Article
Urology & Nephrology
Simon Sawhney, Samira Bell, Corri Black, Christian Fynbo Christiansen, Uffe Heide-Jorgensen, Simon Kok Jensen, Paul E. Ronksley, Zhi Tan, Marcello Tonelli, Heather Walker, Matthew T. James
Summary: Using a consistent analytical approach and KDIGO criteria, the study found that the incidence and prognosis of AKI and AKD are consistent in three high-income countries. The age-standardized incidence rates were similar across regions and years, and the standardized 1-year mortality varied among patients meeting different creatinine criteria.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jianhua Yang, Yuanxiu Gan, Xuanyun Feng, Xiangyu Chen, Shu Wang, Junwei Gao
Summary: This study systematically reviewed and assessed the efficacy and safety of melatonin in preventing acute kidney injury (AKI). The results showed that melatonin did not have a significant effect on reducing the incidence of AKI. More well-designed clinical studies with larger sample size are needed in the future to verify these findings.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiwen Geng, Yuxuan Qiu, Zheng Qin, Baihai Su
Summary: Urinary KIM-1 is a good predictor for AKI in adult patients with relatively high sensitivity and specificity, but further research and clinical trials are needed to confirm its common use in clinical diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lina Naseralallah, Malkan Khatib, Azhar Al-Khulaifi, Mohammed Danjuma
Summary: Polypharmacy is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to an ageing population and multimorbidity. This systematic review and meta-analysis found a high prevalence of polypharmacy in CKD patients, with higher rates in North America and Europe compared to Asia.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Scott M. Sutherland, Ahmad Kaddourah, Scott E. Gillespie, Danielle E. Soranno, Robert P. Woroniecki, Rajit K. Basu, Michael Zappitelli
Summary: This study proposed an Acute Kidney Injury Score by combining creatinine and urine output criteria, which more accurately characterizes the severity and outcomes of acute kidney injury. The results showed that higher scores were associated with increased mortality and nonrecovery risks.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Xiaopeng Yang, Shasha Tian, Hui Guo
Summary: This meta-analysis examined the incidence of AKI and the use of RRT in COVID-19 patients, finding them to be significant public health concerns. Early and appropriate interventions are recommended to improve patient outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ted J. Lawrence, Bryce P. Takenaka, Aastha Garg, Donghua Tao, Sharon L. Deem, Eric M. Fevre, Ilona Gluecks, Vasit Sagan, Enbal Shacham
Summary: Ecological niche modeling (ENM) is an effective method for predicting the emergence of emerging infectious diseases. The study shows that biotic, abiotic, and mobility factors play important roles in explaining ecological niches, while social factors are less considered. The algorithms and model selection procedures used in the studies are mostly well-recognized, but uncertainty analysis is rarely reported.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Melissa Willoughby, Jesse T. Young, Matthew J. Spittal, Rohan Borschmann, Emilia K. Janca, Stuart A. Kinner
Summary: This study aims to systematically review the literature on violence-related deaths among individuals released from incarceration, assessing quality and conducting meta-analyses to inform evidence-based approaches for preventing violence-related deaths in this population.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tahereh Sabaghian, Amir Behnam Kharazmi, Ali Ansari, Fatemeh Omidi, Seyyedeh Neda Kazemi, Bahareh Hajikhani, Roya Vaziri-Harami, Ardeshir Tajbakhsh, Sajjad Omidi, Sara Haddadi, Amir Hashem Shahidi Bonjar, Mohammad Javad Nasiri, Mehdi Mirsaeidi
Summary: Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently complicates the course of COVID-19 hospitalizations and is associated with increased severity of illness, prolonged duration of hospitalization, and poor prognosis. Early detection of comorbidities and renal complications is essential to improve the outcomes of COVID-19 patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Ming Chang, Yu-Ting Chou, Wei-Chih Kan, Chih-Chung Shiao
Summary: This review discusses the bidirectional interplay and pathophysiological mechanisms between sepsis and acute kidney injury (AKI), as well as preventive strategies for these conditions. The primary pathophysiology of sepsis-associated AKI involves inflammation, vascular dysfunction, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. On the other hand, the pathophysiology of sepsis following AKI includes fluid overload, hyperinflammation, immunosuppression, and infection associated with kidney replacement therapy and catheter cannulation. Several limitations persistently prevent a full understanding of the bidirectional pathophysiologies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachel F. Simpson, Kathryn R. Hesketh, Kate Ellis, Esther M. F. van Sluijs
Summary: This scoping review provides an overview of the current evidence base on parental physical activity, highlighting the predominance of research from North America, the focus on mothers over fathers, and the concentration on parents of infants, toddlers, and primary-school aged children.
Review
Microbiology
Anna Skiada, Maria Drogari-Apiranthitou, Ioannis Pavleas, Eirini Daikou, George Petrikkos
Summary: Cutaneous mucormycosis is the third most common clinical type of mucormycosis. Early diagnosis is crucial for better outcomes. This systematic review analyzed cases from 1958 to 2021, providing insights into the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Most cases were reported in North America and Asia, with diabetes mellitus and hematological malignancies as the common risk factors. Trauma was the most common mode of transmission, and treatment involved antifungals and surgery.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samar Al-Hajj, Hassan R. Dhaini, Stefania Mondello, Haytham Kaafarani, Firas Kobeissy, Ralph G. DePalma
Summary: The Beirut port explosion led to hundreds of deaths and thousands of injuries, causing severe damage to the surrounding area. This incident has sparked concerns about chemical safety and emergency preparedness, urging governments to strengthen regulations and implement stricter measures.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Li-Chun Lin, Min-Hsiang Chuan, Jung-Hua Liu, Hung-Wei Liao, Leong L. Ng, Martin Magnusson, Amra Jujic, Heng-Chih Pan, Vin-Cent Wu, Lui G. Forni
Summary: Our meta-analysis of 11 observational studies with 3969 patients showed that proenkephalin A 119-159 (PENK) has significant potential as a biomarker for early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI), with a cutoff value of 57.3 pmol/L. The overall sensitivity and specificity of PENK in identifying AKI were 0.69 (95% CI 0.62-0.75) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.68-0.82), respectively. The combined positive likelihood ratio (LR) was 2.83 (95% CI 2.06-3.88), and the negative LR was 0.41 (95% CI 0.33-0.52). The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve demonstrated a pooled diagnostic accuracy of 0.77 (95% CI 0.73-0.81). Interestingly, patients with a history of hypertension or heart failure showed lower specificity of PENK in correlating with the development of AKI.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shaun Danielli, Hutan Ashrafian, Ara Darzi
Summary: This systematic scoping review explores the initiatives undertaken by cities to improve health and healthcare for their populations. The majority of these initiatives are targeted at non-communicable diseases. It is observed that city health departments are increasingly contributing, but the role of mayors appears to be limited.