Article
Virology
Amanda L. Skarlupka, Anne-Gaelle Bebin-Blackwell, Spencer F. Sumner, Ted M. Ross
Summary: The N1-I COBRA NA vaccine antigen showed cross-reactivity with various influenza viruses, providing protection and lower lung viral titers in mice challenged with different viral strains. This research suggests that the NA antigen has the potential to enhance the breadth of protection in a universal influenza vaccine formulation.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kadir Yesilbag, Eda Baldan Toker, Ozer Ates
Summary: This study investigated the presence of IDV in nasal swab samples collected from cattle with BRD between 2012 and 2021, and identified the circulation of D/Yama2019 and D/Bursa2013 (a new lineage) in Turkey. The study also highlighted the differences in nucleotide and amino acid substitutions among different lineages of IDV.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Alexandre Lampros, Cheikh Talla, Maryam Diarra, Billo Tall, Samba Sagne, Mamadou Korka Diallo, Boly Diop, Ibrahim Oumar, Ndongo Dia, Amadou Alpha Sall, Mamadou Aliou Barry, Cheikh Loucoubar
Summary: Historically low levels of seasonal influenza circulation were reported during the COVID-19 pandemic in Senegal. Influenza showed year-round circulation with two distinct peaks in the country. Unexpectedly, there was a peak in influenza circulation during May-July 2022, indicating a reciprocal circulation with SARS-CoV-2.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuzhou Wang, Joshua S. Apte, Jason D. Hill, Cesunica E. Ivey, Regan F. Patterson, Allen L. Robinson, Christopher W. Tessum, Julian D. Marshall
Summary: Air pollution levels in the United States have decreased, but racial-ethnic exposure disparities persist. Targeting specific locations for emission reductions can eliminate national exposure inequalities, while existing regulatory strategies require significant reductions. Additionally, location-specific strategies are found to be the most effective in reducing overall exposure and national inequalities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Pengyu Zhu, Yuqing Guo
Summary: The study finds consistent effects of telecommuting on trip-chaining behavior in the decade prior to the pandemic. Telecommuting significantly increases people's propensity to chain trips, raises trip chaining frequency, and encourages more complex trip chains. These impacts are especially significant on commuting days.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jeehyun Kim, Raquel Elizabeth Gomez Gomez, Kwan Hong, Sujin Yum, Jieun Jang, Byung Chul Chun
Summary: The study found that influenza activity decreased in the Southern hemisphere in 2020 due to the impact of COVID-19, but the extent and trend of the impact varied among countries.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Francesco Bonacina, Pierre-Yves Boelle, Vittoria Colizza, Olivier Lopez, Maud Thomas, Chiara Poletto
Summary: A global decline in influenza circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic was observed, but the magnitude varied across regions and time. COVID-19 incidence and pandemic preparedness were the most important predictors of the decline.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Mena, Rodrigo Tapia, Claudio Verdugo, Luis Avendano, Paulina Parra-Castro, Rafael A. Medina, Gonzalo Barriga, Victor Neira
Summary: Understanding the genetic diversity and evolutionary patterns of pre-pandemic human seasonal influenza viruses in Chile is crucial for public health decision-making. This study found that the diversity of these viruses in Chile was influenced by continuous introductions of new A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 lineages, as well as constant viral exchange between Chile and other countries. These results highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance and prevention efforts in the region.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mikel J. Ruterbusch, Brian D. Hondowicz, Kennidy K. Takehara, Kurt B. Pruner, Thomas S. Griffith, Marion Pepper
Summary: CD4(+) lung-resident memory T cells generated in response to influenza infection can be altered by subsequent exposure to allergens, leading to changes in their function and impact on disease outcomes upon reinfection.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Management
Yashoda Devi, Sabyasachi Patra, Surya Prakash Singh
Summary: This study proposes a mixed-integer linear programming model for the location-allocation of health care facility networks, aiming to ensure timely testing of test samples from various geographical locations at minimum cost.
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lisa M. Parsons, Olga Zoueva, Gabrielle Grubbs, Ewan Plant, Ewa Jankowska, Yijia Xie, Hao Song, George F. Gao, Zhiping Ye, Surender Khurana, John F. Cipollo
Summary: Recent studies have shown that group 1 influenza A viruses (IAV) containing specific hemagglutinins (HAs) are resistant to lung surfactant protein D (SP-D). However, group 2 IAV, specifically H3 viruses, have high affinity for SP-D due to the presence of high-mannose glycans. This information is important for understanding the potential pandemic risk of these strains.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jin Gao, Xing Li, Laura Klenow, Tahir Malik, Hongquan Wan, Zhiping Ye, Robert Daniels
Summary: This study compared the antigenicity of neuraminidase (NA) antigens from recent influenza vaccine strains and circulating viruses. The results showed that NAs from circulating H1N1 viruses and vaccine strains for the 2017-2021 seasons are antigenically similar but distinct from the previous H1N1 strain. Changes in N1 antigenicity were attributed to accumulated substitutions over time. NAs from circulating H3N2 viruses and the 2020-2021 vaccine strains showed similar antigenicity but varied across different seasons.
Article
Microbiology
Jingjiao Ma, Mingqing Wu, Zhaofei Wang, Denghui Yang, Silu Hou, Yuqiang Cheng, Heng'an Wang, Yaxian Yan, Jianhe Sun
Summary: The order of infection of pathogens affects clinical manifestations and mortality rates in co-infection. The group infected with Streptococcus suis first exhibited more severe clinical signs, while the mortality rate was lower in mice infected with influenza virus following bacteria.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Petra Mooij, Daniella Mortier, Aafke Aartse, Alexandre B. Murad, Ricardo Correia, Antonio Roldao, Paula M. Alves, Zahra Fagrouch, Dirk Eggink, Norbert Stockhofe, Othmar G. Engelhardt, Ernst J. Verschoor, Marit J. van Gils, Willy M. Bogers, Manuel J. T. Carrondo, Edmond J. Remarque, Gerrit Koopman
Summary: Influenza-naive cynomolgus macaques were immunized with virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying different hemagglutinin (HA) antigens from seasonal H1N1 strains. Subsequent infection with pandemic H1N1 (H1N1pdm09) resulted in increased immune response against intermediate antigenic variants but not against all H1N1 vaccine strains.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Adrien Lajot, James Wambua, Pietro Coletti, Nicolas Franco, Ruben Brondeel, Christel Faes, Niel Hens
Summary: In this study, a model-based approach was used to evaluate the prediction capability of mobility and pre-pandemic social contact patterns on social contact patterns during the pandemic. The study found that pre-pandemic social contact patterns are good indicators for estimating social contact patterns during the pandemic, but the relationship between the two changes over time. However, translating the NPIs into appropriate coefficients remains a major challenge.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan M. Read, Chris A. Green, Ewen M. Harrison, Annemarie B. Docherty, Sebastian Funk, Janet Harrison, Michelle Girvan, Hayley E. Hardwick, Lance Turtle, Jake Dunning, Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam, Peter J. M. Openshaw, J. Kenneth Baillie, Malcolm G. Semple
Article
Biology
Ellen Brooks-Pollock, Jonathan M. Read, Thomas House, Graham F. Medley, Matt J. Keeling, Leon Danon
Summary: This study estimated the importance of the infectious risk posed by gatherings of various sizes. The findings suggest that small- and medium-sized groups have a larger impact on epidemics compared to large groups.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ellen Brooks-Pollock, Jonathan M. Read, Angela R. McLean, Matt J. Keeling, Leon Danon
Summary: This article discusses the impact of reopening schools under social distancing measures on COVID-19 transmission, emphasizing the need to balance the relationship between transmission and societal openness, especially the potential increased risk of transmission when schools are reopened.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Namrata Prasad, M. Jonathan Read, Christopher Jewell, Ben Waite, A. Adrian Trenholme, Q. Sue Huang, C. Cameron Grant, E. Claire Newbern, B. Alexandra Hogan
Summary: The study found that both maternal RSV vaccine and mAb could effectively reduce RSV hospitalizations in New Zealand, with seasonal mAb showing a greater impact on disease prevention.
Letter
Cell Biology
Lunzhi Yuan, Huachen Zhu, Ming Zhou, Jian Ma, Rirong Chen, Liuqin Yu, Wenjia Chen, Wenshan Hong, Jia Wang, Yao Chen, Kun Wu, Wangheng Hou, Yali Zhang, Shengxiang Ge, Yixin Chen, Quan Yuan, Qiyi Tang, Tong Cheng, Yi Guan, Ningshao Xia
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mukhit B. Orynbayev, Alan T. Hitch, Aslan A. Kerimbayev, Raikhan K. Nissanova, Kulyaisan T. Sultankulova, Rashida A. Rystayeva, Zamira D. Omarova, Markhabat M. Kassenov, Elmira T. Tailakova, Gavin J. D. Smith, Ian H. Mendenhall
Summary: This study investigated whether camels in Kazakhstan carry the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The results showed that the infection rates were 0.54% in Bactrian camels and 0.24% in dromedaries. Although no MERS-CoV RNA was detected in swab samples, the higher seropositivity in younger camels suggests a recent introduction of the virus to Kazakhstan.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Liming Chen, Yongdong Niu, Jiating Sun, Hong Lin, Guoxi Liang, Min Xiao, Dongmei Shi, Jia Wang, Huachen Zhu, Yi Guan
Summary: NDV/HK84 showed excellent oncolytic activity against HCC with minimal impact on healthy cells, and its activity was found to be dependent on the activation of type I interferon signaling based on RNA sequencing analysis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bernardo Garcia-Carreras, Bingyi Yang, Mary K. Grabowski, Lawrence W. Sheppard, Angkana T. Huang, Henrik Salje, Hannah Eleanor Clapham, Sopon Iamsirithaworn, Pawinee Doung-Ngern, Justin Lessler, Derek A. T. Cummings
Summary: This study examines the effects of temperature and immunity dynamics on dengue patterns in Thailand. The research finds that multiannual oscillations in dengue vary in space and time and discovers periodic synchronisation events in Thailand. The study also shows that the relationship between immunity dynamics and temperature is most consistent during synchronous periods of dengue.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kirsten E. Wiens, Claire P. Smith, Elena Badillo-Goicoechea, Kyra H. Grantz, M. Kate Grabowski, Andrew S. Azman, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Justin Lessler
Summary: This study examines the changes in in-person schooling behavior and associated risks during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings reveal an increase in in-person schooling and a decrease in mitigation measures over time. In-person schooling is linked to a greater reporting of COVID-19 outcomes, even among vaccinated individuals. However, adequate mitigation measures can eliminate the excess risk associated with in-person schooling.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lena Ch'ng, Susan M. M. Tsang, Zoe A. A. Ong, Dolyce H. W. Low, Sigit Wiantoro, Ina L. L. Smith, Nancy B. B. Simmons, Yvonne C. F. Su, David J. J. Lohman, Gavin J. D. Smith, Ian H. H. Mendenhall
Summary: Bats in Indonesia were found to be infected with various coronaviruses, indicating the need for long-term surveillance of bat colonies due to the increased risk of coronavirus transmission caused by urbanization and deforestation.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Muhammad Qureshi, Brian M. Worthington, Yongmei Liu, William Y. -M Cheung, Shuo Su, Zuoyi Zheng, Lifeng Li, Tommy T. -Y Lam, Yi Guan, Huachen Zhu
Summary: We conducted a molecular epidemiological survey of astroviruses in dromedaries from Saudi Arabia and Bactrian camels from Inner Mongolia, China. Two novel Bactrian and eight dromedary camel astroviruses were characterized using a hybrid sequencing approach. The diversity of these viruses expands our knowledge of dromedary camel astroviruses, and highlights potential recombination events among the astroviruses of camelids and other host species.
Article
Parasitology
Mackenzie L. Kwak, Alan T. Hitch, Sophie A. Borthwick, Dolyce H. W. Low, Greg Markowsky, Daniel McInnes, Gavin J. D. Smith, Ryo Nakao, Ian H. Mendenhall
Summary: The Asian rodent tick (Ixodes granulatus) is prevalent in Asia and often bites humans, carrying potentially harmful pathogens. However, little is known about the tick's ecology and its interaction with its sylvatic hosts. To understand more about this important species, the tick's habitat preferences were studied in Singapore and Malaysia. The tick showed a strong association with old forest habitats and was absent from other habitats, such as young forest, scrubland, and parks/gardens. Factors such as sex and body condition index were found to be significant predictors of tick infestation risk. Understanding the ecology of this tick is crucial for effective public health efforts to prevent tick bites and minimize human-tick interaction.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily Howerton, Michael C. Runge, Tiffany L. Bogich, Rebecca K. Borchering, Hidetoshi Inamine, Justin Lessler, Luke C. Mullany, William J. M. Probert, Claire P. Smith, Shaun Truelove, Cecile Viboud, Katriona Shea
Summary: Probabilistic predictions are crucial for public health planning and decision making during infectious disease emergencies. Aggregating predictions from multiple models can improve the robustness and uncertainty estimation of the outcomes. However, selecting an appropriate aggregation method is challenging when empirical validation is not feasible. This paper summarizes the literature on aggregating probabilistic predictions, provides simulation examples of different methods, and offers a strategy for choosing an aggregation method in the absence of empirical validation. The work focuses on the linear opinion pool (LOP) and Vincent average, which make different assumptions about between-prediction uncertainty and provide an R package for implementation.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lunzhi Yuan, Huachen Zhu, Peiwen Chen, Ming Zhou, Jian Ma, Xuan Liu, Kun Wu, Rirong Chen, Qiwei Liu, Huan Yu, Lifeng Li, Jia Wang, Yali Zhang, Shengxiang Ge, Quan Yuan, Qiyi Tang, Tong Cheng, Yi Guan, Ningshao Xia
Summary: The new SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron can evade current vaccines and neutralizing antibodies, causing more severe infection and lung damage in juvenile and aged hamsters compared to adult hamsters. Juvenile hamsters have a reduced interferon response, while aged hamsters show excessive proinflammatory cytokine expression, delayed viral clearance, and aggravated lung injury. Early treatment with inhaled IFN-alpha 2b can suppress Omicron infection and lung pathogenesis in both juvenile and adult hamsters.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yalda Jafari, Mo Yin, Cherry Lim, Diane Pople, Stephanie Evans, James Stimson, Thi Mui Pham, Jonathan M. Read, Julie V. Robotham, Ben S. Cooper, Gwenan M. Knight
Summary: This systematic review aims to identify the effectiveness of infection prevention and control (IPC) interventions adopted by hospitals to limit the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Seven articles met the inclusion criteria, evaluating interventions to prevent infections in healthcare workers. However, due to heterogeneity and lack of evidence, a meta-analysis was not conducted. The results showed little to no evidence of the effectiveness of prophylaxes against SARS-CoV-2 infections. This review emphasizes the need for further studies to inform policies for the protection of vulnerable populations and healthcare workers.
INFECTION PREVENTION IN PRACTICE
(2022)