Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Griffin Wright, Manoj Sonavane, Natalie R. Gassman
Summary: STAT3 is identified as a novel regulator of XRCC1, with its activation through the IL-6 signaling pathway increasing the expression level of XRCC1 and impacting its role in triple negative breast cancer. The upregulation of XRCC1 is associated with the aggressiveness and chemotherapeutic resistance in cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hu Fang, Xiaoqiang Zhu, Haocheng Yang, Jieun Oh, Jayne A. Barbour, Jason W. H. Wong
Summary: This study identified a previously unknown function of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) in protecting genomes from 5-methylcytosine (5mC) deamination-induced mutations in human cancers. The mutational signatures in MMR-deficient cancers are associated with different MMR protein deficiencies, mainly due to unrepaired mismatches caused by 5mC deamination. The repair of 5mC deamination damage in cancers with biallelic loss of MBD4 DNA glycosylase is strongly linked to H3K36me3 chromatin, implicating MutS. as an essential factor.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michal Hammel, Ishtiaque Rashid, Aleksandr Sverzhinsky, Yasin Pourfarjam, Miaw-Sheue Tsai, Tom Ellenberger, John M. Pascal, In-Kwon Kim, John A. Tainer, Alan E. Tomkinson
Summary: In this study, biophysical methods were used to reveal the shape and conformational flexibility of the XRCC1-DNA ligase III alpha complex (XL), showing that XL is more compact and identifying the components of its molecular interface. The findings suggest a potential new strategy for treating cancer cells deficient in homologous recombination by targeting the XRCC1-DNA ligase III alpha complex.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Mansour Akbari, Hilde Loge Nilsen, Nicola Pietro Montaldo
Summary: Mitochondria are essential for cellular energy production and play a crucial role in organismal development and normal function. Understanding the mechanisms of mtDNA maintenance and transcription can provide insights into the pathogenesis of various diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Inga R. Grin, Daria V. Petrova, Anton V. Endutkin, Chunquan Ma, Bing Yu, Haiying Li, Dmitry O. Zharkov
Summary: Base excision DNA repair is an important pathway in safeguarding the genome of plants, and understanding their repair mechanisms is crucial for developing new crop varieties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiahui Zhu, Lexin Liu, Xiaodi Ma, Xinyu Cao, Yu Chen, Xiangping Qu, Ming Ji, Huijun Liu, Chi Liu, Xiaoqun Qin, Yang Xiang
Summary: The mortality rate of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) increases yearly due to ineffective treatment. Oxidative stress, especially DNA stimulation, plays a crucial role in pulmonary fibrosis. DNA damage is important in the initiation of IPF and DNA repair systems targeting damage are crucial for lung cell survival. However, existing research has not focused on the role of DNA damage and repair pathways in IPF.
Review
Oncology
Takayuki Saitoh, Tsukasa Oda
Summary: Multiple myeloma is an incurable plasma cell malignancy characterized by genomic instability. The tumor microenvironment and abnormal DNA repair function play a role in genetic instability in this disease. Factors in the tumor microenvironment, such as inflammation and hypoxia, significantly influence DNA repair pathways in multiple myeloma.
Review
Oncology
Elisa Taiana, Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio, Vanessa Katia Favasuli, Cecilia Bandini, Giuseppe Viglietto, Roberto Piva, Antonino Neri, Nicola Amodio
Summary: Genomic instability (GI) plays a critical role in the pathobiology of multiple myeloma (MM) by promoting the acquisition of tumor hallmarks. Non-coding RNA molecules are emerging as key players in GI pathways in MM, providing new opportunities for therapeutic interventions. The dysregulation of non-coding RNAs in MM adds another layer of complexity to understanding the molecular determinants of GI in this disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weiran Zhang, Ranwei Zhong, Xiangping Qu, Yang Xiang, Ming Ji
Summary: Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to oxidative stress by disrupting the balance between oxidation and anti-oxidation. The main product of ROS-induced base damage is 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxoG), which can cause mutations if not promptly removed during DNA replication. The OGG1-mediated oxidative damage repair pathway plays an important role in preventing dysfunction caused by oxidative stress.
Article
Microbiology
Filipe Rollo, Guilherme D. Martins, Andre G. Gouveia, Solenne Ithurbide, Pascale Servant, Celia V. Romao, Elin Moe
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of three Endonuclease III-like enzymes encoded by genes in Deinococcus radiodurans. While DrEndoIII2 is the main enzyme in this bacterium, DrEndoIII1 and 3 show unusual and undetectable activity, respectively. The knockout mutants of these genes were more resistant to oxidative stress induced by methyl viologen, indicating the crucial role of all three EndoIII homologs for cell survival. The upregulation of EndoIII homologs gene expression in response to oxidative stress may compensate for the loss of one gene.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muneera Waheed Alfarhan, Heba Al-Hussaini, Narayana Kilarkaje
Summary: Type 2 diabetes negatively affects testicular structure and function, increasing oxidative DNA damage and BER protein levels. PPAR-γ modulation has minimal impact on testicular structural changes, but affects oxidative DNA damage and BER proteins.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Polina Zhdanova, Alexander A. Ishchenko, Alexander A. Chernonosov, Dmitry O. Zharkov, Vladimir V. Koval
Summary: The study reveals the structural and dynamic features of human endonuclease VIII-like protein 2 (hNEIL2), showing its unique specificity for non-canonical DNA substrates and conformational flexibility in solution.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tania Rahim, Madison A. Levinson, Kelly E. W. Carufe, Matthew Burak, Rithy Meas, Stephen Maher, Alfred L. M. Bothwell, Naomi Gades, Joann B. Sweasy
Summary: This study found that transplantation of hematopoietic cells from POLBY265C/C mice into wild-type mice leads to the development of autoimmune disease similar to lupus.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sripriya Raja, Bennett Van Houten
Summary: SMUG1 is an important enzyme involved in base excision repair, with unique structure and mechanism that play a critical role in maintaining genome stability, and loss of its activity may promote cancer development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Martina Fiumara, Samuele Ferrari, Attya Omer-Javed, Stefano Beretta, Luisa Albano, Daniele Canarutto, Angelica Varesi, Chiara Gaddoni, Chiara Brombin, Federica Cugnata, Erika Zonari, Matteo Maria Naldini, Matteo Barcella, Bernhard Gentner, Ivan Merelli, Luigi Naldini
Summary: Base and prime editors have shown potential for precise genetic engineering, but their cellular responses and genotoxicity are not well understood. This study compared the efficiency, toxicity, and genotoxicity between base and prime editors and Cas9 in human hematopoietic cells. The findings suggest that these editors can induce harmful effects and genotoxicity, raising concerns for their clinical applications.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Souhaila Choul-Ii, Arnaud J. Legrand, Dorothee Vicogne, Vincent Villeret, Marc Aumercier
BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gianmaria Liccardi, Laura Ramos Garcia, Tencho Tenev, Alessandro Annibaldi, Arnaud J. Legrand, David Robertson, Rebecca Feltham, Holly Anderton, Maurice Darding, Nieves Peltzer, Marius Dannappel, Hannah Schunke, Luca L. Fava, Manuel D. Haschka, Timo Glatter, Alexey Nesvizhskii, Alexander Schmidt, Philip A. Harris, John Bertin, Peter J. Gough, Andreas Villunger, John Silke, Manolis Pasparakis, Katiuscia Bianchi, Pascal Meier
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Swagata Halder, Ignacio Torrecilla, Martin D. Burkhalter, Marta Popovic, John Fielden, Bruno Vaz, Judith Oehler, Domenic Pilger, Davor Lessel, Katherine Wiseman, Abhay Narayan Singh, Iolanda Vendrell, Roman Fischer, Melanie Philipp, Kristijan Ramadan
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abhay Narayan Singh, Judith Oehler, Ignacio Torrecilla, Susan Kilgas, Shudong Li, Bruno Vaz, Claire Guerillon, John Fielden, Esperanza Hernandez-Carralero, Elisa Cabrera, Iain D. C. Tullis, Mayura Meerang, Paul R. Barber, Raimundo Freire, Jason Parsons, Borivoj Vojnovic, Anne E. Kiltie, Niels Mailand, Kristijan Ramadan
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arnaud J. Legrand, Maria Konstantinou, Emily F. Goode, Pascal Meier
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John Fielden, Katherine Wiseman, Ignacio Torrecilla, Shudong Li, Samuel Hume, Shih-Chieh Chiang, Annamaria Ruggiano, Abhay Narayan Singh, Raimundo Freire, Sylvana Hassanieh, Enric Domingo, Iolanda Vendrell, Roman Fischer, Benedikt M. Kessler, Timothy S. Maughan, Sherif F. El-Khamisy, Kristijan Ramadan
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuela Lanzafame, Giulia Branca, Claudia Landi, Mingyue Qiang, Bruno Vaz, Tiziana Nardo, Debora Ferri, Manuela Mura, Sebastian Iben, Miria Stefanini, Fiorenzo A. Peverali, Luca Bini, Donata Orioli
Summary: CSA and CSB proteins play key roles in the TC-NER pathway, removing UV-induced DNA lesions, and are also involved in other cellular pathways that may explain neurodegeneration and aging features in CS. This study identified a chromatin-associated protein complex containing CS that regulates rRNA transcription, shedding light on how CSA modulates rRNA transcription. Furthermore, impairment of FECH functionality leads to reduced RNAP1 occupancy on rDNA promoter and abnormal accumulation of 18S rRNA, contributing to the understanding of CS and EPP pathologies.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samuel Hume, Claudia P. Grou, Pauline Lascaux, Vincenzo D'Angiolella, Arnaud J. Legrand, Kristijan Ramadan, Grigory L. Dianov
Summary: Efficient entry into S phase of the cell cycle is controlled by the NUCKS1-SKP2-p21/p27 axis. This pathway integrates mitogenic and DNA damage signals to regulate cell cycle progression, with potential implications in cancer development.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Annamaria Ruggiano, Bruno Vaz, Susan Kilgas, Marta Popovic, Gonzalo Rodriguez-Berriguete, Abhay N. Singh, Geoff S. Higgins, Anne E. Kiltie, Kristijan Ramadan
Summary: DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) are a specific type of DNA lesion where proteins are attached to DNA, and their repair pathways include proteolysis, homologous recombination, ubiquitylation, and SUMOylation signaling events. Sumoylation prevents harmful genomic rearrangements and directs DPC repair towards SPRTN proteolysis for genomic stability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Samuel Hume, Samuel Robert Brown, Kamal Ram Mahtani
Summary: This study provides an overview of the benefits and drawbacks of school closures and in-school mitigations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest that both school closures and in-school mitigations are associated with reduced COVID-19 transmission, morbidity, and mortality in the community. However, school closures are also linked to reduced learning, increased anxiety, and increased obesity in pupils. The review highlights the need for further research on the potential drawbacks of in-school mitigations. Overall, this study provides valuable evidence for policymakers considering school closures in future waves of COVID-19.
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuel Hume, Grigory L. Dianov, Kristijan Ramadan
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2020)