Review
Chemistry, Physical
Ling Pan, Song Ye, Xinling Xv, Peixuan Lin, Ruihao Huang, Deping Wang
Summary: This paper reviewed the recent research progress on the luminescence properties, spectral manipulation, and theoretical modeling of electronic structure and optical transition of zeolite-encaged luminescent silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) with different topology structures. Furthermore, potential applications of these zeolite-encaged luminescent Ag NCs in lighting, gas monitoring, and sensing were presented. The review concludes with a brief comment on the possible future directions in the study of zeolite-encaged luminescent Ag NCs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kenan Elibol, Clemens Mangler, David D. O'Regan, Kimmo Mustonen, Dominik Eder, Jannik C. Meyer, Jani Kotakoski, Richard G. Hobbs, Toma Susi, Bernhard C. Bayer
Summary: This research demonstrates the self-assembly of single indium atoms and few-atom indium clusters in suspended monolayer graphene membranes, anchored to substitutional silicon impurity atoms. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) revealed that the symmetry of the indium structures is dependent on the coordination of the silicon anchors. Furthermore, electron beam irradiation in STEM enables the observation of formation, restructuring, and translation of the silicon-anchored indium structures.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Norihito Hiyoshi, Takuji Ikeda, Yasuhisa Hasegawa, Koichi Sato
Summary: The study attempted to determine the metal location and estimate the site occupancy in zeolite through Cs-corrected STEM imaging of La-exchanged NaY zeolite. It was found that La atoms were located at sites I and I' with an estimated occupancy of about a fourth for both sites. The imaging also revealed that the La occupancy at site I was much larger than measured by XRD, possibly due to the highly dehydrated state of LaNaY.
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher S. Allen, Fouad Ghamouss, Ouassim Boujibar, Peter J. F. Harris
Summary: Non-graphitizing carbons (NGCs) are a class of solid carbons that cannot be converted into graphite even with high-temperature heat treatment. Despite decades of research, there is still no consensus on their atomic structure and resistance to graphitization. In this study, aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate an activated carbon, revealing the presence of pentagonal and heptagonal carbon rings. These findings support a model of NGC structure composed of curved fragments with non-hexagonal rings dispersed randomly throughout hexagonal networks.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Knut W. Urban, Juri Barthel, Lothar Houben, Chun-Lin Jia, Lei Jin, Markus Lentzen, Shao-Bo Mi, Andreas Thust, Karsten Tillmann
Summary: Transmission electron microscopy is a crucial tool for studying the structure and properties of materials at atomic resolution. It allows for high spatial resolution and enables the correlation between microstructure and macroscopic properties. With the development of aberration-corrected electron optics, it became possible to perform picometer-scale measurements and chemical analyses. This paper aims to introduce this new type of electron microscopy, discuss its implications, applications, and limitations in materials science, and provide access to relevant literature.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ronghui Hao, Wenkang Miao, Qiling Xiao, Zihan Wang, Wanyin Xu, Tianzhong Wang, Qianqian Li, Peng Wang, Anmin Nie, Hongtao Wang
Summary: This study reports the oxidation pathways of TiN with different grain sizes through careful atomic structure characterization. Nano-sized TiN single crystal undergoes a two-step phase transformation, while micron-sized TiN single crystal or polycrystals directly convert to rutile TiO2 upon oxidation. N2 nanobubbles are generated in the micron-sized TiN oxidation process, which preferentially embed inside of rutile TiO2 grain boundaries for single crystals and the oxide/nitride interface for polycrystals. The oxidation induces great volume expansion in all types of TiN, but only micron-sized single crystals are fractured and pulverized dramatically, impairing the mechanical properties.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microscopy
Simon Hettler, Raul Arenal
Summary: In this paper, the possibility of applying physical phase plates (PPs) in combination with aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy is explored. The results of calculations and experiments demonstrate the benefits of this approach, including enhanced phase contrast and the ability to simultaneously image atomic-resolution structures and morphological features.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuhiro Segawa, Kenji Yamazaki, Jun Yamasaki, Kazutoshi Gohara
Summary: A new method for measuring the 3D atomic structure of free-standing graphene ripples using TEM is proposed and experimentally validated. The specimen in the experiment was found to be moving upward, and the ripple was approximated as a composite of sinusoidal waves while measuring the time dependence of its height and lateral size.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Mingyu Wang, Kuojuei Hu, Zewen Zuo, Shengyong Hu, Siqi Lu
Summary: The study showed that the projected size of Au clusters changes when landed on different surfaces due to the limited observation direction caused by the epitaxial relationship. This emphasizes the importance of considering the observation direction in cluster studies at atomic resolution.
JOURNAL OF CLUSTER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shihao Wang, Yun Wang, Quentin M. Ramasse, Rainer Schmid-Fetzer, Zhongyun Fan
Summary: In this study, the segregation of yttrium (Y) at interfaces between native MgO particles and Mg in an Mg-0.5Y alloy was investigated using state-of-the-art aberration-corrected STEM and associated spectroscopy. Two different 2-dimensional compounds (2DCs) were discovered at the Mg/{111}MgO interface and the Mg/{100}MgO interface, including two atomic layers of a face-centered cubic Y2O3 phase and an Mg(Y)-O monolayer that perfectly matched the {100}MgO plane, respectively. The formation mechanisms of the 2DCs, their effects on the nucleation potency of MgO particles, and grain refinement were discussed.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jing-Yang Chung, Li Zhang, Govindo J. J. Syaranamual, Silvija Gradecak, Stephen J. J. Pennycook, Michel Bosman
Summary: We provide an overview of the atomic structure of extended defects in wurtzite III-nitrides, specifically focusing on GaN heterostructures applicable to optoelectronic devices and power electronics. We present experimental methods to visualize and recognize these defects using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Line, planar, and volume defects are imaged, with examples taken from InGaN multi quantum well heterostructures. The classification of defects and visualization methods established in this work will be valuable for researchers in this field.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Fang Liu, Jing-xu Zheng, Xia Chen, Xue-song Xu, Bin Chen
Summary: This research investigated the corrosion resistance enhancement mechanism of artificially aged 7075 aluminium alloy using advanced Cs-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The results showed that longer aging treatment led to better corrosion resistance due to Cu segregation at grain boundaries and precipitates on the surfaces of dispersoids.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chu-Ping Yu, Francisco Vega Ibanez, Armand Beche, Johan Verbeeck
Summary: This study presents a programmable phase plate for coherent electron waves, introducing the concept of wavefront shaping from light optics to electron optics. The phase plate demonstrates high phase sensitivity and resolution in a transmission electron microscope.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaowen Chen, Mi Peng, Xiangbin Cai, Yunlei Chen, Zhimin Jia, Yuchen Deng, Bingbao Mei, Zheng Jiang, Dequan Xiao, Xiaodong Wen, Ning Wang, Hongyang Liu, Ding Ma
Summary: By introducing atomically dispersed Sn promoters, fully exposed Pt-3 clusters were successfully fabricated on defective nanodiamond@graphene, showing higher conversion and remarkable alkene selectivity in n-butane direct dehydrogenation reaction compared to typical Pt NP and Pt SA catalysts. The study correlated dehydrogenation activity with the average coordination number of Pt-Pt bond, providing insights into the structure effects on the reaction at the atomic level.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Tao Wu, Bing Han, Jia-Xin Liu, Jiaxu Zhang, Chaozhuang Xue, Xiang Wang, Dong-Sheng Li
Summary: In this study, a novel wheel-shaped double-decker molecular ring with an external diameter of approximately 1.6 nm was synthesized. It is the first main-group metal sulfide nanoring and the largest ring in the family of inorganic metal sulfide molecular rings. Furthermore, the introduction of indium resulted in the formation of a bimetallic main-group metal chalcogenide molecular ring with enhanced photocatalytic dye degradation. This work expands the family of metal chalcogenide molecular rings and demonstrates their potential in photocatalytic applications.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Muntifering, L. Kovarik, N. D. Browning, R. C. Pond, W. B. Knowlton, P. Muellner
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Melzer, Pinghong Xu, Daniela Hartmann, Yuanyuan Zhu, Nigel D. Browning, Maricruz Sanchez-Sanchez, Johannes A. Lercher
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaoqi Sun, Victor Duffort, B. Layla Mehdi, Nigel D. Browning, Linda F. Nazar
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dong Yang, Pinghong Xu, Erjia Guan, Nigel D. Browning, Bruce C. Gates
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peng Li, Nicolaas A. Vermeulen, Christos D. Malliakas, Diego A. Gomez-Gualdron, Ashlee J. Howarth, B. Layla Mehdi, Alice Dohnalkova, Nigel D. Browning, Michael O'Keeffe, Omar K. Farha
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bryan A. Stanfill, Sarah M. Reehl, Margaret C. Johnson, Nigel D. Browning, B. Layla Mehdi, Petruta C. Caragea, Lisa M. Bramer
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Sarah Reehl, Bryan Stanfill, Margaret Johnson, Daniel Ries, Nigel D. Browning, B. Layla Mehdi, Lisa Bramer
QUALITY ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hui Gao, Qiang Zhu, Alex R. Neale, Mounib Bahri, Xue Wang, Haofan Yang, Lunjie Liu, Rob Clowes, Nigel D. Browning, Reiner Sebastian Sprick, Marc A. Little, Laurence J. Hardwick, Andrew Cooper
Summary: A general strategy was developed to improve the energy storage capability of COF-based electrodes by integrating COFs with carbon nanotubes (CNT). This synergistic structural design enabled superior electrochemical performance, with high utilization of redox-active sites, long cycling stability, and ultra-high rate capability. The rate capability of these composite materials outperformed previous reports for carbonyl-containing organic electrodes, making them competitive with electrochemical capacitors in terms of power density and rapid charge-discharge time.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hui Gao, Alex R. Neale, Qiang Zhu, Mounib Bahri, Xue Wang, Haofan Yang, Yongjie Xu, Rob Clowes, Nigel D. Browning, Marc A. Little, Laurence J. Hardwick, Andrew Cooper
Summary: This study designed a series of pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone COF and carbon nanotube composites to improve the specific capacity of COF-based electrodes. Among the composites, PT-COF50 achieved the highest capacity and demonstrated excellent rate performance. The reversible transformation of the redox-active carbonyl groups of PT-COF was determined using operando Raman microscopy.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei Zhao, Peiyao Yan, Boyu Li, Mounib Bahri, Lunjie Liu, Xiang Zhou, Rob Clowes, Nigel D. Browning, Yue Wu, John W. Ward, Andrew Cooper
Summary: A high-throughput sonochemical synthesis and testing strategy was developed to discover covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for photocatalysis. Among the screened COFs, one showed excellent photocatalytic activity for hydrogen peroxide production, but its activity decreased after long-term testing. The introduction of a two-phase catalytic system greatly enhanced its photostability.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dingyue Hu, Karl Dawson, Marco Zanella, Troy D. Manning, Luke M. Daniels, Nigel D. Browning, B. Layla Mehdi, Yaobin Xu, Houari Amari, J. Felix Shin, Michael J. Pitcher, Ruiyong Chen, Hongjun Niu, Bowen Liu, Matthew Bilton, Junyoung Kim, John B. Claridge, Matthew J. Rosseinsky
Summary: This study reports an oxygen cathode material, BSCFW-xMg, that exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance through the addition of an optimized amount of Mg to the self-assembled nanocomposite BSCFW. The Mg2+ ions concentrate at the interface of BSCFW, resulting in stressed and compositionally inhomogeneous regions. This interfacial chemistry provides an additional degree of freedom for performance optimization and promotes the durability of alkaline-earth based fuel cell materials.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Nigel D. Browning, Jony Castagna, Angus I. Kirkland, Amirafshar Moshtaghpour, Daniel Nicholls, Alex W. Robinson, Jack Wells, Yalin Zheng
Summary: Images and spectra obtained from aberration corrected STEM are widely used for quantitative analysis of nanostructures and materials/biological systems. However, achieving atomic resolution observations with these capabilities is challenging due to potential electron beam modification during image acquisition, especially for in situ observations. This paper describes a methodology of sub-sampling and Inpainting to efficiently use the dose and minimize beam effects, as well as discusses the potential of Inpainting for real-time dynamic experiments.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hongmei Chen, Adrian M. M. Gardner, Guoan Lin, Wei Zhao, Xue Wang, Mounib Bahri, Nigel D. D. Browning, Xiaoxiang Xu, Xiaobo Li
Summary: In this study, a triazine-based COF (TAPT-Bpy-COF) coordinated with cobalt as cocatalysts showed visible-light-driven photocatalytic water oxidation. Its highly ordered structures, high surface area, good wettability, and enhanced charge separation contributed to its high photocatalytic oxygen evolution activity. This work demonstrates the potential of COFs for photocatalytic oxygen evolution half-reaction and overall water splitting.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Juhan Lee, Houari Amari, Mounib Bahri, Zonghao Shen, Chao Xu, Zachary Ruff, Clare P. Grey, Ovidiu Ersen, Ainara Aguadero, Nigel D. Browning, B. Layla Mehdi
Summary: The presence of excess aluminum in nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes can have detrimental effects on battery performance due to its inactive nature in redox reactions and the insulating nature of Al2O3. The increased Al content observed after battery cycling may provide new insights into the capacity fading phenomenon in these materials.
BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dong Yang, Shengjie Zhang, Pinghong Xu, Nigel D. Browning, David A. Dixon, Bruce C. Gates
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2017)