Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Minghui Duan, Huaian Chen, Zheng Sun, Yabing Zheng, Yi Jin, Jinjin Zheng, Changan Zhu, Enhong Chen
Summary: This article presents a novel quasi-periodic phase coding method for long-depth-range 3-D measurements of moving objects. It avoids temporal and spatial limitations, and improves the measurement speed. The method achieves three-dimensional measurements by constructing quasi-periodic fringe patterns and implementing a progressive phase recovery strategy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhenshi Sun, Kun Liu, Junfeng Jiang, Tianhua Xu, Shuang Wang, Hairuo Guo, Tiegen Liu
Summary: An improved real-time positioning algorithm using maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) for long-range asymmetric fiber interferometer-based vibration sensors was proposed, which effectively removes noise, enhances endpoint detection precision, and improves time-frequency feature analysis. The algorithm demonstrated high efficiency and accuracy, with 98.2% of positioning errors within +/- 20m range at a sensing length of 82km and a mean processing time of 135ms. This proposed scheme has the potential to expand the applications of long-range vibration sensing systems.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Benjamin P. Davis, W. Dale Blair
Summary: In some practical radar systems, the standard EKF linearization approach fails to effectively handle nonlinear measurement transformations. This is particularly true when measurements are in polar coordinates and the crossrange error is much larger than the range error. In such cases, the error distribution in Cartesian space cannot be well approximated by a Gaussian distribution, resulting in the contact lens problem. This paper presents a method for modeling the measurement distributions affected by the contact lens effect using Maximum Likelihood (ML) Gaussian mixture (GM) parameters.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hua Zheng, Yaxi Yan, Yuyao Wang, Xingliang Shen, Chao Lu
Summary: In this paper, a scheme of deep learning enhanced long-range fast Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The deep learning algorithms are utilized to denoise and demodulate the volumetric data from fast BOTDA, leading to an extended sensing range of 10 km. Experimental results show that this method enables real-time vibration measurement in fast BOTDA.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Jie Liao, Lan Yang
Summary: Temperature measurement using optical barcodes from whispering-gallery sensors can be greatly improved by simultaneously monitoring different modes of optical signals. This technique overcomes limitations of existing single-mode sensors, providing high-precision and large-dynamic-range temperature measurements.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
A. Garcia-Magarino, S. Sor, R. Bardera, J. Munoz-Campillejo
Summary: This paper discusses the applicability of implementing Interferometric Laser Imaging for Droplet Sizing technique in a wind tunnel to characterize the size and distribution of droplets. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory with different object distances, droplet diameters, and new image processing methods, which generally yielded good results compared to previous approaches.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ruiqi Zheng, Erwin Chan, Xudong Wang, Xinhuan Feng, Bai-Ou Guan, Jianping Yao
Summary: A technique is presented to suppress second and third order nonlinear distortions in a long-haul microwave photonic link, achieving a high spurious free dynamic range through adjustments to operational parameters and the polarization state of the light signal. The proposed MPL demonstrates excellent performance in achieving high SFDR regardless of transmission distance.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul Campitelli, Liskin Swint-Kruse, S. Banu Ozkan
Summary: Substitutions at nonconserved protein positions can have noncanonical and long-distance effects on protein function, potentially resulting from changes in the internal protein communication network and structural flexibility. Substitutions were found to have long-range effects on flexibilities and dynamic coupling of DNA-binding positions, with the degree of flexibility change correlating with experimentally measured changes in DNA binding. This study proposes that long-range and noncanonical substitution outcomes arise from rewiring long-range communication among functionally important positions.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lisa Hecker, Wenyu Wang, Ioanna Mela, Saeed Fathi, Chetan Poudel, Giancarlo Soavi, Yan Yan Shery Huang, Clemens F. Kaminski
Summary: The study presents a method for assembling amyloid-polymer hybrid fibers using core-shell electrospinning with microconfinement. It demonstrates that microscale confinement is crucial for guiding the assembly of amyloids.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sabitoj Singh Virk, Patrick T. Underhill
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of a hard-sphere colloidal model with short-range attraction and long-range repulsion (SALR) interactions to predict the viscosity of protein solutions. The model successfully explains the viscosity changes observed in globular-shaped albumin and Y-shaped therapeutic monoclonal antibody, which previous colloidal models were unable to explain. The findings suggest that the coupling between attractions and repulsions is responsible for the experimental trends in solution viscosity as a function of pH, concentration, and ionic strength.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dongdong Chai, Hongjuan Zhang, Yan Gao, Baoquan Jin
Summary: This paper proposes a novel sequence decoding approach to solve the transient effect in amplifying Golay codes pulse sequences using Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in long-range Raman distributed temperature sensors (RDTS). The derived sequences are used to decode without distortion by maintaining good cross-correlation with the attenuated sequences. The attenuation of Golay codes is compensated without adding any hardware equipment to the RDTS system during the decoding process. The sidelobes of the time-domain correlation results can be reduced to less than 1% of the peak height. Additionally, the return-to-zero (RZ) Golay codes produced by distributed feedback (DFB) laser are transmitted to the fiber to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Finally, a maximum temperature resolution of +/- 2.5 degrees C is achieved at a 45 km-long single-mode fiber (SMF) with a spatial resolution (SR) of 5 m.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Optics
Rafael Guzman-Cabrera, Jose R. Guzman-Sepulveda
Summary: In this study, a comprehensive modal analysis of a long-range surface plasmon polariton waveguide was conducted using numerical simulations. The research found conditions where a significant phase change can be induced with minimal losses in the structure. The designed waveguide is suitable for biologically relevant situations and can be fabricated with commercial grade materials commonly available in clean room facilities.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lakshya Agarwal, Christopher M. Langlett, Shenglong Xu
Summary: In this study, the authors investigate quantum many-body teleportation, where a single qubit can be teleported through a strongly interacting quantum system using a scrambling unitary and local measurements. Unlike typical protocols, this teleportation method does not require a double copy of the system or backward time evolution. The necessary long-range entanglement is generated from rainbow scars, special eigenstates of the 2D spin-1/2 XY model. The authors outline a specific protocol for preparing the highly entangled state by evolving a product state and performing iterative measurements on only two qubits with feedback control.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yu-Han Wang, Zhu-Long Xu, Yong Wang, Ronghua Huan, Hanqing Jiang, Kuo-Chih Chuang
Summary: In this work, a spring-like sensor using optical fibers based on macro bending loss was designed, inspired by the mechanism of tendril coiling. The optical-fiber spring has good elasticity and can measure large displacement. In addition to point-wise displacement sensing, the optical-fiber spring was integrated with a Kresling origami to form a force sensor.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Guangtao Zhu, Kazuya Kishizawa, Kohei Noda, Heeyoung Lee, Kentaro Nakamura, Yosuke Mizuno
Summary: In this study, a high-speed Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry configuration with improved sampling rate was achieved by replacing the commercial microwave frequency sweeper. The researchers observed and suppressed the systematic noise generated during high-speed operation.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Geoffrey W. Grime, Oliver B. Zeldin, Mary E. Snell, Edward D. Lowe, John F. Hunt, Gaetano T. Montelione, Liang Tong, Edward H. Snell, Elspeth F. Garman
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Timothy R. Stachowski, Mary E. Snell, Edward H. Snell
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yanting Deng, Jeffrey A. McKinney, Deepu K. George, Katherine A. Niessen, Akansha Sharma, Andrea G. Markelz
Summary: THz polarimetry offers unique insight into complex phenomena by isolating structural vibrations of proteins related to biological function. Two proposed methods, SSATS and SSATM, provide rapid measurement of linear dichroism and spectral reproducibility, showing the impact of protein intramolecular vibrations on biological function.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miranda L. Lynch, Edward H. Snell, Sarah E. J. Bowman
Summary: The global COVID-19 pandemic has led to unprecedented scientific efforts, resulting in over 1000 structures of SARS-CoV-2 biomolecules being deposited in the Worldwide Protein Data Bank. This reflects the essential role of structural biology in combating the pandemic and highlights the advancements in cryoelectron microscopy.
Article
Zoology
Paul Bogdan, Gustavo Caetano-Anolles, Anna Jolles, Hyunju Kim, James Morris, Cheryl A. Murphy, Catherine Royer, Edward H. Snell, Adam Steinbrenner, Nicholas Strausfeld
Summary: Biological networks exhibit time-varying complex structures that emerge and self-organize through interactions with the environment. Understanding universal laws connecting network structure with their function can help predict and control biological system responses to perturbations.
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alex Davie, Farah Vandrevala, Sara Dampf, Yanting Deng, Deepu K. George, Eric D. Sylvester, Timothy Korter, Erik Einarsson, Jason B. Benedict, Andrea G. Markelz
Summary: THz TDS is used to measure the melting kinetics of fructose molecular crystals, indicating phonon frequency changes and melting behavior. The kinetics follow a 3D growth model, with multiple H-bonds needing to break collectively for the transition.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serdar Durdagi, Cagdas Dag, Berna Dogan, Merve Yigin, Timucin Avsar, Cengizhan Buyukdag, Ismail Erol, Fatma Betul Ertem, Seyma Calis, Gunseli Yildirim, Muge D. Orhan, Omur Guven, Busecan Aksoydan, Ebru Destan, Kader Sahin, Sabri O. Besler, Lalehan Oktay, Alaleh Shafiei, Ilayda Tolu, Esra Ayan, Busra Yuksel, Ayse B. Peksen, Oktay Gocenler, Ali D. Yucel, Ozgur Can, Serena Ozabrahamyan, Alpsu Olkan, Ece Erdemoglu, Fulya Aksit, Gokhan Tanisali, Oleksandr M. Yefanov, Anton Barty, Alexandra Tolstikova, Gihan K. Ketawala, Sabine Botha, E. Han Dao, Brandon Hayes, Mengning Liang, Matthew H. Seaberg, Mark S. Hunter, Alex Batyuk, Valerio Mariani, Zhen Su, Frederic Poitevin, Chun Hong Yoon, Christopher Kupitz, Raymond G. Sierra, Edward H. Snell, Hasan DeMirci
Summary: The text discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and research efforts to identify effective therapies. Determining the apo structures of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and conducting molecular simulations of known inhibitors provides insights for drug repurposing and design strategies against COVID-19.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Timothy R. Stachowski, Mary E. Snell, Edward H. Snell
Summary: X-ray-based techniques in structural biology can lead to radiation-induced damage, but chemical additives have been found to be effective in mitigating this damage in solution. The effectiveness of scavengers in solution is related to their affinities for solvated electrons. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can detect damage at lower doses than crystallography, providing a detailed understanding of scavenger processes.
JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
(2021)
Article
Optics
Mengyang Xu, Deepu George, Ralph Jimenez, Andrea Markelz
Summary: The study demonstrated an increase in the turn-on temperature of protein structural dynamics after irreversible photobleaching of red fluorescent proteins, suggesting a more collective motion due to an increase in internal water channels.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Surya V. S. R. K. Pulavarti, Jack B. Maguire, Shirley Yuen, Joseph S. Harrison, Jermel Griffin, Lakshmanane Premkumar, Edward A. Esposito, George Makhatadze, Angel E. Garcia, Thomas M. Weiss, Edward H. Snell, Brian Kuhlman, Thomas Szyperski
Summary: Understanding protein folding is critical for protein sciences, and the study explores the interactions between water molecules and protein internal structures to understand the importance of cold unfolding. The results reveal a complex energy landscape for cold transitions, while the heat unfolded state is a random coil. The core disintegrates cooperatively during cold unfolding, maintaining a near-native helical content.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
D. K. George, J. Y. Chen, Yunfen He, J. R. Knab, A. G. Markelz
Summary: The study found that temperature affects the dynamics of proteins differently, with higher activation energy associated with protein dynamical transition and lower activation energy associated with correlated structural motions. Ligand binding weakens the lower-energy activation process.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Andrea G. Markelz, Daniel M. Mittleman
Summary: Within the field of terahertz science and technology, the intersection of terahertz measurements and methods with biology and medicine is an active area of research. However, this field has been plagued with misleading ideas that need to be clarified. The purpose of this Perspective is to highlight and distinguish these mistaken concepts from interesting works in the marriage of terahertz with biology and medicine.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Miranda L. Lynch, M. Elizabeth Snell, Stephen A. Potter, Edward H. Snell, Sarah E. J. Bowman
Summary: Diffraction-based structural methods have contributed significantly to biomolecular structural models, playing a critical role in understanding macromolecular architecture. Despite being a primary bottleneck, the National High-Throughput Crystallization Center at Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute has made efforts to overcome crystallization obstacles through robotics-enabled high-throughput screening and advanced imaging. This paper discusses the lessons learned from over 20 years of operation, detailing experimental pipelines, instrumentation, imaging capabilities, and software for crystal scoring. It also reflects on new developments in the field and opportunities for further improvement in biomolecular crystallization.
ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Crystallography
E. H. Snell, J. R. Helliwell
Summary: Advancements in space access and technology have brought new opportunities for macromolecular crystallization, however, the harnessing of these developments to maximize the benefits of microgravity-grown crystals has been inconsistent. Despite theoretical analysis and empirical studies, the potential of crystallization in microgravity has not been fully realized.
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tod D. Romo, Alan Grossfield, Andrea G. Markelz
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2020)