Article
Optics
V. O. Martynov, V. O. Munyaev, L. A. Smirnov
Summary: This study explores the quantum properties of light in a coupled nonlinear waveguide array, forming a discrete soliton. It demonstrates the possibility of using certain types of quasi-solitons to create continuous variable entanglement between waveguide pairs, and the potential to independently entangle multiple pairs of waveguides. The study shows that the entanglement can be achieved even with high intensity input laser fields, without the need for materials with extremely high nonlinearity coefficients. Absorption in the waveguide media also has minimal influence on the discussed process.
LASER PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haiyan Shang, Dandan Sun, Mingjie Zhang, Jingcui Song, Zelin Yang, Dong Liu, Siqing Zeng, Lei Wan, Bin Zhang, Zhi Wang, Zhaohui Li, Yan-Ge Liu
Summary: The study presents the design, preparation, and performance optimization of strip waveguide in chalcogenide glass for broadband supercontinuum generation. The strip waveguide in Ge-Sb-S glass is experimentally demonstrated for generating a supercontinuum source with a bandwidth of 1300 nm. Additionally, the device's sensing capability for optical absorption of beta-phenylethylamine solutions near 1551 nm in various concentrations is validated, showing the repeatability and consistency of the generated supercontinuum spectrum in test.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Tiberius Berndsen, Imran m. Mirza
Summary: We study the problem of two-photon routing in waveguide QED ladders, where quantum emitters are coupled with chiral waveguides. The routing probability is analyzed in two regimes: under a plane wave approximation and in the presence of photon-photon bound state formation. The potential of chiral light-matter interactions in multi-photon and multi-emitter-based quantum networking protocols is shown.
Article
Optics
Ying Yang, Zhengwei Zuo, Dawei Cao
Summary: In this study, a stable topologically nontrivial biphoton state with high quantum entanglement is generated in a quadratic nonlinear waveguide array using the bosonic Bogoliubov Hamiltonian under the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. The topological robustness and high Renyi entanglement entropy of this state indicate promising applications in quantum computing and information.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Felicien Appas, Othmane Meskine, Aristide Lemaitre, Jose Palomo, Florent Baboux, Maria I. Amanti, Sara Ducci
Summary: The ability to combine advanced functionalities on a single chip is crucial for both classical and quantum photonic technologies. Generating and handling orthogonally polarized photon pairs on a chip is a central challenge for scalable quantum photonics circuits. In this study, a monolithic AlGaAs chip was used to generate broadband orthogonally polarized photon pairs and split their polarizations, achieving a separation rate of 85% over a 60 nm bandwidth. The results demonstrate the validity of this approach and represent a significant step toward miniaturized and easy-to-handle photonic devices for quantum information processing.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chuang Jiang, Yanting Wu, Meiyan Qin, Shaolin Ke
Summary: Coupled optical waveguide arrays have been used to study topological phenomena, with a focus on supermodes of fundamental modes. This study investigates topological bound modes in a zigzag chain of evanescently coupled waveguides that support orbital angular momentum modes. It is found that the propagation of these modes is influenced by the orbital angular momentum, rather than the fundamental modes, and that the coupling mechanism of elliptical waveguides can also control the topological bound modes.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Amirparsa Zivari, Robert Stockill, Niccolo Fiaschi, Simon Groblacher
Summary: Researchers have achieved an important milestone in controlling individual phonons by using a mechanical waveguide, demonstrating the potential for nearly lossless transmission of single phonons in a solid-state system. This achievement has important implications for quantum sensing and quantum information processing.
Article
Optics
Wen-Ling Li, Jing-Wei Liu, Guo-An Cheng, Qing-Zhong Huang, Rui-Ting Zheng, Xiao-Ling Wu
Summary: In this study, a diffraction grating based on a multilayer silicon nitride waveguide is proposed, which demonstrates high upward diffraction efficiency and large effective length. The analysis shows that the diffraction grating has a high tolerance to process variations and can adjust the near-field effective length. The research results suggest that this diffraction grating has potential applications in optical sensing and imaging.
Article
Optics
Alberto Della Torre, Milan Sinobad, Remi Armand, Barry Luther-Davies, Pan Ma, Stephen Madden, Arnan Mitchell, David J. Moss, Jean-Michel Hartmann, Vincent Reboud, Jean-Marc Fedeli, Christelle Monat, Christian Grillet
Summary: Supercontinuum generation in a germanium-on-silicon waveguide was experimentally demonstrated, producing a mid-infrared supercontinuum covering nearly an octave. Numerical analysis attributed the current limit to free-carrier absorption, restricting further extension into the mid-IR region.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Woncheol Shin, Kyungdeuk Park, Hyeongpin Kim, Dongjin Lee, Kiwon Kwon, Heedeuk Shin
Summary: Developing an on-chip quantum light source based on spontaneous four-wave mixing is crucial for quantum photonic integrated circuit technology, which offers the advantage of no connection loss due to source integration. This study examines the effects of propagation loss on photon-pair generation using theoretical and experimental methods, revealing a strong correlation between the brightness, heralding efficiency, coincidence-to-accidental ratio, and the length of the optical waveguide. The results obtained from this study will aid in determining the optimal waveguide length for photon-pair generation, supporting the development of practical quantum optical integrated circuits and high-fidelity quantum technologies.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wen-ling Li, Jing-wei Liu, Guo-an Cheng, Rui-ting Zheng, Xiao-ling Wu
Summary: This work proposes and analyzes silicon nitride waveguide superlattices with air gaps, which help to improve the beam steering performance of optical phased arrays (OPAs) in the near-infrared waveband. By introducing air gaps beside the waveguide, the skin depth of the evanescent field is shortened and the effective index range of the waveguide is increased under single mode conditions, resulting in lower crosstalk compared to waveguides without air gaps. A waveguide superlattice with air gaps is designed using the eigenmode expansion method and particle swarm optimization, achieving optimized crosstalk of -24.3 dB at a waveguide pitch of 0.9 μm, propagation length of 1 mm, and wavelength of 905 nm.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Brett N. Carnio, Basem Y. Shahriar, Eric Hopmann, Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi
Summary: Optical rectification is studied in an Si-SiO2-LiNbO3-polymer-Si planar waveguiding arrangement that generates and emits terahertz (THz) radiation as Cherenkov waves. Each supported mode (TE0, TE1, and TE2) generates a THz electric field pulse emitted at a distinct Cherenkov angle with frequencies up to around 3 THz, automatically satisfying phase-matching via Cherenkov emission and allowing subwavelength confinement of the excitation pulse.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yuxi Fang, Changjing Bao, Zhi Wang, Weigang Zhang, Zhongqi Pan, Yang Yue
Summary: A method to generate multiple dispersive waves (DWs) in a normal dispersion regime has been proposed and demonstrated in a silicon nitride (Si3N4) slot waveguide. The researchers showed the flexibility of producing four DWs and explained the underlying dynamics of the generation process. They found that the generated spectrum spans from visible to mid-IR with high coherence, making it a promising method for efficient, compact, and coherent mid-IR light sources.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Carlos Tardio, Javier Alvarez-Conde, Ivan Torres-Moya, Ana M. Rodriguez, Antonio de la Hoz, Juan Cabanillas-Gonzalez, Pilar Prieto
Summary: In this study, two series of linear bisethynylbenzenes combining trifluoromethyl and methoxy groups were synthesized to investigate their optical waveguiding behavior. The results showed that the presence of methoxy groups led to amorphous supramolecular aggregates, while the presence of trifluoromethyl groups led to needle shaped crystals. Most planar compounds exhibited optical waveguiding behavior, with optical loss coefficients as low as 0.54 x 10(-3) dB mu m(-1). X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the relationship between the crystal structure and the optical waveguiding behavior.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Optics
Shubradeep Majumder, Amit Rai, Gautam Vemuri
Summary: In this study, we investigate the influence of the boundary of a one-dimensional lattice on Anderson localization of nonclassical light in a finite optical waveguide array with evanescent coupling between neighboring waveguides and controlled disorder. By analyzing the quantum properties of the output when nonclassical light is injected into the waveguide, we observe enhancements of localization and quantum features due to the boundary.
Article
Optics
Anne-Sophie Munser, Marcus Trost, Sven Schroeder, Martina Graf, Miriam A. Rosenbaum, Andreas Tuennermann
Summary: Due to its high sensitivity and quick measurement principle, angle-resolved scattering (ARS) measurements show promising potential as a rapid analysis tool for bacterial cells, especially at small sample sizes and low cell numbers. This study has demonstrated that scattered light from various bacterial cell samples can be analyzed at the single-cell level, which is a significant benefit compared to time-consuming conventional methods that require hours or days of cellular growth. With the proposed setup and data analysis method, it is possible to detect scatter differences among cell types as well as measure cell concentration.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andreas Tuennermann, Carsten Momma, Stefan Nolte
Summary: Ultrashort pulse lasers have been widely used in precise micromachining. This article presents a brief perspective on the development of this innovative technology from the 1990s until today.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2023)
Review
Optics
Polina R. Sharapova, Sergey S. Kruk, Alexander S. Solntsev
Summary: The generation of correlated and entangled photons through nonlinear light-matter interaction can be achieved by spontaneous parametric down-conversion or spontaneous four-wave mixing. The use of dielectric nanoresonators and metasurfaces enables the control of light in subwavelength volumes, enhancing the nonlinear light-matter interaction and generating entangled photons. This review discusses the recent progress in this emerging field of research.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Vera Neef, Julien Pinske, Friederike Klauck, Lucas Teuber, Mark Kremer, Max Ehrhardt, Matthias Heinrich, Stefan Scheel, Alexander Szameit
Summary: When a quantum system undergoes slow changes, its state evolution depends on the trajectory in Hilbert space, known as quantum holonomy, which reveals the geometric aspects of quantum theory. Matrix-valued holonomies are challenging to implement, and identifying suitable dark states for their construction in bosonic systems is even more complicated. In this study, a representation of holonomic theory based on the Heisenberg picture is developed, and a three-dimensional quantum holonomy is experimentally realized using indistinguishable photons. The findings could open up possibilities for the experimental study of higher-dimensional non-Abelian gauge symmetries and the exploration of exotic physics on a photonic chip.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shawon Alam, Pallabi Paul, Vivek Beladiya, Paul Schmitt, Olaf Stenzel, Marcus Trost, Steffen Wilbrandt, Christian Muehlig, Sven Schroeder, Gabor Matthaeus, Stefan Nolte, Sebastian Riese, Felix Otto, Torsten Fritz, Alexander Gottwald, Adriana Szeghalmi
Summary: Absorption losses and laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) are the main limitations for the development of optical coatings for high-power laser optics. This study developed heterostructures using sub-nanometer thin films of SiO2 and HfO2 with the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) technique. Various thin-film characterization techniques were employed to extract optical constants, residual stress, layer formation, and functional groups of the heterostructures. The heterostructures showed tunable refractive index, bandgap, improved optical losses, and LIDT properties.
Article
Optics
Max Ehrhardt, Sebastian Weidemann, Lukas J. Maczewsky, Matthias Heinrich, Alexander Szameit
Summary: The concept of synthetic dimension uses non-spatial degrees of freedom to mimic additional geometric dimensions, overcoming limitations in the number of effectively available dimensions. Photonics offers various technological possibilities for controlling photons and their degrees of freedom, enabling the experimental exploration of higher-dimensional physical phenomena. Mathematical mapping procedures have further enhanced the field of synthetic dimensions, allowing for higher synthetic dimensions and potential applications in quantum simulations. This article summarizes and discusses current experimental approaches for probing higher-dimensional physics using synthetic dimensions on different light-based platforms, and provides an outlook on promising future prospects in this field.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gregoire Saerens, Thomas Dursap, Ian Hesner, Ngoc M. H. Duong, Alexander S. Solntsev, Andrea Morandi, Andreas Maeder, Artemios Karvounis, Philippe Regreny, Robert J. Chapman, Alexandre Danescu, Nicolas Chauvin, Jose Penuelas, Rachel Grange
Summary: The generation of high-rate photon pairs from nanoscale structures remains a challenge due to parasitic signals from the substrate. In this study, we achieved type-0 spontaneous parametric down-conversion at 1550 nm from individual bottom-up grown zinc-blende GaAs nanowires. The biphoton generation rate of 60 GHz/Wm achieved in this research is at least 3 times higher than that of previously reported single nonlinear micro-and nanostructures.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Ali Al-Juboori, Helen Zhi Jie Zeng, Minh Anh Phan Nguyen, Xiaoyu Ai, Arne Laucht, Alexander Solntsev, Milos Toth, Robert Malaney, Igor Aharonovich
Summary: This study demonstrates a discrete-variable quantum key distribution system using a bright single photon source in hexagonal-boron nitride, operating at room temperature. With an easily interchangeable photon source system, keys with a length of one million bits, and a secret key of approximately 70000 bits, at a quantum bit error rate of 6%, with ε-security of 10(-10) are generated. This is the first proof of concept finite-key BB84 QKD system realized with hBN defects.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Optics
Tom A. W. Wolterink, Matthias Heinrich, Alexander Szameit
Summary: This study applies concepts from supersymmetry (SUSY) to construct two-dimensional (2D) systems with spectra identical to that of one-dimensional (1D) J(x) lattices, facilitating experimental fabrication of large-scale photonic circuits.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Boquan Ren, Yaroslav V. Kartashov, Lukas J. Maczewsky, Marco S. Kirsch, Hongguang Wang, Alexander Szameit, Matthias Heinrich, Yiqi Zhang
Summary: We study linear and nonlinear higher-order topological insulators based on fractal waveguide arrays. These fractal structures have discrete rotational symmetries and multiple internal edges and corners in their optical potential landscape, and lack an insulating bulk. By systematically shifting the waveguides in the fractal arrays, we can form topological corner states at the outer corners of the array. These corner states can be efficiently excited by injecting Gaussian beams into the outer corner sites of the fractal arrays.
Article
Optics
Xiaodong Zhao, Andre Boden, Stefan Nolte, Roland Ackermann
Summary: We investigate the spectral properties of filamentation induced by ps laser in air using a thin-disk based amplifier with a central wavelength of 1030 nm, maximum pulse energy of 60 mJ, and a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The broad spectrum generated by filamentation is found to be capable of exciting ro-vibrational Raman transitions in N2, O2, and CH4. We probe the excitation using the second harmonic (515 nm) to generate CARS signals in air, and study the influence of optical windows on the CARS signal for combustion and gasification diagnostics applications.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Holger Gies, Abdol Sabor Salek
Summary: We investigate the renormalization flow of Hilbert-Palatini gravity to the lowest non-trivial order and find evidence of an asymptotically safe high-energy completion. By quantizing all degrees of freedom beyond Einstein gravity at a given order, we can track the differences between quantizing Hilbert-Palatini gravity and Einstein gravity, which are parametrized by fluctuations of an additional abelian gauge field. The critical properties of the ultraviolet fixed point of Hilbert-Palatini gravity are similar to those of the Reuter fixed point, but occur at a smaller Newton coupling and exhibit more stable higher order exponents.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maxime Chambonneau, Qingfeng Li, Markus Blothe, Stree Vithya Arumugam, Stefan Nolte
Summary: Although ultrafast laser welding is not suitable for joining silicon samples due to nonlinear propagation effects, these limitations can be overcome by enhancing local absorption at the interface through metallic nanolayer deposition. By combining the enhanced absorption with filament relocation during ultrafast laser irradiation, efficient joining of silicon samples is achieved. Shear joining strengths exceeding 4 MPa can be obtained with 21 nm gold nanolayers, promising applications in microelectronics, optics, and astronomy.
ADVANCED PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Optics
Chandroth P. Jisha, Stree Vithya Arumugam, Lorenzo Marrucci, Stefan Nolte, Alessandro Alberucci
Summary: We investigate waveguides based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase, obtained by rotation of the optic axis in a birefringent medium. We study the case where accumulation of geometric phase is present. The interplay between different contributions to the optical potential is addressed and the polarization structure of the quasimodes is observed to evolve continuously.
