Review
Cell Biology
Fabiana Alejandra Rossi, Mario Rossi
Summary: This article summarizes the role of deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 in controlling various cellular processes in different tumors, and its potential as a therapeutic target in oncology.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Abigail Edwards, Keith Brennan
Summary: The Notch signaling pathway plays crucial roles in development and disease, particularly in breast cancer, affecting various aspects like proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis, as well as cancer stem cell phenotype and therapy resistance. Therapeutic targeting of Notch signaling holds promise for breast cancer treatment, with considerations of both potential benefits and drawbacks.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ingrid W. Zhang, Cristina Lopez-Vicario, Marta Duran-Guell, Joan Claria
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in providing cellular energy and their dysfunction can lead to various diseases. Due to the high mitochondrial content, liver diseases require special attention to mitochondrial function. Research on mitochondrial dysfunction should start by defining the specific dysfunctions to be investigated.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nalani Sachan, Vartika Sharma, Mousumi Mutsuddi, Ashim Mukherjee
Summary: The Notch pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling system that influences cell fate decisions in various developmental contexts. Dysregulation of Notch signaling is associated with developmental defects and pathological conditions, including cancer. Despite recent advances in understanding the mechanism and regulation of the Notch signaling pathway, there are still unanswered questions regarding its functions in development and disease.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mohamed El-Tanani, Hamdi Nsairat, Alaa A. Aljabali, Angel Serrano-Aroca, Vijay Mishra, Yachana Mishra, Gowhar A. Naikoo, Walhan Alshaer, Murtaza M. Tambuwala
Summary: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a signalling system, is necessary for various cell proliferation activities. It recognizes PI3KAKT stress signals as a serine-threonine kinase. The abnormal regulation of mTOR pathway has been proven to be crucial in cancer growth and advancement. This review primarily discusses the normal functions of mTOR as well as its abnormal roles in cancer development.
Review
Physiology
Ankan Gupta, Kevin R. Rarick, Ramani Ramchandran
Summary: This review discusses the state of knowledge on embryonic brain vascular patterning in zebrafish and mouse model systems, focusing on the origins and distinguishing features of brain endothelial cells. The interplay between brain endothelial cells and neural stem cells, mechanisms of Wnt signaling in brain vascular patterning, and emerging areas in vertebrates' cerebrovascular structures are explored.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Indrashis Bhattacharya, Souvik Dey
Summary: Leydig cells (Lc) in the testis play a critical role in male fertility by producing testosterone in response to luteinizing hormone (LH). Recent studies have identified the diverse origins of these cells and their differential transcriptomic and steroidogenic outputs. Fetal Lc (FLc) originate from coelomic epithelium and perivascular cells, and gradually give way to adult Lc (ALc), which are considered to be derived from FLc and perivascular cells. This article summarizes the current understanding of Lc development, their cellular origins, and their functional significance in rodent and primate testes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Gene Koh, Andrea Degasperi, Xueqing Zou, Sophie Momen, Serena Nik-Zainal
Summary: Whole-genome sequencing has enabled the identification of mutational signatures in cancer, shedding light on the causes of individual cancers. Progress has been made in computational, experimental, and clinical directions, but caution is advised in utilizing mutational signature frameworks. Recent developments in the field provide insights into practical issues and challenges in mutational signature analysis for potential clinical applications.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Elizabeth S. Fishman, Jisoo S. Han, Anna La Torre
Summary: The oscillatory expression patterns of transcription factors and other genes are associated with various biological processes. MiRNA oscillations have been found to regulate these oscillatory activities. Understanding the dynamic interaction between miRNA expression and their target genes plays a key role in comprehending developmental processes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joanna Kalafut, Arkadiusz Czerwonka, Karolina Czapla, Alicja Przybyszewska-Podstawka, Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz, Adolfo Rivero-Muller, Lidia Borkiewicz
Summary: Notch1 signaling plays a diverse role in tissue development and homeostasis. The relationship between NOTCH1 expression and the development of health disorders, especially cancers, is intensively studied. Control of Notch1 signaling involves not only transcriptional regulation but also various post-translational events, including ligand-dependent mechanical activation and interaction with other signaling molecules, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katharina F. Sonnen, Claudia Y. Janda
Summary: In multicellular organisms, cellular behavior is tightly regulated through communication via signaling pathways, which are dynamic and can vary over time. The dynamic nature of signaling pathways plays a crucial role in influencing cellular behavior and organism development.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gad Asher, Bokai Zhu
Summary: This article reviews the basic principles of circadian rhythms and the recent research progress in hepatic ultradian rhythms. It discusses the prevalence and mechanisms of hepatic 12-hour rhythms and 8-hour rhythms, as well as other frequencies of ultradian rhythms. The limitations of current approaches and the challenges in identifying and understanding the molecular basis of ultradian rhythms are also examined.
Review
Pathology
Angelo Armandi, Maurice Michel, Kamela Gjini, Tilman Emrich, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Jorn M. M. Schattenberg
Summary: The non-invasive identification of liver fibrosis related to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is crucial for risk-stratification of patients. Multiple non-invasive tests have been developed and validated as good surrogates for risk stratification, including blood-based scores and vibration-controlled transient elastography.
EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qian Zhou, Bingqi Li, Jun Li
Summary: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome characterized by acute decompensation of chronic liver disease associated with multiple-organ failures and high short-term mortality. Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) plays a vital role in immune regulation, metabolism, angiogenesis, and biliary regeneration, which participate in liver pathological and physiological processes. The involvement of DLL4-Notch signaling in ACLF and the potential role of DLL4 in its treatment are discussed in this review.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susanne Reischauer, Bartholomaeus Pieber
Summary: Researchers have improved photocatalysts by adjusting the wavelength and intensity to control or change the selectivity of chemical reactions. In addition, recent efforts have focused on substituting strong reductants, such as elemental lithium and sodium, with light and technological advancements.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paula Olaizola, Pui Yuen Lee-Law, Maite G. Fernandez-Barrena, Laura Alvarez, Massimiliano Cadamuro, Mikel Azkargorta, Colm J. O'Rourke, Francisco J. Caballero-Camino, Irene Olaizola, Rocio I. R. Macias, Jose J. G. Marin, Marina Serrano-Macia, Maria L. Martinez-Chantar, Matias A. Avila, Patricia Aspichueta, Diego F. Calvisi, Matthias Evert, Luca Fabris, Rui E. Castro, Felix Elortza, Jesper B. Andersen, Luis Bujanda, Pedro M. Rodrigues, Maria J. Perugorria, Jesus M. Banales
Summary: The study found that NEDDylation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of cholangiocarcinoma, inhibition of NEDDylation can suppress CCA cell proliferation and prevent tumor formation, showing potential therapeutic effects in inhibiting CCA cell growth and stroma interaction.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Massimiliano Cadamuro, Adriana Romanzi, Maria Guido, Samantha Sarcognato, Umberto Cillo, Enrico Gringeri, Giacomo Zanus, Mario Strazzabosco, Paolo Simioni, Erica Villa, Luca Fabris
Summary: The prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma is still poor despite advances in immunotherapy and molecular profiling. Surgical procedures like liver resection and transplantation offer the best chances for cure, but lymph node metastases can compromise treatment outcomes. Tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis plays a crucial role in the invasiveness and progression of cholangiocarcinoma, which has been largely overlooked until recently. Understanding the intercellular signaling and molecular mechanisms of tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis may help identify new therapeutic targets to improve treatment success rates.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
James J. Harding, Danny N. Khalil, Luca Fabris, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa
Summary: Biliary tract cancers are rare gastrointestinal malignancies associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Various treatments, including chemotherapy, precision medicine, and immunotherapy, are used in both standard-of-care and investigational settings. Recent research has shown that the combination of durvalumab with gemcitabine and cisplatin improves survival outcomes. Precision medicine is utilized in patients with specific genetic alterations, while fluoropyridine doublets are used in patients without targetable genetic alterations. Next-generation sequencing is crucial for patient care and understanding resistance mechanisms. Ongoing clinical trials seek to improve treatment standards and develop effective combination drug therapies for the future.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Massimiliano Cadamuro, Ahmad Al-Taee, Tamas A. Gonda
Summary: Cholangiocarcinoma is a deadly malignancy that is often diagnosed late due to its intrinsic characteristics and the growth pattern of cancer cells. However, early and accurate diagnosis, as well as identification of targetable changes, can potentially improve survival. Primary sclerosing cholangitis, a precursor to a minority of cholangiocarcinomas, poses particular diagnostic challenges. This article presents a comprehensive diagnostic and theranostic approach to extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, incorporating advanced imaging, endoscopic methods, multiple tissue sampling approaches, and molecular markers. An algorithm for sequential tool usage is also provided.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Alessandro Gambella, Silvia Kalantari, Massimiliano Cadamuro, Marco Quaglia, Maurizio Delvecchio, Luca Fabris, Michele Pinon
Summary: The hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta (HNF1B) gene plays a crucial role in the development of specialized epithelia in various organs during embryogenesis. Pathogenic variants of HNF1B have been associated with a complex syndrome that mainly affects children, leading to diabetes and renal complications. However, recent studies have highlighted the importance of liver involvement, including a potential link to tumor development, expanding the understanding of HNF1B-associated disease. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the genetic, phenotypic, and clinical features of HNF1B deficiency in both pediatric and adult populations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Massimiliano Cadamuro, Samantha Sarcognato, Riccardo Camerotto, Noemi Girardi, Alberto Lasagni, Giacomo Zanus, Umberto Cillo, Enrico Gringeri, Giovanni Morana, Mario Strazzabosco, Elena Campello, Paolo Simioni, Maria Guido, Luca Fabris
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with the development of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), a liver tumor. MetS iCCAs have increased deposition of osteopontin (OPN), tenascin C (TnC), and periostin (POSTN) in the extracellular matrix (ECM), which stimulates cell motility and cancer-stem-cell-like phenotype. OPN overexpression may serve as a predictive biomarker and therapeutic target for MetS iCCA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Diego Calvisi, Luke Boulter, Javier Vaquero, Anna Saborowski, Luca M. Fabris, Pedro Rodrigues, Cedric E. Coulouarn, Rui Castro, Oreste Segatto, Chiara Raggi, Luc J. W. van der Laan, Guido Carpino, Benjamin Goeppert, Stephanie J. Roessler, Timothy Kendall, Matthias Evert, Ester W. Gonzalez-Sanchez, Juan Valle, Arndt Vogel, John J. Bridgewater, Mitesh J. Borad, Gregory R. Gores, Lewis Roberts, Jose J. G. B. Marin, Jesper Andersen, Domenico Alvaro, Alejandro M. Forner, Jesus Banales, Vincenzo Cardinale, Rocio I. R. Macias, Silve Vicent, Xin Chen, Chiara Braconi, Monique M. A. Verstegen, Laura Fouassier, Lewis Roberts, Alexander Scheiter, Florin M. Selaru, Katja Evert, Kirsten Utpatel, Laura Broutier, Massimiliano Cadamuro, Meritxell Huch, Robert Goldin, Sergio A. Gradilone, Yoshimasa Saito
Summary: In this Consensus Statement, experts provide recommendations on the criteria for preclinical models of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) to increase disease understanding and develop novel therapeutic approaches.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paolo Rainone, Silvia Valtorta, Chiara Villa, Sergio Todde, Massimiliano Cadamuro, Gloria Bertoli, Donatella Conconi, Marialuisa Lavitrano, Rosa Maria Moresco
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the second leading cause of death. Breast cancer cells show a metabolic shift towards increased glycolysis, making it an interesting target for metabolic drugs such as metformin. Recent studies have found that the antihypertensive drug syrosingopine, when combined with metformin, has a synergistic effect on various cancers. However, there is a need to develop in vivo biomarkers that can detect early clinical response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Elisa Conti, Denise Grana, Federica Angiulli, Aristotelis Karantzoulis, Chiara Villa, Romina Combi, Ildebrando Appollonio, Carlo Ferrarese, Lucio Tremolizzo
Summary: Neuroinflammation is a key mechanism in Alzheimer's disease, and this study found that oligomeric Aβ(1-42) can directly induce chemotaxis of peripheral monocytes. Interestingly, monocytes from Alzheimer's patients showed a stronger response compared to controls. TSPO was identified as a potential regulator of this process. These findings are important for future therapeutic interventions targeting monocyte motility in the central nervous system.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Laura G. Di Pasqua, Marta Cagna, Giuseppina Palladini, Anna C. Croce, Massimiliano Cadamuro, Luca Fabris, Stefano Perlini, Luciano Adorini, Andrea Ferrigno, Mariapia Vairetti
Summary: The effects of two FXR agonists, OCA and INT-787, on hepatic levels of various proteins in a NASH model were compared. The results showed that INT-787 is superior to OCA in controlling specific cell types and clinically relevant anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic molecular mechanisms in NASH.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Massimiliano Cadamuro, Luca Fabris, Xuchen Zhang, Mario Strazzabosco
Summary: Cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive tumor with a complex tumor microenvironment, making it highly resistant to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in immune escape and potential therapeutic interventions.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Luisa Patane, Massimiliano Cadamuro, Gabriella Massazza, Serena Pirola, Valentina Stagnati, Chiara Comerio, Marco Carnelli, Marco Arosio, Anna Paola Callegaro, Paola Tebaldi, Elena Rigoli, Andrea Gianatti, Denise Morotti
Summary: This study described a case of second-trimester twin stillbirth in a pregnant woman with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite the absence of respiratory symptoms, placental and fetal markers of infection indicated the possibility of vertical transmission. Fetal autopsy also showed the development of pneumonia. These findings suggest that asymptomatic pregnant women can transmit the virus vertically and lead to severe illness.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Leonard Depotte, Juliette Palle, Cosimo Rasola, Chloe Broudin, Vlad-Adrian Afrasanie, Antoine Mariani, Aziz Zaanan
Summary: Advanced gastric adenocarcinoma is a disease with poor prognosis. In recent years, new drugs, such as trastuzumab for HER2-positive tumors, ramucirumab alone or in combination with paclitaxel, and trifluridine-tipiracil, have improved patient survival. Other drugs, including monoclonal antibodies and targeted therapies, are also being evaluated.
CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2024)
