ma, Ralph Hon-Sun Lee, Karl Herrup, Kai-Hei Tse
Summary: Carriers of the APOE4 variant are more susceptible to Alzheimer's disease due to altered lipid and cholesterol transport capabilities. This study examines the impact of APOE4 on oligodendrocytes and finds a disruption in myelination, possibly contributing to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaohui Chen, Andi Chen, Jianjie Wei, Yongxin Huang, Jianhui Deng, Pinzhong Chen, Yanlin Yan, Mingxue Lin, Lifei Chen, Jiuyun Zhang, Zhibin Huang, Xiaoqian Zeng, Cansheng Gong, Xiaochun Zheng
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether DEX improves cognitive impairment by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis via the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in neonatal rats with HIBD. The results demonstrated that DEX effectively increased the protein expression of BDNF and the phosphorylation of TrkB and CREB, promoting neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in neonatal rats with HIBD. Furthermore, inhibiting the BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway significantly counteracted the advantageous outcomes of DEX on hippocampal neurogenesis, neuronal survival, and cognitive improvement.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Vanessa Jorge Henriques, Angela Chiavegato, Giorgio Carmignoto, Marta Gomez-Gonzalo
Summary: In this study, optogenetics and 2-photon Ca2+ imaging experiments were used to investigate the signaling between Somatostatin (SST)-releasing GABAergic interneurons and astrocytes in brain slice preparations from the visual cortex. It was found that intense stimulation of SST interneurons evokes Ca2+ elevations in astrocytes depending on GABA(B) receptor activation, with this response modulated by the neuropeptide somatostatin. Additionally, after episodes of SST interneuron hyperactivity, a long-lasting reduction of inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) onto pyramidal neurons was observed, which was counterbalanced by the activation of astrocytes that upregulate SST interneuron-evoked IPSC amplitude through the release of ATP and conversion to adenosine.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyu Liu, Conghui Li, Jiao Li, Lesi Xie, Zeng Hong, Kang Zheng, Xiaofeng Zhao, Aifen Yang, Xiaofeng Xu, Huaping Tao, Mengsheng Qiu, Junlin Yang
Summary: This study demonstrates that EGF facilitates the transdifferentiation of astrocytes to oligodendrocytes, and suggests that targeting the EGF-EGFR-Erk1/2 signaling axis may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for myelin repair in injured central nervous system (CNS) tissues.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chun-Yang Li, Hai-Feng Jiang, Li Li, Xiao-Jing Lai, Qian-Rong Liu, Shang-Bin Yu, Cheng-La Yi, Xiao-Qian Chen
Summary: The discovery of neuroglobin (Ngb) has revolutionized our understanding of brain oxygen metabolism. Ngb is found to co-localize and co-migrate with mitochondria, and upon hypoxia, Ngb migrates towards the cell membrane to facilitate neuronal oxygenation. This novel mechanism provides new insights into the understanding and treatment of neurological diseases and diseases that cause hypoxia in the brain.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Vanessa C. Bobbo, Daiane F. Engel, Carlos Poblete Jara, Natalia F. Mendes, Roberta Haddad-Tovolli, Thais P. Prado, Davi Sidarta-Oliveira, Joseane Morari, Licio A. Velloso, Eliana P. Araujo
Summary: IL6 in the hypothalamus induces neurogenesis-related gene expression in both wild-type and IL6 knockout mice, potentially offering a approach to prevent or attenuate obesity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Bhanu P. Tewari, P. A. Harshad, Mahendra Singh, Nanda B. Joshi, Preeti G. Joshi
Summary: This study examines the acute changes that occur after an epileptogenic insult, focusing on the structural and functional changes in astrocytes and their impact on epileptogenesis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Juri Murata, Miyuki Unekawa, Yuya Kudo, Maho Kotani, Iwao Kanno, Yoshikane Izawa, Yutaka Tomita, Kenji F. Tanaka, Jin Nakahara, Kazuto Masamoto
Summary: This study found that cerebral microvascular obstruction is related to recurrent stroke and decreased cerebral blood flow with age. The study showed a relationship between capillary lumen space and embolism formation. Constriction of capillaries increases the risk of developing microcirculation embolism.
Review
Neurosciences
Gabriela N. Debom, Dominique S. Rubenich, Elizandra Braganhol
Summary: Astrocytes are important glial cells in the central nervous system, playing roles in communication with neurons, maintaining homeostasis, and responding to tissue injury. Purinergic signaling, particularly through ATP and adenosine, regulates the fundamental functions of astrocytes. In the tumor microenvironment, the accumulation of adenosine contributes to glioblastoma immune escape and promotes tumor growth. Targeting the enzyme CD73 to block adenosine production may be a potential alternative therapy for cancer.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Qinjun Zhang, Rui Shi, Minghua Hao, Dongyun Feng, Rui Wu, Ming Shi
Summary: In response to cortical stab injury, the expression of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is significantly elevated in the cerebral cortex of adult rats. NDRG2-expressing cells are co-labeled with Nestin, a neural stem cell marker, and some of these cells also express the cell proliferation marker Ki67. Overexpression or knockdown of NDRG2 regulates the expression of Notch intracellular domain NICD and Notch target gene Hes1. These findings suggest that NDRG2 plays a role in controlling the formation of reactive astrocytes-derived progenitor cells (Rad-PCs) in the adult rat cerebral cortex following traumatic injury, and the Notch signaling pathway is involved in this process.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrey Y. Abramov
Summary: The brain is the organ that coordinates the entire body, and neurons and glia have evolved to be highly specialized and regulated by diverse receptors and neurotransmitters. Unique features such as the brain-blood barrier, high-energy demand, and electrical activity make neurons and astrocytes diverse components that vary across brain regions. This Special Issue includes 19 review articles that cover various aspects of neuroscience, including neurodevelopment, physiology, memory formation, and the mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liyang Zhang, John A. Zuris, Ramya Viswanathan, Jasmine N. Edelstein, Rolf Turk, Bernice Thommandru, H. Tomas Rube, Steve E. Glenn, Michael A. Collingwood, Nicole M. Bode, Sarah F. Beaudoin, Swarali Lele, Sean N. Scott, Kevin M. Wasko, Steven Sexton, Christopher M. Borges, Mollie S. Schubert, Gavin L. Kurgan, Matthew S. McNeill, Cecilia A. Fernandez, Vic E. Myer, Richard A. Morgan, Mark A. Behlke, Christopher A. Vakulskas
Summary: AsCas12a Ultra is an engineered variant with high editing efficiency and on-target specificity, making it ideal for complex therapeutic genome editing applications in multiple cell types.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Letter
Neurosciences
Alexander S. Thrane, Vinita Rangroo Thrane, Benjamin A. Plog, Maiken Nedergaard
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2015)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Alexander S. Thrane, Morten Hove, Bard Kjersem, Jorgen Krohn
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2016)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chantal Bemeur, Cristina Cudalbu, Gitte Dam, Alexander S. Thrane, Arthur J. L. Cooper, Christopher F. Rose
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2016)
Article
Cell Biology
Fengfei Ding, John O'Donnell, Alexander S. Thrane, Douglas Zeppenfeld, Hongyi Kang, Lulu Xie, Fushun Wang, Maiken Nedergaard
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexander S. Thrane, Takahiro Takano, Vinita Rangroo Thrane, Fushun Wang, Weiguo Peng, Ole Petter Ottersen, Maiken Nedergaard, Erlend A. Nagelhus
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2013)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vinita Rangroo Thrane, Alexander S. Thrane, Fushun Wang, Maria L. Cotrina, Nathan A. Smith, Michael Chen, Qiwu Xu, Ning Kang, Takumi Fujita, Erlend A. Nagelhus, Maiken Nedergaard
Correction
Neurosciences
V. Rangroo Thrane, A. S. Thrane, J. Chang, V. Alleluia, E. A. Nagelhus, M. Nedergaard
Review
Neurosciences
Alexander S. Thrane, Vinita Rangroo Thrane, Maiken Nedergaard
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2014)
Article
Biology
Humberto Mestre, Lauren M. Hablitz, Anna L. R. Xavier, Weixi Feng, Wenyan Zou, Tinglin Pu, Hiromu Monai, Giridhar Murlidharan, Ruth M. Castellanos Rivera, Matthew J. Simon, Martin M. Pike, Virginia Pla, Ting Du, Benjamin T. Kress, Xiaowen Wang, Benjamin A. Plog, Alexander S. Thrane, Iben Lundgaard, Yoichiro Abe, Masato Yasui, John H. Thomas, Ming Xiao, Hajime Hirase, Aravind Asokan, Jeffrey J. Iliff, Maiken Nedergaard
Article
Ophthalmology
Vinita Rangroo Thrane, Alexander S. Thrane, Cecilie Bergo, Hildegunn Halvorsen, Jorgen Krohn
JOURNAL OF GLAUCOMA
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaowei Wang, Nanhong Lou, Allison Eberhardt, Yujia Yang, Peter Kusk, Qiwu Xu, Benjamin Forstera, Sisi Peng, Meng Shi, Antonio Ladron-de-Guevara, Christine Delle, Bjorn Sigurdsson, Anna L. R. Xavier, Ali Erturk, Richard T. Libby, Lu Chen, Alexander S. Thrane, Maiken Nedergaard
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Vinita Rangroo Thrane, Leif Hynnekleiv, Xiaowei Wang, Alexander S. Thrane, Jorgen Krohn, Maiken Nedergaard
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leif Hynnekleiv, Alexander Stanley Thrane, Jorgen Krohn
Article
Ophthalmology
Andreas J. Askim, Alexander S. Thrane, Petter Giaever, Rune Andersen, Jorgen Krohn
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2018)