Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aishwarya Saripalli, John Ramapuram
Summary: CRP is a valuable screening tool for tuberculosis in people living with HIV, showing a statistically significant relationship with tuberculosis positivity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Andreea-Daniela Meca, Adina Turcu-Stiolica, Maria Bogdan, Mihaela-Simona Subtirelu, Relu Cocos, Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu, Beatrice Mahler, Catalina-Gabriela Pisoschi
Summary: CRP has high sensitivity in screening HIV-associated PTB in outpatient settings. The use of a CRP threshold of 8 mg/L as a testing method yields better results in terms of specificity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Khalide Azam, Celso Khosa, Sofia Viegas, Isabel Massango, Nilesh Bhatt, Ilesh Jani, Norbert Heinrich, Michael Hoelscher, Stephen H. Gillespie, Andrea Rachow, Wilber Sabiiti
Summary: This study assessed the relationship between tuberculosis (TB) bacillary load and C-reactive protein (CRP) as biomarkers of treatment response. The findings showed that the reduction in TB bacillary load and CRP concentration was associated with treatment response. Combining these two measures can improve the accuracy of monitoring TB treatment response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Masafumi Shimoda, Takashi Yoshiyama, Masao Okumura, Yoshiaki Tanaka, Kozo Morimoto, Hiroyuki Kokutou, Takeshi Osawa, Koji Furuuchi, Keiji Fujiwara, Koki Ito, Kozo Yoshimori, Ken Ohta
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed 147 hospitalized adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and studied the characteristics of patients with persistent severe inflammation. It was found that the presence of a large cavity on chest computed tomography (CT) and a high CRP level on admission were risk factors for persistent severe inflammation.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Clara Ruiz-Fernandez, Maria Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Vera Francisco, Ibraheem M. Rajab, Rodolfo Gomez, Javier Conde, Francisca Lago, Jesus Pino, Ali Mobasheri, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Gay, Antonio Mera, Lawrence A. Potempa, Oreste Gualillo
Summary: This study demonstrates that monomeric C reactive protein (mCRP) exerts strong pro-inflammatory properties in chondrocytes, increasing the expression of various inflammatory mediators and proteolytic enzymes, thereby promoting breakdown of the extracellular matrix in cartilage.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Robert Krause, Christian M. Warren, Joshua D. Simmons, Peter F. Rebeiro, Fernanda Maruri, Farina Karim, Timothy R. Sterling, John R. Koethe, Al Leslie, Yuri F. van der Heijden
Summary: Patients with stable/increased HbA1c during TB treatment exhibited an increased pro-inflammatory state and elevated T cell activity. These changes were associated with unresolved dysglycemia and may indicate failure to fully resolve infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jingjing Zhou, Jia Zhou, Zuoli Sun, Lei Feng, Yuan Feng, Le Xiao, Xu Chen, Jian Yang
Summary: This study found that CRP levels in the blood are associated with remission and symptomatic improvement in patients receiving escitalopram treatment for depression. Patients with lower CRP levels are more likely to achieve remission, and baseline CRP levels are negatively correlated with treatment outcomes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert S. Wallis, Sibuse Ginindza, Trevor Beattie, Nishanee Arjun, Morongwe Likoti, Modulakgotla Sebe, Vinodh A. Edward, Mohammed Rassool, Khatija Ahmed, Katherine Fielding, Bintou A. Ahidjo, Mboyo D. T. Vangu, Gavin Churchyard
Summary: The study evaluated early biomarkers of tuberculosis treatment effects, including PET/CT parameters showing significant reductions in inflammation in early treatment, especially in everolimus recipients. Whole blood mycobactericidal activity was enhanced by auranofin compared to controls.
Article
Immunology
Yiyang Zhang, Lianghe Lu, Zhangping He, Zhishen Xu, Zhicheng Xiang, Run-Cong Nie, Wenping Lin, Wenxu Chen, Jie Zhou, Yixin Yin, Juanjuan Xie, Youcheng Zhang, Xueyi Zheng, Tianchen Zhu, Xiaoxia Cai, Peng Li, Xue Chao, Mu-Yan Cai
Summary: The study supports the association between high serum CRP levels and response and PFS in HCC patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors. Pre-treatment levels of both CRP and AFP have great potential for determining the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Devan Jaganath, Tania F. Reza, Peter Wambi, Jascent Nakafeero, Emma Kiconco, Gertrude Nanyonga, Ernest A. Oumo, Moses C. Nsereko, Moorine P. Sekadde, Mary G. Nabukenya-Mudiope, Midori Kato-Maeda, Alfred Andama, Christina Yoon, Swomitra Mohanty, Eric Wobudeya, Adithya Cattamanchi
Summary: In a study conducted in Kampala, Uganda, C-reactive protein levels were found to be low in children with respiratory symptoms, and did not meet the accuracy requirements for a triage test for pulmonary tuberculosis, regardless of TB status.
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Margaret E. Olson, Mary G. Hornick, Ashley Stefanski, Haya R. Albanna, Alesia Gjoni, Griffin D. Hall, Peter C. Hart, Ibraheem M. Rajab, Lawrence A. Potempa
Summary: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein synthesized in the liver in response to tissue injury or infection. Recent studies have revealed at least three distinct isoforms of CRP: pentamer, modified monomer, and transitional isoform. This review discusses the interaction of these isoforms with specific immune cells and the innate immune system, as well as their roles in inflammation and immune mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julian F. Kochanowicz, Agnieszka Nowicka, Salwan R. Al-Saad, Lukasz M. Karbowski, Janusz Gadzinowski, Dawid Szpecht
Summary: This study compared the risk factors and characteristics of neonatal sepsis patients based on the type of catheter used and birth weight classification. The results showed that infants with low birth weight and those requiring prolonged parenteral nutrition were more likely to develop catheter-related bloodstream infections. The type of venous catheter used did not affect blood culture results, and the etiology of sepsis did not differ between infants with different birth weights.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shiyu Zhang, Haiyang Bian, Shi Qiu, Boyu Cai, Kun Jin, Xiaonan Zheng, Jiakun Li, Xiang Tu, Jianzhong Ai, Lu Yang, Qiang Wei
Summary: The study found that diets with higher inflammatory potential, as indicated by higher DII scores, are associated with an increased likelihood of urinary incontinence in American women younger than 65 years old. This suggests that diet may play a role in the development of urinary incontinence.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fan Cai, Dianping Tang, Jun Wang, Yao Lin
Summary: A sensitive immunosensing system was designed for quantitative screening of target CRPs using bifunctional antibody-Cu-3(PO4)(2) nanoflowers as molecular tags. This system successfully captured and detected target CRPs from samples, demonstrating promise for the simple and cost-effective analysis of disease-related proteins.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Muhammad Qasim Ui Hassan Faraz, Muhammad Tariq Javed, Irum Javed, Sami Ullah Khan Bahadur, Riaz Hussain, Narmeen Tariq, Aziz Ur Rehman, Farkhanda Manzoor, Shaza Zarnab, Aisha Khatoon, Muhammad Hunain Ahmad, Aira Tariq
Summary: The study investigated the demography of tuberculosis in humans in Faisalabad, Pakistan, and explored the association of TLR-9 gene and C-reactive protein levels with tuberculosis. The SNP analysis of TLR-9 gene (1237 C/T) showed no association with tuberculosis, but serum C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in TB positive cases compared to controls, in both humans and animals.
PAKISTAN VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Aurelie Gouel-Cheron, Martha Nason, Adam Rupert, Virginia Sheikh, Greg Robby, Gary A. Fahle, Irini Sereti
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Martyn A. French, Yuben Moodley
Article
Immunology
Ornella Sortino, Joana Dias, Megan Anderson, Elizabeth Laidlaw, Edwin Leeansyah, Andrea Lisco, Virginia Sheikh, Johan K. Sandberg, Irini Sereti
Summary: Patients with idiopathic CD4(+) lymphocytopenia (ICL) maintain normal levels and function of MAIT cells compared to healthy controls, with IL-7 treatment expanding the CD8(+) MAIT-cell subset while preserving responsiveness and effector functions.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Stephanie Trend, Jonatan Leffler, Ingrid Teige, Bjorn Frendeus, Allan G. Kermode, Martyn A. French, Prue H. Hart
Summary: The study found that B cell subsets from females with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or multiple sclerosis (MS) had lower levels of CD32b expression, which were associated with factors such as Epstein Barr Virus, B cell activating factor, etc. The impact of lower CD32b expression on these cells mainly affected the regulation of TNF expression, especially in naive and IgM(hi) MZ-like B cells, suggesting a potential role in the immunopathogenesis of MS in females.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin, Ornella Sortino, Eveline Verheij, Ferdinand W. Wit, Neeltje A. Kootstra, Brian Sellers, Maarten Schim van der Loeff, Yasmine Belkaid, Peter Reiss, Irini Sereti
Summary: Unbiased plasma proteomics in a matched case-control study of treated people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) revealed the complement cascade as being among the top pathways enriched in PWH. Specific complement components, namely C5, associated significantly with non-AIDS comorbidity prevalence, and did so more strongly than previously established predictive biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephanie Trend, Jonatan Leffler, Anderson P. Jones, Lilian Cha, Shelley Gorman, David A. Brown, Samuel N. Breit, Allan G. Kermode, Martyn A. French, Natalie C. Ward, Prue H. Hart
Summary: This study found that serum propionate levels were significantly reduced in patients with MS, and were positively correlated with the frequency of circulating T cells. Butyrate levels were associated with IL-10-producing B cell frequencies and class-switched memory B cell frequencies, while acetate levels negatively correlated with TNF production by polyclonally-activated B cells. These findings suggest that SCFAs may play a role in modulating the development of MS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Catherine W. Cai, Irini Sereti
Summary: The use of combination antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved morbidity and mortality in people with HIV, but may not fully restore immune function, leading to non-AIDS comorbidities. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of therapy at high CD4 counts may be the best approach for improved immune recovery in PWH.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nabila Seddiki, Martyn French
Summary: Both COVID-19 and mycobacterial IRIS are characterized by immunopathology and pro-inflammatory responses, with monocyte/macrophage activation resulting from inadequate adaptive immune responses, leading to exacerbated inflammation. Targeting both the immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory effects of the 'cytokine storm' may improve therapy for these conditions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jonatan Leffler, Stephanie Trend, Natalie C. Ward, Georges E. Grau, Simon Hawke, Scott N. Byrne, Allan G. Kermode, Martyn A. French, Prue H. Hart
Summary: This study investigates the role of B cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) and reveals that MS patients exhibit dysregulation in B cell homeostasis, including increased memory B cells and decreased expression of BAFF-R. The study also demonstrates that reactivation of Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) in MS patients is associated with phenotypic changes in B cells. These findings provide further insights into the pathological mechanisms of MS and the complex role of BAFF/BAFF-R signaling.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
M. Christian Tjiam, Sonia Fernandez, Martyn A. French
Summary: The study investigates the antigen-specific B cell response to tetanus toxoid booster vaccination in humans. It reveals the diverse responses of B cell subsets and their association with activated circulating follicular helper T cells, providing important insights for vaccine design.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Irini Sereti, Tomi Akinyemiju, Sara Gianella
Editorial Material
Immunology
Martyn A. French
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jonatan Leffler, Stephanie Trend, Prue H. Hart, Martyn A. French
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is associated with EBV infection, B-cell dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, and other risk factors. EBV-infected memory B cells migrate to GALT and are activated by gut microbes, leading to EBV reactivation and anti-EBV immune responses. Female sex and environmental risk factors affect these responses. Aberrant B-cell responses drive pathogenic T-cell responses in the CNS.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kimberly F. Breglio, Caian L. Vinhaes, Maria B. Arriaga, Martha Nason, Gregg Roby, Joseph Adelsberger, Bruno B. Andrade, Virginia Sheikh, Irini Sereti
Summary: This study assessed the predictors of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (MAC-IRIS) in HIV patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). Results showed that high ALP levels and increased CD8(+) T-cell activation with low CD4 counts at ART initiation were associated with an increased risk of developing MAC-IRIS. Decision tree and logistic regression models suggested that ALP levels and D-dimer could be used as predictors for MAC-IRIS likelihood.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Asier Saez-Cirion, Irini Sereti
Summary: Immunometabolism plays a key role in HIV-1 pathogenesis, with the metabolic states of T cells and macrophages determining their susceptibility to infection, metabolism of immune cells shaping their response to infection, and metabolic products driving inflammation during infection.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)