Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Tarbox-Berry, Barbara C. Walsh, Michael F. Pogue-Geile, Scott W. Woods
Summary: This study presents the first data on APS symptoms in family members of APS patients, showing that the severity of symptoms is greater in probands compared to siblings, especially in the negative/anxiety and positive factors. These results support the importance of non-familial effects on risk for APS and suggest differences in familial contribution to APS symptoms.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Silvia Azzali, Lorenzo Pelizza, Ilaria Scazza, Federica Paterlini, Sara Garlassi, Luigi Rocco Chiri, Michele Poletti, Simona Pupo, Andrea Raballo
Summary: Aberrant salience (AS) is clinically relevant in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) of psychosis, and it appears to improve over time with the delivery of specialized psychosocial interventions for early psychosis.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alysia M. Berglund, Ian M. Raugh, Kelsey I. Macdonald, Sydney H. James, Lisa A. Bartolomeo, Anna R. Knippenberg, Gregory P. Strauss
Summary: Although the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has been acknowledged, little attention has been given to its effects on individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This study examined changes in hallucination and delusion frequency and distress among different groups over the course of the pandemic. The findings suggest that addressing positive symptoms and ensuring medication adherence are crucial during this time.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Daniel Mamah, Victoria N. Mutiso, David M. Ndetei
Summary: This study found that 72% of Kenyan adolescents and young adults surveyed reported having at least one psychotic-like experience in the past year. Additionally, 4.6% and 30.6% were classified as high-risk and medium-risk based on symptom scores. The severity of psychotic-like experiences was correlated with mood, stress, and autistic traits, as well as with socioeconomic factors like poverty and underemployment.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Katarzyna Rek-Owodzin, Ernest Tyburski, Katarzyna Waszczuk, Jerzy Samochowiec, Monika Mak
Summary: In recent years, clinicians have focused on developing the concept of ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis to understand and potentially prevent the development of psychotic disorders. Despite evidence supporting the benefits of therapy, early interventions are not as widely used as they should be, highlighting the importance of better understanding the UHR state for healthcare workers.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Jordan DeVylder, Deidre Anglin, Michelle R. Munson, Atsushi Nishida, Hans Oh, Jonathan Marsh, Zui Narita, Natalie Bareis, Lisa Fedina
Summary: Psychotic disorders are unevenly distributed by race in the United States. Hispanic and Black respondents reported higher rates of psychotic experiences, with hallucinations more commonly reported by the Hispanic respondents. These racial disparities in psychotic experiences are explained by socioenvironmental risk factors such as income, education, urban/rural living, discrimination, and trauma exposure.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Lisa A. Bartolomeo, Hannah C. Chapman, Ian M. Raugh, Gregory P. Strauss
Summary: Two studies found impairments in value representation in patients with schizophrenia, but normal performance in CHR participants. Higher discounting rates were associated with greater severity of negative symptoms in both groups.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Dan Foti, Greg Perlman, Evelyn J. Bromet, Philip D. Harvey, Greg Hajcak, Daniel H. Mathalon, Roman Kotov
Summary: This study examined the relationship between neural measures of performance monitoring and executive function, symptoms, and functioning in individuals with psychotic disorders. The results showed that reduced error-related negativity and error positivity were associated with impaired executive function, negative symptom severity, and poor real-world functioning in the clinical cohort. Multiple potential pathways were identified, suggesting a transdiagnostic model of psychotic disorders where poor performance monitoring contributes to impaired executive function, negative symptoms, and poor functioning.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Assia Riccioni, Martina Siracusano, Michelangelo Vasta, Michele Ribolsi, Federico Fiori Nastro, Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Luigi Mazzone
Summary: Psychosis occurs at high rates in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the detection of prodromal psychotic symptoms in ASD has not been extensively studied. This longitudinal study found that nearly one-third of young individuals with ASD/APS convert to full psychosis over time. Conversion to full psychosis is affected by decreased cognitive and adaptive skills.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Gregory P. Strauss, Lisa A. Bartolomeo, Lauren Luther
Summary: This study found that CHR participants demonstrated deficits in the willingness to expend effort for rewards, which were associated with negative symptoms and greater risk for conversion.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Melina Wiedmann, Soeren Kuitunen-Paul, Lukas A. Basedow, Veit Roessner, Yulia Golub
Summary: Among adolescent SUD patients, MDMA use in addition to cannabis use is associated with APS, while cannabis use is not related to APS. Cannabis may increase the risk for psychosis after a longer period of use and in combination with other risk factors, such as trauma history. Clinicians should screen for APS among SUD patients using MDMA and cannabis in order to adapt treatment plans of SUDs.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Tyler M. Moore, Monica E. Calkins, Adon F. G. Rosen, Ellyn R. Butler, Kosha Ruparel, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Philip McGuire, Tyrone D. Cannon, Ruben C. Gur, Raquel E. Gur
Summary: Assessment of risks of illnesses is a crucial part of medicine, and the development of risk calculators, particularly for psychosis risk, can aid in identifying at-risk community youth. This study utilized various methods to predict future psychosis spectrum (PS) status, with variables like the Children's Global Assessment Scale, delusions, and neighborhood marriage rates being strong predictors. The results suggest potential applications for risk calculators in screening and identifying at-risk youth in community settings.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio Melillo, Edoardo Caporusso, Giulia Maria Giordano, Luigi Giuliani, Pasquale Pezzella, Andrea Perrottelli, Paola Bucci, Armida Mucci, Silvana Galderisi, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud Franchi
Summary: This review aims to explore the correlations between negative symptoms and deficits in neurocognition and social cognition in individuals with first-episode psychosis and at-risk populations. The available evidence suggests that negative symptoms are associated with executive functioning and theory of mind deficits in first-episode psychosis subjects, and with deficits in processing speed, attention, vigilance, and working memory in at-risk populations.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Dorte Nordholm, Marie Aarrebo Jensen, Louise Birkedal Glenthoj, Tina Dam Kristensen, Christina Wenneberg, Anne Helene Garde, Merete Nordentoft
Summary: Sleep disturbances are common in individuals at ultra high-risk of psychosis and have been found to play a causal role in the occurrence of psychotic symptoms. Few studies have systematically investigated sleep disturbances in this population. The results suggest that high-risk individuals have difficulties waking up and feel exhausted upon awakening, indicating a delayed sleep phase.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
K. Juston Osborne, Katherine S. F. Damme, Tina Gupta, Derek J. Dean, Jessica A. Bernard, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: The study found that CHR youth exhibited poorer temporal accuracy compared to controls, which was associated with abnormal connectivity between the bilateral anterior cerebellum and a right caudate/nucleus accumbens striatal cluster. Poor temporal accuracy accounted for 11% of the variance in worsening of negative symptoms over 12 months.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
