Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Michal Horak, Andrea Konecna, Tomas Sikola, Vlastimil Krapek
Summary: Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is commonly used to study localized surface plasmon modes of plasmonic antennas, but it has limited spectral resolution and difficulty in resolving closely spaced modes. In this study, we address this issue by analyzing the plasmon modes of a dimer plasmonic antenna composed of two gold discs. We propose metrics based on spectral and spatial sensitivity to resolve the modes and validate them through electrodynamic simulations. Experimental data demonstrate the capability of these metrics to resolve and identify the modes, except for the transverse bonding and antibonding modes. Overall, the spatio-spectral metrics enhance the information extracted from EELS for plasmonic antennas.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrei Isichenko, Nitesh Chauhan, Debapam Bose, Jiawei Wang, Paul D. Kunz, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: Cold atoms are essential for various precise atomic applications. Photonic integration can enhance the performance of 3D magneto-optical traps (3D-MOT) by improving reliability and reducing size, weight, and cost. However, integrated beam delivery using waveguides has been challenging until now.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandhya Susarla, Pablo Garcia-Fernandez, Colin Ophus, Sujit Das, Pablo Aguado-Puente, Margaret McCarter, Peter Ercius, Lane W. Martin, Ramamoorthy Ramesh, Javier Junquera
Summary: This research utilizes a combination of techniques to probe the electronic structure within polar vortices in oxide superlattices at the atomic scale, finding that the peaks in Ti L-edge spectra systematically shift depending on the position of the Ti4+ cations. First-principles computations and simulations derived from first principles show good agreement with experimental results.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ludovic Chopineau, Adrien Denoeud, Adrien Leblanc, Elkana Porat, Philippe Martin, Henri Vincenti, Fabien Quere
Summary: The use of curved relativistic mirrors to reflect laser beams enables the creation of extreme high-intensity laser fields, facilitating the testing of predictions in quantum electrodynamics and providing a viable experimental path to reach the Schwinger limit.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kiyou Shibata, Kakeru Kikumasa, Shin Kiyohara, Teruyasu Mizoguchi
Summary: This paper provides a database of simulated carbon K edge core loss spectra, which is useful for analyzing experimental spectra and conducting informatics on organic materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daen Jannis, Knut Mueller-Caspary, Armand Beche, Jo Verbeeck
Summary: Recent advances in detector technology have enabled the detection of single events with nanosecond resolution, allowing for time correlations between electrons and X-rays in the transmission electron microscope. The novel setup described in this work improves sensitivity for trace element detection and allows for determination of collection efficiencies without the need for a reference sample. Limitations in time resolution due to the specificities of the silicon drift detector are discussed, along with ways to improve this aspect further.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Agostino Occhicone, Marialilia Pea, Raffaella Polito, Valeria Giliberti, Alberto Sinibaldi, Francesco Mattioli, Sara Cibella, Andrea Notargiacomo, Alessandro Nucara, Paolo Biagioni, Francesco Michelotti, Michele Ortolani, Leonetta Baldassarre
Summary: The study highlights the important role of mid-infrared spectroscopy in label-free sensing, particularly in chemical recognition. A novel vibrational sensing scheme based on Bloch surface waves on 1D photonic crystals is proposed to enhance the sensitivity of mid-infrared sensors. The experimental demonstration of sustaining specific modes in a customized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy setup within a certain wavelength range indicates the potential of the proposed method.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Akhil Varri, Shabnam Taheriniya, Frank Brueckerhoff-Plueckelmann, Ivonne Bente, Nikolaos Farmakidis, Daniel Bernhardt, Harald Roesner, Maximilian Kruth, Achim Nadzeyka, Torsten Richter, Christopher David Wright, Harish Bhaskaran, Gerhard Wilde, Wolfram H. P. Pernice
Summary: This study demonstrates scalable and non-volatile photonic computational memories using automated silicon ion implantation. Precise spectral trimming of large-scale photonic ensembles is achieved with stability and minimal loss penalty. Spectrally aligned photonic memory and computing systems for general matrix multiplication are showcased, enabling wavelength multiplexed integrated architectures at large scales.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Humaira Zafar, Shaima H. Albedwawi, Kyriaki Polychronopoulou, Dalaver Hussain Anjum
Summary: Lanthanide based high entropy oxide (HEO) catalyst supports show promise for catalysis reactions due to the interplay of structural, elemental, and chemical forces. However, determining the structure and chemistry of the phase is challenging because of the high number of elements involved. Researchers use various modalities of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique to determine both structure and oxidation states of the HEO phase in samples synthesized with the coprecipitation of five lanthanide metals.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Juri Barthel, Leslie J. Allen
Summary: This paper discusses the impact of ionization on imaging and spectroscopy based on phonon excitation, pointing out that in addition to elastic scattering and inelastic scattering due to phonon excitation, plasmon excitation and single electron excitation also play a role. It also suggests implications for phonon spectroscopy with a forward direction detector.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haili Jia, Canhui Wang, Chao Wang, Paulette Clancy
Summary: Scanning transmission electron microscopy-based electron energy loss spectroscopy spectral imaging (STEMEELS-SI) is widely used in material research to capture a wealth of information. However, information extraction from noisy and overlapping edges in the data set is still challenging. To address this, we developed a machine learning method based on non-negative robust principal component analysis, which improves the analysis of EELS spectral images. Our algorithm greatly improves image quality compared to traditional methods and expands the characterization of nanomaterial systems by EELS-SI.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. N. Badr, F. Long, Y. Luo, M. Topping, L. K. Beland, Z. Yao, L. Balogh, M. R. Daymond
Summary: The crystal structure of the interfacial areas of a water-quenched nano-hydride was characterized using electron energy-loss spectroscopy and electron diffraction. Plasmon energy values of 17.4±0.01 eV and 18.3±0.01 eV were observed in the interfacial area, but the existence of the ζ- and γ-phases was ruled out. Simulations suggested that the observed energy values could be attributed to the delocalized nature of plasmon vibration and the effect of the interface on shifting the plasmon vibration frequency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gabor Piszter, Krisztian Kertesz, David Kovacs, Daniel Zambo, Zsofia Baji, Levente Illes, Gergely Nagy, Jozsef Sandor Pap, Zsolt Balint, Laszlo Peter Biro
Summary: Solar radiation can be used for water treatment, hydrogen generation, and CO2 reduction. By tuning the supported photocatalysts and using spectral engineering, the efficiency and selectivity can be improved. Biologically-derived photonic nanoarchitectures can enhance photocatalytic performance. The combination of photonic nanoarchitectures and photocatalysts can significantly increase the photodegradation of pollutants in water.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Simone Piacentini, Francesca Bragheri, Giacomo Corrielli, Rebeca Martinez Vazquez, Petra Paie, Roberto Osellame
Summary: Glass plays a fundamental role in science and technology, especially in optics and photonics. Femtosecond laser micromachining is a powerful technique that can fabricate complex glass micro-structures for applications in biology, strong-field physics, and astronomy.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
B. R. Geethika, Jinto Thomas, Milaan Patel, Renjith Kumar R., Hem Chandra Joshi
Summary: The spatio-temporal dependence of the emission anisotropy of nanosecond laser produced aluminium plasma at 100 mbar background pressure is investigated in this study. The anisotropy of the emission spectra exhibits interesting spatio-temporal characteristics, depending on the charge state of the emitting species. The degree of polarization (DOP) is found to reverse its sign along the plume propagation direction, which is due to the contribution from various atomic processes involved.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Optics
Kurt Busch
Summary: Editor-in-Chief Kurt Busch introduces a new prize for the best paper published by an emerging researcher in the Journal in 2021.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin Maass, Daniel Hartley, Kurt Busch, Dennis Raetzel
Summary: This study presents a method for manipulating the state of trapped ultra-cold bosonic atom clouds, including the creation of coherent and squeezed states as well as the coupling of quasiparticle modes. By utilizing an external cavity field, operations such as state swapping and beam splitting can be implemented to realize a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) in frequency space. The research also provides examples of sensing applications and calculates fundamental limitations based on state-of-the-art technology parameters.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
A. Kalita, Q. Zhong, K. Busch, R. El-Ganainy
Summary: We introduce a new type of multicore optical fiber with a quantum-inspired network topology and unique spectral features. The connectivity between the cores is achieved through unfolding a circular array of coupled quantum oscillators in Fock space. This fiber geometry allows for revival dynamics, enabling periodic re-imaging of the input intensity.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Andreas Hessler, Sophia Wahl, Philip Trost Kristensen, Matthias Wuttig, Kurt Busch, Thomas Taubner
Summary: Phase-change materials (PCMs) have the ability to tune nanophotonic components through non-volatile resonance tuning. The plasmonic PCM In3SbTe2 (IST) exhibits a change in permittivity over a broad infrared spectral range in its crystalline phase. In this study, nanostructured IST rod and disk antennas were investigated, and by crystallizing the IST with laser pulses, individual antennas were switched between narrow dielectric and broad plasmonic resonances. This work enables the development of nanophotonic applications such as active spectral filters, tunable absorbers, and switchable flat optics.
Article
Optics
Konrad Tschernig, Gabriel Martinez-Niconoff, Kurt Busch, Miguel A. Bandres, Armando Perez-Leija
Summary: Topological physics is utilized to create systems with unique wave-guiding properties. Photonic topological insulators have been developed to enable topologically protected light states that propagate along the system's edge without coupling into the bulk or backscattering. This study explores the interplay between topological protection and the degree of spatial coherence in classical light propagating in disordered photonic topological insulators, finding that there exists a well-defined spectral window in which partially coherent light is topologically protected.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Optics
D. Reiche, F. Intravaia, K. Busch
Summary: This article discusses the drag force, known as quantum friction, experienced by two or more objects moving relative to each other in a vacuum. This contactless non-conservative interaction is mediated by fluctuations in the material-modified quantum electrodynamic vacuum and is purely quantum in nature. Extensive research has been conducted, stimulating the development of both theoretical and experimental approaches.
Article
Optics
Fabian Loth, Thomas Kiel, Kurt Busch, Philip Trost Kristensen
Summary: This article presents a practical approach to construct meshes of rough surfaces with prescribed autocorrelation functions based on unstructured meshes of nominally smooth surfaces. The approach utilizes a well-known method to construct correlated random numbers from white noise using a decomposition of the autocorrelation matrix. The authors discuss important details and provide a corresponding software implementation for modeling surface roughness. As an example application, the impact of surface roughness on the resonance frequencies and quality factors of a plasmonic nano-sphere dimer is demonstrated. The approach can be utilized in various numerical methods to analyze the effects of surface roughness in different fields of science and engineering.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. Simonson, S. K. Ozdemir, K. Busch, R. El-Ganainy
Summary: We propose a theoretical framework to explain the scattering lineshapes in non-Hermitian resonant systems and establish the connection with the input/output scattering channels. We present a transparent derivation of the resolvent operator associated with a non-Hermitian system and highlight its connection with the underlying eigenspace decomposition. Additionally, we provide a simple solution to the problem of self-orthogonality associated with the left and right Jordan canonical vectors and show how the left basis can be constructed systematically. Our work provides a unified mathematical framework for studying non-Hermitian systems implemented using dielectric cavities, metamaterials, and plasmonic resonators.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Optics
K. O. N. R. A. D. Tschernig, A. R. M. A. N. D. O. Perez-Leija, K. U. R. T. Busch
Summary: This study investigates the possibility of introducing randomness into artificial gauge fields through local random phase shifts in the modulation of optical waveguide networks. Numerical simulations demonstrate the occurrence of Anderson localization under specific modulation phases. Furthermore, the results of this study have implications for the engineering design of waveguide networks, enabling the realization of dynamic localization and defect-free surface states.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Daniel Wendland, Marlon Becker, Frank Brueckerhoff-Plueckelmann, Ivonne Bente, Kurt Busch, Benjamin Risse, Wolfram H. P. Pernice
Summary: The number of systems used for computation in the physical domain has significantly increased in recent years. Optical and photonic systems have gained interest due to their potential for energy-efficient linear operations and faster computation speed. However, scaling up integrated photonic designs to meet the requirements of meaningful computation remains a challenge.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Mingwei Yang, Elizabeth Robertson, Luisa Esguerra, Kurt Busch, Janik Wolters
Summary: This work presents the realization and characterization of a three-layer optical convolutional neural network, where the linear part is based on a 4f-imaging system and the optical nonlinearity is achieved through the absorption profile of a cesium atomic vapor cell. The system achieved an 83.96% accuracy in classifying the handwritten digital dataset MNIST, which is consistent with corresponding simulations. Thus, our results demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing atomic nonlinearities in neural network architectures with low power consumption.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Viktor Bender, Tobias Bucher, Mohammad Nasimuzzaman Mishuk, Yuxuan Xie, Isabelle Staude, Falk Eilenberger, Kurt Busch, Thomas Pertsch, Bayarjargal N. Tugchin
Summary: Photoluminescence spectroscopy is used to study the excitonic properties of mechanically exfoliated monolayer MoS2 under various physical and chemical stimuli. The study characterizes midgap exciton states originating from lattice defects and compares them to existing models. Statistical data analyses reveal a photoluminescence enhancement through physisorption of water molecules on the controversial excited-state A biexciton (AXX*). Additionally, the study shows that surface roughness does not account for changes in doping level within monolayer MoS2 on gold substrates, and reports a shift in the electron-phonon coupling properties due to physisorbed water films on top of the samples.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gino Wegner, Dan-Nha Huynh, N. Asger Mortensen, Francesco Intravaia, Kurt Busch
Summary: The paper discusses the impact of an extended model proposed by Halevi on the nonlocal response of plasmonic materials and nanostructures. It reevaluates the Mie scattering coefficients for a cylinder and corresponding plasmon-polariton resonances within this framework. The analysis reveals a nonlocal, collisional, and size-dependent damping term that affects the resonances in the extinction spectrum. The implementation of the Halevi model in the time domain is particularly important for efficient and accurate modeling of nanogap structures and other nanoscale features in nanoplasmonics applications.
Article
Optics
M. Oelschlaeger, D. Reiche, C. H. Egerland, K. Busch, F. Intravaia
Summary: We investigate the nonconservative dynamics of an atom in a complex structured electromagnetic environment at finite temperature. The frictional force acting on the atom when it moves along the environment's translation-invariant axis is due to the nonequilibrium interaction with the fluctuating quantum electromagnetic field, which establishes a privileged reference frame. We study the impact of quantum and thermal fluctuations on the interaction, revealing qualitatively different types of viscosity.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Qi Zhong, Haoqi Zhao, Liang Feng, Kurt Busch, Sahin K. Ozdemir, Ramy El-Ganainy
Summary: Optical resonators are structures that use wave interference and feedback to control light. They can support standing- or traveling-wave modes depending on the feedback mechanism. This article introduces a new class of photonic resonators that support a hybrid optical mode, which can be implemented using chip-scale photonics and free-space optics.
