Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
En Cai, Casey Beppler, John Eichorst, Kyle Marchuk, Scott W. Eastman, Matthew F. Krummel
Summary: This study demonstrates the randomness of receptor patch localization within the membrane and on microvillar projections prior to antigen detection, which may play a role in the generation of multiple individually composed receptor patch compositions at a single synapse.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Omid Teymournejad, Christopher P. Montgomery
Summary: Recurrent S. aureus infections are common and existing immune responses are insufficient; candidate vaccines have failed, indicating a need to understand the bacterium's interaction with the host immune system; T cells play a critical role in determining susceptibility to infection, outlining the steps necessary for a T cell-mediated immune response in this review.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Janett Gohring, Lukas Schrangl, Gerhard J. Schutz, Johannes B. Huppa
Summary: This article reviews the role of T cell microvilli and the impact of glycocalyx on T cell activation, and provides updates on the current research progress in the biophysical aspects of T cell antigen recognition.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Hongyun Zhao, Fan Luo, Jinhui Xue, Su Li, Rui-Hua Xu
Summary: Immunotherapy is crucial in cancer treatment, but challenges exist in achieving clinical benefits and response rates vary. New approaches such as small molecule drugs, bispecific antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T cell products, and cancer vaccines have shown progress in promoting anti-tumor immunity, yet face challenges ahead.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annkristin Heine, Stefan Juranek, Peter Brossart
Summary: mRNA-based therapeutics are considered as a novel and efficient class of drugs, with recent studies demonstrating their potential efficacy in treating various malignant and infectious diseases. Direct application of mRNA or electroporation into dendritic cells can induce immune responses and produce protective antibodies.
Article
Immunology
Dominika Polak, Barbara Bohle
Summary: Neutrophils, as the most abundant cells of the immune system, play a key role in combating infections and influencing the adaptive immune response by modulating CD4(+) T cell responses. However, fulfilling certain requirements is necessary for neutrophils to function as antigen-presenting cells.
IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Matteo Iannacone, Francesco Andreata, Luca G. Guidotti
Summary: HBV can cause acute or chronic liver diseases, with chronic hepatitis often leading to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Immunological events play a crucial role in the outcome of HBV infection, as the virus itself is not highly pathogenic. Current therapies rely on antiviral drugs but cannot completely eradicate the virus from the liver. A cure for chronic hepatitis B may require combining antiviral drugs with immune-stimulating approaches.
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Teresa Neuwirth, Katja Knapp, Georg Stary
Summary: APCs play a crucial role in priming and modulating T cell effector responses in various barrier tissues, with tissue-specific infections known to alter this process and lead to changes in T cell responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adham S. Bear, Tatiana Blanchard, Joseph Cesare, Michael J. Ford, Lee P. Richman, Chong Xu, Miren L. Baroja, Sarah McCuaig, Christina Costeas, Khatuna Gabunia, John Scholler, Avery D. Posey, Mark H. O'Hara, Anze Smole, Daniel J. Powell, Benjamin A. Garcia, Robert H. Vonderheide, Gerald P. Linette, Beatriz M. Carreno
Summary: Activating RAS missense mutations are common in human cancers and can be immunologically targeted. By characterizing HLA class I-restricted mKRAS epitopes, the study successfully isolated and transferred mKRAS-specific TCR to CD8(+) T cells, demonstrating cytotoxicity against mKRAS tumor cells from various origins, with lytic activity correlating with peptide-HLA class I complex abundance. Adoptive transfer of mKRAS-TCR engineered CD8(+) T cells led to tumor eradication in a xenograft model, validating mKRAS peptides as epitopes for immune therapies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Demetra S. M. Chatzileontiadou, Hannah Sloane, Andrea T. Nguyen, Stephanie Gras, Emma J. Grant
Summary: CD4(+) T cells are crucial in controlling and clearing infections as a major arm of cellular immune response. They are heterogeneous and can be divided into six main lineages with distinct profiles. Recent advances in structural biology have allowed for a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving CD4(+) T cell recognition of pathogens.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Dhruti P. Chen, Elizabeth A. McInnis, Eveline Y. Wu, Katherine G. Stember, Susan L. Hogan, Yichun Hu, Candace D. Henderson, Lauren N. Blazek, Simon Mallal, Edita Karosiene, Bjoern Peters, John Sidney, Eddie A. James, William W. Kwok, J. Charles Jennette, Dominic J. Ciavatta, Ronald J. Falk, Meghan E. Free
Summary: This study revealed an association between the risk allele HLA-DPB1*04:01 and relapse risk in PR3-ANCA, with its interaction with a specific PR3(225-239) peptide epitope triggering an immune response. Patients in long-term remission exhibited HLA and autoantigen interaction patterns comparable to healthy volunteers.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Wei Shi, Qianqian Qiu, Ziying Feng, Zhenzhen Tong, Weiwei Guo, Feng Zou, Na Yue, Wenlong Huang, Hai Qian
Summary: A novel nano-system was designed and synthesized for efficient delivery of antigenic peptides using nanoparticles as adjuvants, targeted erythrocyte membranes as carriers, and cathepsin B coupling for rapid release in dendritic cells, showing inhibitory effects on human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Annelies C. Wauters, Jari F. Scheerstra, Irma G. Vermeijlen, Roel Hammink, Marjolein Schluck, Laura Woythe, Hanglong Wu, Lorenzo Albertazzi, Carl G. Figdor, Jurjen Tel, Loai K. E. A. Abdelmohsen, Jan C. M. van Hest
Summary: This study systematically investigated the topological effects of polymersome-based aAPCs on T cell activation. The results showed that high ligand density and larger size of polymersomes enhance T cell activation. Furthermore, elongated polymersomes were found to be more effective in activating T cells compared to spherical or smaller counterparts.
Article
Oncology
Shengdong Wang, Hengyuan Li, Tao Chen, Hao Zhou, Wenkan Zhang, Nong Lin, Xiaohua Yu, Yu Lou, Binghao Li, Eloy Yinwang, Zenan Wang, Keyi Wang, Yucheng Xue, Hao Qu, Peng Lin, Hangxiang Sun, Wangsiyuan Teng, Haochen Mou, Xupeng Chai, Zhijian Cai, Zhaoming Ye
Summary: In this study, activated V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells were found to induce strong CD8(+) T cell responses in osteosarcoma cells and effectively suppress osteosarcoma growth in xenograft animal models. Mechanistically, activated gamma delta T cells exhibited increased HSP90 production, which upregulated MyD88 and activated JNK, leading to enhanced CD8(+) T cell cross-priming through increased CCL5 secretion. These findings suggest that V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells may serve as a promising alternative antigen-presenting cell (APC) for the development of gamma delta T cell-based tumor immunotherapy.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jui-Yi Chen, Sudhanshu Agrawal, Hsiu-Ping Yi, Derek Vallejo, Anshu Agrawal, Abraham P. P. Lee
Summary: Efficient T cell activation is achieved using cell-sized artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) with protein-conjugated bilayer lipid membranes. These aAPCs are highly uniform and generated using a simple microfluidic method. They can activate T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, resulting in increased IFN gamma secretion, antigen-specific CD8 T cell expansion, and CD4 T cell expansion. The study emphasizes the importance of surface fluidity and size of aAPCs in the formation of immune synapses for T cell activation. The microfluidic-generated aAPCs have the potential to investigate physiological conditions and mechanisms for T cell activation, offering a cost-effective off-the-shelf approach to immunotherapy.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nammi Park, Jubert Marquez, Trong Kha Pham, Tae Hee Ko, Jae Boum Youm, Min Kim, Seung Hak Choi, Jiyoung Moon, Jessa Flores, Kyung Soo Ko, Byoung Doo Rhee, Ippei Shimizu, Tohru Minamino, Jae Du Ha, Jong Yeon Hwang, Seung Joo Yang, Chul-Seung Park, Hyoung Kyu Kim, Jin Han
Summary: CRBN modulates cardiac function by regulating the activity of Ca(V)1.2 alpha in the heart. Therefore, targeting CRBN could be a promising strategy for treating HFrEF.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
So-Young Yoon, Eunhong Jang, Naho Ko, Minseok Kim, Su Yoon Kim, Yeojin Moon, Jeong-Seok Nam, Sunjae Lee, Youngsoo Jun
Summary: The asymmetry in cytosolic pH between mother and daughter cells is believed to be responsible for cellular aging in budding yeast. Preferential accumulation of Pma1p in mother cells, which reduces the level of cytoplasmic protons, is thought to contribute to this pH increase. However, this study found that the accumulation of Pma1p in mother cells is not the key determinant of aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Heeji Jo, Eun Jung Bae, Narasaem Lee, Jae Won Kwon, Suhan Cho, Sung Joon Kim, Jin Hee Ahn, Chul-Seung Park
Summary: The compound TTQC-1 was found to be a novel activator of the BKCa channel, which is highly expressed in bladder smooth muscle and involved in muscle relaxation. TTQC-1 increased the conductance and shifted the activation voltage of BKCa channels, and its activation effects were dependent on specific auxiliary subunits and intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Additionally, oral administration of TTQC-1 decreased urination frequency in hypertensive rats.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Hyeji Jung, Hyojeong Lee, Dongwook Kim, Eunji Cheong, Young-Min Hyun, Je-Wook Yu, Ji Won Um
Summary: This study found that mild neuroinflammation induces regionally different microglial activation, which leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines. These observations provide insight into the potential development of region-specific neuroinflammation-associated brain pathologies through microglial activation.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Uroos Akber, Sunhwa Bong, Zee -Yong Park, Chul-Seung Park
Summary: This study investigates the role of cereblon (CRBN) in regulating metabolic and antioxidant status in the neuronal tissues of mice exposed to chronic ultra-mild stress (CUMS). The study demonstrates that CRBN is involved in the stress response and reshaping metabolic status in the brains of CUMS-exposed mice.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chang Woo Park, Seungje Jeon, Seong-Hoon Kwon, Jun-Hyung Jung, Jung Eun Seol, Chul-Seung Park, Steve K. Cho, Do-Kyeong Ko
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential feasibility of utilizing a multimodal nonlinear optical system to investigate biological characteristics of dermal tissues ex vivo. By analyzing lipid and collagen profiles in cereblon knockout mouse skin, significant alterations in skin fatty acids and dermal collagen fibers were discovered, providing researchers with a new diagnostic approach for biomedical research.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyunwoo Kim, Seowhang Lee, Youngsoo Jun, Changwook Lee
Summary: This study reveals the molecular mechanism and structural basis of how MIGA2 regulates ERMCS formation and facilitates lipid trafficking at ERMCS.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Eunhong Jang, Yeojin Moon, So Young Yoon, Joyce Anne R. Diaz, Miriam Lee, Naho Ko, Jongseo Park, Soo Hyun Eom, Changwook Lee, Youngsoo Jun
Summary: This study reveals that human atlastins are sufficient to induce membrane fusion when reconstituted into liposomes with a lipid composition mimicking that of the ER, including the weaker fusogenic activity of ATL1 predominantly expressed in neuronal cells. The addition of M1-spastin, a neuron-specific factor, significantly enhances ATL1-mediated liposome fusion. ATL2-1, an autoinhibited isoform of ATL2, is unable to support liposome fusion by itself, indicating the requirement of cellular factors for ATL2-1 to mediate ER fusion in vivo.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyo-Min Kim, Byunghee Kang, Sohyun Park, Hyorim Park, Chan Johng Kim, Hyeonji Lee, Mijoung Yoo, Mi-Na Kweon, Sin-Hyeog Im, Tae Il Kim, Tae-Young Roh
Summary: Somatic stem cells and their epigenomic features are important in maintaining tissue homeostasis and regulating disease states. Dysregulation of enhancers, which control chromatin-specific gene expression, can lead to tumorigenesis. This study identifies FOXD2 as a key factor in the gene regulatory network of large intestinal stem cells and shows that its overexpression plays a significant role in colon cancer regression. FOXD2 facilitates chromatin interactions and regulates p53-responsive genes, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyejin Kim, Jihyeon Park, Hyunwoo Kim, Naho Ko, Jumi Park, Eunhong Jang, So Young Yoon, Joyce Anne R. Diaz, Changwook Lee, Youngsoo Jun
Summary: Vac8 is a yeast vacuolar protein that mediates various cellular processes by changing its binding partners, but the mechanism by which Vac8 regulates these processes is poorly understood.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Choong-Gu Lee, Kwang Hyun Cha, Gi-Cheon Kim, Sin-Hyeog Im, Ho-Keun Kwon
Summary: Probiotics, live microorganisms that confer health benefits, have potential therapeutic applications due to their ability to enhance intestinal barrier function, inhibit pathogens, increase beneficial gut microbes, and modulate immune responses. However, clinical studies have yielded conflicting results, possibly due to the variety of probiotic species and strains used, challenges in controlling live microorganism numbers, and complex interactions between bioactive substances within probiotics. Effector molecules of probiotics, such as bacterial cell wall components, play a crucial role in mediating the interaction with host receptors and activating signaling pathways. This review provides an overview of the structural and immunological features of probiotic effector molecules, primarily focusing on Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and suggests directions for future research to enhance understanding of probiotic-mediated immunomodulation.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Changhon Lee, Haena Lee, John Chulhoon Park, Sin-Hyeog Im
Summary: Mammalian intestines contain trillions of commensal microorganisms, mainly bacteria, that play a crucial role in modulating the host immune system through direct or indirect mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that certain microbial species and their immunomodulatory molecules have therapeutic potential in various disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seungwon An, Balachandar Nedumaran, Hong Koh, Dong Jin Joo, Hyungjo Lee, Chul-Seung Park, Robert A. Harris, Keong Sub Shin, Ali R. Djalilian, Yong Deuk Kim
Summary: A new study reveals that melatonin can protect the liver from the effects of fasting and diabetes on glucose metabolism through the Sestrin2-SHP signaling pathway.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Byung-Ho Jin, Jiwon Woo, Mirae Lee, Seockmo Ku, Hyung Seok Moon, Seung Jun Ryu, Young-Min Hyun, Jeong-Yoon Park, Sung Uk Kuh, Yong Eun Cho
Summary: Recent developments in tissue clearing methods allow three-dimensional analysis of biological structures, providing a greater understanding of spatial relationships. However, maintaining structural integrity and preventing tissue expansion/shrinkage in hard bone tissues remains a challenge.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Da Jeong Byun, Young Min Kim, Young-Min Hyun
Summary: Intravital imaging via two-photon microscopy is an effective tool for observing biological events in live animals. The technique allows for the visualization of cell-to-cell interactions in the brain and provides insights into the formation and function of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in inflammation. This method is valuable for studying inflammation and the resolution process.
LABORATORY ANIMAL RESEARCH
(2022)