Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
In-Ho Kim, Hyo Jin Lee
Summary: Approximately 400,000 patients are diagnosed with kidney cancer annually worldwide, resulting in approximately 170,000 deaths. Clear cell RCC is the most common subtype, accounting for about 85% of metastatic RCC cases. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has shown promising results and become the standard of care for advanced clear cell RCC.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SiNi Li, JianHe Li, LiuBao Peng, YaMin Li, XiaoMin Wan
Summary: The study found that in untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma patients, nivolumab-plus-cabozantinib is the most effective treatment strategy, while sunitinib is the least costly option. Pembrolizumab-plus-axitinib, nivolumab-plus-cabozantinib, and sunitinib are considered cost-effective alternatives.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Giulia Mazzaschi, Federico Quaini, Melissa Bersanelli, Sebastiano Buti
Summary: The study found that in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), the majority (86.4%) underwent nephrectomy, and the trends of nephrectomy occurrence remained stable over the years. The evidence from randomized clinical trials and expanded access programs supports the clinical relevance of cytoreductive nephrectomy in mRCC patients receiving targeted- or immuno-therapy.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Ameish Govindarajan, Daniela V. Castro, Zeynep B. Zengin, Sabrina K. Salgia, Jalen Patel, Sumanta K. Pal
Summary: The treatment landscape of metastatic renal cell carcinoma has changed significantly over the past decade, with doublet immunotherapy and combination therapy becoming the standard of care. This article outlines the important elements and considerations in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and explores potential treatment options.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adil Ali Sayyed, Piyush Gondaliya, Irene K. Yan, James Carrington, Julia Driscoll, Anuradha Moirangthem, Tushar Patel
Summary: Cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNVs), generated by reconstituting cell membranes, are promising substitutes for extracellular vesicles (EVs) in targeted drug delivery. CDNVs have higher yields and a broader range of proteins compared to EVs, and they do not have detrimental effects on cell proliferation, DNA damage, or developmental toxicity. CDNVs can efficiently load RNA and be engineered to modify surface proteins, demonstrating potential for enhanced immunomodulation.
Review
Oncology
Francisco Zambrana, Lucia Carril-Ajuria, Alfonso Gomez de Liano, Nieves Martinez Chanza, Ray Manneh, Daniel Castellano, Guillermo de Velasco
Summary: The use of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in mRCC has led to better survival outcomes and higher rates of complete responses, but also presents challenges in defining durable responses, optimal treatment duration, and the value of complete responses. Questions remain regarding whether complete responses can be considered as a cure and if immunotherapy discontinuation should be considered after achieving a complete response.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Carla Climent, Sandra Soriano, Teresa Bonfill, Natalia Lopez, Marta Rodriguez, Marina Sierra, Pablo Andreu, Monica Fragio, Mireia Busquets, Alicia Carrasco, Ona Cano, Miguel-Angel Segui, Enrique Gallardo
Summary: The category of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) includes diverse entities with different clinical, histological, and molecular characteristics. Traditional treatments for advanced clear cell RCC (ccRCC) show poorer outcomes in nccRCC patients, highlighting the need for more effective therapies. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has shown survival benefits in various cancers, including ccRCC, but clinical trials have not specifically studied nccRCC populations. This article reviews available trial data to identify clinical and molecular profiles that may benefit from immunotherapy approaches.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yuli Jian, Kangkang Yang, Xiaoxin Sun, Jun Zhao, Kai Huang, Abdullah Aldanakh, Zhongyang Xu, Haotian Wu, Qiwei Xu, Lin Zhang, Chunyan Xu, Deyong Yang, Shujing Wang
Summary: Renal cell carcinoma is a highly heterogeneous cancer group, with immune evasion being a hot topic in current research. Immunotherapy is considered the best treatment option for patients with metastatic or advanced renal cell carcinoma, and combination immunotherapy shows promising prospects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Surgery
Bo Chen, Jinze Li, Yin Huang, Bo Tang, Jinjiang Jiang, Zeyu Chen, Jin Li, Puze Wang, Dehong Cao, Liangren Liu, Qiang Wei
Summary: The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remains controversial. This study analyzed the benefits of CN in terms of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with mRCC. The results showed that CN was associated with better survival outcomes compared to no CN.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Gianluca Ferini, Paolo Palmisciano, Stefano Forte, Anna Viola, Emanuele Martorana, Silvana Parisi, Vito Valenti, Corrado Fichera, Giuseppe Emmanuele Umana, Stefano Pergolizzi
Summary: This review summarizes the use of radiotherapy in operable and inoperable locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and metastatic cSCC, aiming to define its current and future role.
Article
Cell Biology
Chen Xu, Yang Li, Wei Su, Zhenfan Wang, Zheng Ma, Lei Zhou, Yongqiang Zhou, Jianchun Chen, Minjun Jiang, Ming Liu
Summary: This study aimed to classify and define the immune subtypes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) to identify potential immunotherapy-responsive subtypes. Significant differences in immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, and antigens were observed between ccRCC and para-cancerous tissues. Based on immune components, ccRCC patients were divided into three immune subtypes, each with different clinical and molecular characteristics. Further analysis revealed variations in immune checkpoint expression among the subtypes, with abnormal up-regulation in one subtype (IS3). Pathway enrichment analysis identified abnormal enrichment of specific signaling pathways in each subtype. A specific antigen of ccRCC (SCG2) was associated with poor prognosis and correlated significantly with immune cells and immune checkpoints. These findings provide new insights into the tumor biology and clinical management of ccRCC.
Article
Oncology
Hanzhi Dong, Yuan Cao, Yan Jian, Jun Lei, Weimin Zhou, Xiaoling Yu, Xiquan Zhang, Zhiqiang Peng, Zhe Sun
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of nephrectomy on survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who received immune-targeted therapy. The results showed that patients who underwent nephrectomy achieved survival benefits, and nephrectomy, clear cell carcinoma, and oligo-organ metastasis were found to be favorable independent prognostic factors.
Article
Oncology
Axiu Zheng, Jianrong Bai, Yanping Ha, Yaping Yu, Yonghao Fan, Meihua Liang, Yanda Lu, Zhihua Shen, Botao Luo, Wei Jie
Summary: The downregulation of STON1 expression in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is associated with tumor progression and poor survival. It may serve as a favorable indicator for immunotherapy response but an adverse indicator for targeted therapeutics in KIRC.
Review
Oncology
Jole Ventriglia, Anna Passarelli, Carmela Pisano, Sabrina Chiara Cecere, Sabrina Rossetti, Florinda Feroce, Miriam Forte, Chiara Casartelli, Rosa Tambaro, Sandro Pignata, Fabio Perversi, Marilena Di Napoli
Summary: Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) accounts for 15-30% of renal tumors and is excluded from immunotherapy trials due to its rarity and worse prognosis. Reviewed data from various sources suggest that papillary and unclassified subtypes show good response rates to immunotherapy, while chromophobe cancers have null response rates. Sarcomatoid features predict good response to immunotherapy regardless of histology. However, data for other nccRCC subtypes are inconclusive. It is important to involve more nccRCC patients in clinical trials and report response rates and biomarker expression rates by subtypes to define the standard of treatment.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Tony Zibo Zhuang, Katherine Case, Timothy Anders Olsen, Jacqueline T. Brown, Bradley C. Carthon, Omer Kucuk, Jamie Goldman, Wayne Harris, Mehmet Asim Bilen, Bassel Nazha
Summary: Renal cancer is a common malignancy and immunotherapy has become a first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. However, some patients still experience cancer progression during immunotherapy. This review summarizes the latest data on first-line treatments and ongoing clinical trials in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinomas and explores the developing treatment landscape.
