Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
T. H. Fang, N. R. Tao
Summary: We investigated the deformation mechanisms and mechanical properties of a gradient nanograined AISI 316 L stainless steel prepared by surface mechanical grinding treatment. The gradient nanograined samples displayed a good combination of high strength and notable tensile ductility at room temperature. Microstructural observations revealed that martensitic transformation and grain boundary migration together facilitated the tensile plastic deformation of nanograins in the topmost layer, which differs from the deformation twinning associated with partial dislocation in the coarse-grained counterpart under tension loading. With an increase in tensile strain, the martensite content significantly increased and reached approximately 50% at a true strain of 50%. The newly formed martensites acted as a strengthening phase and provided dynamic work hardening and suppressed strain localization, resulting in the substantial tensile ductility of the gradient nanograins.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhilin Liu, Xiaoming Yuan, Shiliang Wang, Sha Liu, Hark Hoe Tan, Chennupati Jagadish
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of GaAs nanowires under tensile stress, revealing that they deform elastically overall until sudden brittle fracture at 3.79% strain. Experimental results show fracture strength and elastic modulus of 4.0 and 109.5 GPa, respectively, which are much smaller than previous compression-based reports.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shufen Chu, Pan Liu, Yin Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Shuangxi Song, Ting Zhu, Ze Zhang, Xiaodong Han, Baode Sun, Mingwei Chen
Summary: In this study, the authors report real-time atomic-scale observations of grain boundary dislocation climb in nanostructured gold at room temperature. The climb of a dislocation is found to occur through stress-induced reconstruction of neighboring atomic columns. The proposed atomic route of dislocation climb is energetically favorable, as demonstrated by Monte Carlo simulations. The in situ observations also reveal the significance of grain boundary dislocation climb in controlling the microstructures and properties of nanostructured metals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shunke Zhang, Ning Tian, Jianghua Li, Guanghua Yang, Wenkun Yang, Guangyan Wang, Zhanqi Liu, Yongxiang Li
Summary: The high temperature performance and microstructure of a forged TiAl-Nb alloy were investigated. The alloy exhibited a brittle-ductile transition temperature between 800°C and 820°C. It had high strength in the brittle stage and the main deformation mechanisms were dislocation movement and dynamic recovery. In the ductile stage, the alloy showed good deformation ability with continuous dynamic recrystallization as the main deformation mechanism, resulting in the destruction of the lamellar structure.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Johannes Peter, Maximilian Trapp, Stefan Lauterbach, Philipp Golle-Leidreiter, Ute Kolb, Hans-Joachim Kleebe
Summary: The study focused on naturally occurring single crystals of bixbyite from the Thomas Mountain Range in Utah, U.S.A., revealing characteristic lamellar defects attributed to the presence of tetragonal manganese silicate braunite. The analysis confirmed an epitaxial intergrowth of both phases, with jacobsite inclusions observed in contact with the braunite lamellae. Additionally, the study highlighted the novel observation of exomorphosis of jacobsite, showcasing the change in habit of the spinel crystallites due to external conditions.
AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Schutz, L. Latu-Romain, F. Martin, Q. Auzoux, J. Adem, Y. Wouters, B. Ravat, D. Menut
Summary: High strength materials for hydrogen powered mobility, such as 17-4 PH grade stainless steel, are prone to hydrogen embrittlement. This study investigated the role of copper rich precipitates (Cu-pp) and reverted austenite (γrev) on mechanical behavior in presence of hydrogen. The results showed that the formation of tiny Cu-pp during ageing increased the ultimate tensile strength but reduced the hydrogen embrittlement resistance, while a high fraction of reverted austenite softened the material and trapped hydrogen strongly. The fcc (Cu-pp or γrev)/martensitic matrix interfaces played a significant role in hydrogen trapping in 17-4-PH stainless steel.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. Daghbouj, A. T. AlMotasem, J. Vesely, B. S. Li, H. S. Sen, M. Karlik, J. Lorincik, F. F. Ge, L. Zhang, V. Krsjak, O. Laguta, M. Callisti, T. Polcar
Summary: The microstructure of radiation-induced iron phases in a 6H-SiC subjected to iron and helium bombardment was investigated. The irradiation amorphized the damaged layer and created a band of helium bubbles. After annealing, the amorphous layer recrystallized into a polycrystalline 6H-SiC with changing iron distribution, forming Fe-rich clusters and small bcc-Fe precipitates at the grain boundaries. The size and distribution of the precipitates depended on the iron profile.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
K. S. Nivedhitha, R. Venkatesh, N. R. Banapurmath
Summary: Nanostructured magnesium-based metallic alloys prepared by high-energy ball milling technique show improved hydrogen storage properties. Substitution of niobium changes the structure and reduces the grain size, resulting in lower activation energy.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sheng-Xian Yi, Zhong-Jiong Yang, Huang-Xin Xie
Summary: This study investigated the deformation behavior of TC21 titanium alloy using high-temperature tensile tests. It was found that the flow stress of the material gradually decreases with an increased strain rate and increases rapidly with an increase in strain during deformation. The established Arrhenius and Radial Basis Function models accurately describe the high-temperature deformation behavior of the material.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Tao Peng, Yanli Wang, Bin Yang, Gang Yang
Summary: The tensile properties and deformation mechanisms of Nimonic 105 superalloy were studied at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 1000 degrees C. The alloy exhibited serrations in the stress-strain curves at temperatures between 300-600 degrees C, with the nature of serrations changing with temperature. The ultimate tensile strength decreased gradually up to 700 degrees C and dropped significantly at higher temperatures, while the yield strength remained stable up to 750 degrees C. Different deformation mechanisms were observed at different temperatures.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Marcos Schoeneborn, Jonas Werner, Thomas Harmening, Thomas E. Weirich
Summary: The thermostabilities of mesoporous gamma-Al2O3 samples with similar initial surface areas and average pore radii, but significantly different pore volumes, were studied. The results reveal that gamma-Al2O3 with higher pore volumes converts to alpha-Al2O3 at higher temperatures, with larger residual surface area and pore volumes after aging. The morphologies of individual particles and resulting aggregate structures were found to be the key factors affecting such observations, with particles with plate-like morphologies favoring sintering and the formation of alpha-Al2O3 at comparatively low temperatures.
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dingge Fan, Cuiju Wang, Xuanchang Zhang, Kaibo Nie, Kunkun Deng
Summary: In this study, a Mg-Zn-Y alloy (ZW31) with good plasticity was introduced into SiCp/AZ91 composite materials via the extrusion compound method, and the ZW31/PMMC laminate was prepared through hot rolling. The high temperature deformation mechanism and tensile fracture mechanism of ZW31/PMMC laminates were studied.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ehsan Shahini, Fazel Rangriz, Ali Karimi Taheri, Mojtaba Abdi-Jalebi
Summary: This study evaluates the mechanical properties of coiled carbon nanotubes (CCNTs) through multiobjective optimization, revealing highly resilient structures with two distinct deformation mechanisms. The research represents a significant advancement in the design of mechanical nanodevices based on CCNTs, showcasing the best trade-off between conflicting mechanical properties and astonishing stretchability of the optimized CCNTs.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Haoze Li, Min Li, Zhihui Cai, Lifeng Ma, Yingche Ma
Summary: By adding yttrium, the properties of Fe-6.5 wt.% Si steel were improved. The increase in yttrium content led to more high-melting precipitates, finer microstructure, and higher tensile ductility. The deformation mechanism varied at different temperatures.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kai Feng, Jiefang Wang, Shiming Hao, Jingpei Xie
Summary: The micromechanical behavior of different 6H-SiC/Al systems under uniaxial tensile loading was investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. The results demonstrated that the interface models responded differently to tensile stress depending on the Al surface used as the joint surface. Additionally, the stress-strain properties and deformation characteristics varied among the models, with different levels of plastic deformation and dislocations observed. These findings provide insights into the complexity of deformation systems and interfacial micromechanical behaviors in 6H-SiC/Al composites.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alexander D. Dupuy, Mohammed Reda Chellali, Horst Hahn, Julie M. Schoenung
Summary: The formation mechanisms of Cu-rich and Co-rich secondary phases in rocksalt-structured entropy-stabilized oxides were studied. It was found that these secondary phases do not nucleate directly, but first form precursor phases rich in Cu and Co, respectively, and then undergo structural transformations. The growth of secondary phases is controlled by cation diffusion within the primary phase.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yemao Lu, Horst Hahn, Yulia Ivanisenko
Summary: In this study, a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy with reduced Cr content and the addition of 2 at% C interstitial was processed via high-pressure torsion. The results show that C atoms segregate at the boundaries of nanograins in the sample processed at room temperature, while no notable segregations of carbon were observed in the sample processed at cryogenic temperature.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
L. Morsdorf, A. Kashiwar, C. Kuebel, C. C. Tasan
Summary: Tempering is commonly used in high strength steel microstructures to rearrange carbon atoms, but its nano-scale interaction with crystallographic defects is challenging to observe experimentally. In this study, we investigate the redistribution of carbon atoms along martensite grain boundaries in low carbon steel after quenching and tempering using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). Our findings reveal that the amount of carbon segregation to martensite grain boundaries depends on the boundary type, and the growth behavior of cementite precipitates differs at low- and high-angle grain boundaries due to crystallographic constraints. We also demonstrate the impact of carbon redistribution on the mechanical properties by comparing hardness results from boundary-containing probe volumes to nanoindentation results from pure bulk martensite volumes.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Till Ortmann, Simon Burkhardt, Janis Kevin Eckhardt, Till Fuchs, Ziming Ding, Joachim Sann, Marcus Rohnke, Qianli Ma, Frank Tietz, Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing, Christian Kuebel, Olivier Guillon, Christian Heiliger, Juergen Janek
Summary: In recent years, reversible alkali metal anodes using solid electrolytes have been explored to increase the energy density of next-generation batteries. Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 has demonstrated potential as a solid electrolyte for solid-state sodium batteries due to its high ionic conductivity and stability with sodium metal. Analysis techniques such as impedance analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy have revealed the formation of a stable interphase at the Na|Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 interface. The study provides valuable insights into the evaluation of sodium metal anode performance in solid-state batteries.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaohui Huang, Ilaria Barlocco, Alberto Villa, Christian Kuebel, Di Wang
Summary: Electron tomography was utilized to investigate the leaching and redeposition of a Pd@CMK3 catalyst during formic acid decomposition in batch and fixed bed reactors. The 3D distribution of Pd nanoparticles on CMK3 was determined by quantitative tomographic analysis, and the determined structural changes were correlated with the observed differences in activity and stability of formic acid decomposition using batch and fixed bed reactors.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohana Kante, Moritz L. Weber, Shu Ni, Iris C. G. van den Bosch, Emma van der Minne, Lisa Heymann, Lorenz J. Falling, Nicolas Gauquelin, Martina Tsvetanova, Daniel M. Cunha, Gertjan Koster, Felix Gunkel, Slavomir Nemsak, Horst Hahn, Leonardo Velasco Estrada, Christoph Baeumer
Summary: High-entropy materials show promise as high-activity catalysts for electrochemical energy storage due to their tunability and multiple potential active sites. This study examines the catalytic activity of high-entropy perovskite oxides (HEOs) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and finds that HEOs outperform their parent compounds by a factor of 17 to 680. X-ray photoemission studies suggest that simultaneous oxidation and reduction of different transition metal cations contribute to the high activity of HEOs.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
F. A. Orjuela, F. F. Vallejo, H. Hahn, J. J. Olaya, J. E. Alfonso, L. Velasco
Summary: AlCrTiN coatings were deposited on aluminum-silicon alloy substrates using RF magnetron sputtering. The coatings exhibited a hexagonal Wurtzite structure with preferential growth on the (002) direction. Increasing nitrogen flow resulted in a decrease in crystallite size. The coatings showed improved hardness, wear resistance, and fracture toughness compared to the uncoated substrate.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shabnam Taheriniya, Nuri Choi, Sangsun Yang, Reshma Sonkusare, Ji Hun Yu, Jai -Sung Lee, Harald Roesner, Martin Peterlechner, Torben Boll, Christoph Gammer, Horst Hahn, Sergiy V. Divinski, Gerhard Wilde
Summary: Additive manufacturing using selective laser melting was used to fabricate a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy. Analysis techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, nanobeam diffraction, atom probe tomography, and nanoindentation were employed to study the evolution of microstructure and nano-hardness upon annealing. A complex mechano-chemical coupling was observed, leading to segregation and phase separation at grain boundaries. The 3D-printed alloy exhibited increased and homogenized hardness due to the synergetic effects of segregation, nano-precipitation, and dislocation accumulation at high-angle grain boundaries.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohana Kante, Horst Hahn, Subramshu S. Bhattacharya, Leonardo Velasco
Summary: High entropy oxides (HEOs), a new class of materials, have attracted a lot of attention due to their interesting optical, electrochemical, magnetic, and catalytic properties. To understand the complex interactions in these materials, it is important to evaluate them in dense forms, such as pellets or thin films. In this study, dense films of fluorite structured (CeLaSmPrY)O2-x have been synthesized using sol-gel and pulsed laser deposition processes, showing different microstructural characteristics. This research provides a foundation for comprehensive studies and possible applications of dense fluorite (CeLaSmPrY)O2-x films.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sanjay C. Krishnamurthy, Mariia Arseenko, Ankush Kashiwar, Philippe Dufour, Yves Marchal, Jocelyn Delahaye, Hosni Idrissi, Thomas Pardoen, Anne Mertens, Aude Simar
Summary: The mechanical and corrosion properties of a new 5028-H116 Al-Mg-Sc alloy were studied under various cooling rates after heat treatment. It was found that the formation and distribution of β-phase precipitates under different cooling rates have a critical effect on Inter Granular Corrosion (IGC). The mechanical properties of the alloy remained unaffected, but controlled furnace cooling proved effective in reducing susceptibility to IGC after sensitization.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Antonio Gentile, Stefanie Arnold, Chiara Ferrara, Stefano Marchionna, Yushu Tang, Julia Maibach, Christian Kuebel, Volker Presser, Riccardo Ruffo
Summary: The use of composites with two-dimensional materials and conversion/alloying materials, such as SnO2, can improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries and overcome the mechanical instability issue. This study presents a 50/50 SnO2/Ti3C2Tz nanocomposite that demonstrates excellent cycling and rate performance. The synergistic behavior of the two components in the nanocomposite enables partial reversibility of the conversion reaction.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mehrdad Jalali, Matthias Mail, Rossella Aversa, Christian Kubel
Summary: This paper introduces the MSLE ontology, a new ontology for Materials Science Laboratory Equipment, which aims to unify the description and guide the appropriate use of lab equipment. It integrates the Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) and the Material Vocabulary (MatVoc) into the MSLE core and utilizes the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) to represent the hierarchical structure of equipment terms. The development of the ontology involved collaboration with domain experts and focused on materials characterization devices.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tobias Braun, Sirshendu Dinda, Guruprakash Karkera, Georgian Melinte, Thomas Diemant, Christian Kuebel, Maximilian Fichtner, Frank Pammer
Summary: The development of commercially viable fuel cells and metal-air batteries requires effective and cheap bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Multi-component Pt-Fe-Co-Ni nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) synthesized by wet chemistry route show excellent ORR activity and promising OER activity, comparable to Pt/C or RuO2. The catalyst also has outstanding long-term stability in ORR and OER, indicating the significant effect of Pt substitution by transition metal (TM) and the formation of nanoparticles on catalytic performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ziming Ding, Yushu Tang, Till Ortmann, Janis Kevin Eckhardt, Yuting Dai, Marcus Rohnke, Georgian Melinte, Christian Heiliger, Juergen Janek, Christian Kuebel
Summary: This study investigates the influence of microstructure on sodium filament growth and ion transport in sodium-based all-solid-state batteries using polycrystalline Na-beta ''-alumina as a model material. In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements are combined with crystal orientation analysis to explore the relationship between microstructure, grain boundaries, and sodium filament growth. The study also validates the in-situ TEM analysis using post-mortem secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) analysis.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Microscopy
Sangjun Kang, Di Wang, Christian Kuebel, Xiaoke Mu
Summary: Transmission electron microscopy is a valuable tool for assessing strain fields within materials. However, using thin specimens in TEM analysis can affect atomic configuration and deformation structure.