Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiun Oh, Yong-Suk Choi
Summary: This work utilizes sequence-to-sequence models pre-trained on monolingual corpora for machine translation. By combining source and target language models and adding an intermediate layer, it significantly improves translation performance. The study also analyzes the importance of various components in the pre-trained models and their performance changes with the size of bitext.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexis Arnaudon, Maria Reva, Mickael Zbili, Henry Markram, Werner Van Geit, Lida Kanari
Summary: This study focuses on the variability of multi-compartmental morphologies in detailed biophysical models of neurons. A Markov chain Monte Carlo method is used to generate populations of electrical models that reproduce the variability of experimental recordings. It is found that morphological variability alone is insufficient to reproduce electrical variability.
Article
Mathematics
Rabab Hafeez, Muhammad Waqas Anwar, Muhammad Hasan Jamal, Tayyaba Fatima, Julio Cesar Martinez Espinosa, Luis Alonso Dzul Lopez, Ernesto Bautista Thompson, Imran Ashraf
Summary: Machine translation is a rapidly developing research area in natural language processing that bridges the linguistic gap to enhance human communication. The importance of normalization and morphological analyses in information retrieval for machine translation is highlighted, particularly for resource-scarce languages like Urdu. This paper introduces a lemmatization algorithm based on recurrent neural network models for Urdu, which outperforms existing models.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yige Li, Yangnan Hu, Hao Wei, Wei Cao, Yanru Qi, Shan Zhou, Panpan Zhang, Huawei Li, Geng-Lin Li, Renjie Chai
Summary: In this study, the effects of Ti3C2Tx MXene on the morphological and electrophysiological properties of neural stem cell (NSC)-derived neurons were investigated. The results showed that Ti3C2Tx MXene promotes NSCs differentiation and neurite growth, enhances synaptic transmission between mature neurons.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ieva Vebraite, Moshe David-Pur, David Rand, Eric Daniel Glowacki, Yael Hanein
Summary: This study introduced a novel fabrication process for soft electrode arrays to record and stimulate neural activity in intact retinas. The development of high capacitance electrodes on a soft substrate was demonstrated, along with ex vivo electrical recording of retina activity using carbon electrodes. Additionally, simultaneous photo-electrical stimulation and electrical recording was achieved with the addition of organic photo-capacitors. Results showed successful electrical activity recordings from intact chick retinas, enabling analysis of photosensitive retinal ganglion cell responses and spontaneous retina waves.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Fernando Rodriguez, Shenghong He, Huiling Tan
Summary: This article explores different algorithmic approaches for processing and decoding neural oscillatory signals in real time. The study suggests that end-to-end deep learning-based methods may be more effective than feature-based approaches in extracting all available information from the neural waveforms.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jihyeon Roh, Sungjin Park, Bo-Kyeong Kim, Sang-Hoon Oh, Soo-Young Lee
Summary: This paper introduces a sense-aware framework to process multi-sense word information without relying on annotated data. The framework includes context representation stage, sense-labeling stage, and multi-sense LM learning stage.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Zhengyang Qi, Wenbo Luo
Summary: In this study, neural responses to holistic processing of Chinese characters were examined using the composite paradigm. The results showed that congruent trials elicited larger N170 amplitudes compared to incongruent trials, indicating a strategy of holistic processing in Chinese character recognition. Additionally, right-lateralization of processing Chinese characters was observed in the N170 amplitudes and delta-theta band oscillations, suggesting that neural indicators may provide a better signal of the strength of holistic processing in Chinese characters than behavioral indicators.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Na Liu, Jessica J. Zakrzewski, Carol A. Mathews, Andreas Keil
Summary: Individuals with hoarding disorder (HD) show altered visuocortical reactivity in visual processing, with differences in amplitude observed in specific temporal regions corresponding to N1, P1/N2, and late negative slow wave (LNSW). This suggests that visual dysfunction in HD may be related to abnormalities in middle and later, rather than early, processing in the occipitotemporal visual cortex.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nancy B. Lundin, Linnea Sepe-Forrest, Jessica R. Gilbert, Frederick W. Carver, Maura L. Furey, Carlos A. Zarate, Allison C. Nugent
Summary: The study revealed that ketamine has effects on early visual responses to emotional stimuli in individuals with MDD and healthy volunteers, indicating its rapid reduction of depressive symptoms in MDD patients. Specifically, differences in accuracy and reaction time to facial emotional stimuli were observed between MDD patients and healthy volunteers, which were less pronounced after ketamine administration.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Fariz Ikhwantri, Jan Wira Gotama Putra, Hiroaki Yamada, Takenobu Tokunaga
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the relationship between different interpretation methods and human eye-movement behavior in various tasks and architectures. The study compares machine behavior with human behavior, aiming to improve machine performance by minimizing the differences. Examining sentiment analysis, relation classification, and question answering tasks, the research analyzes four interpretation methods and three architectures using eye-gaze annotated datasets. The findings indicate variable effects of saliency conformity on model performance, suggesting considerations when utilizing eye-gaze information for training models.
INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Panting Liu, Huiqin Zhu, Mingxia Chen, Qin Hong, Xia Chi
Summary: This research aimed to provide evidence for early identification and intervention of children at risk for auditory processing disorder. Through systematic review of electrophysiological studies, it was found that auditory electrophysiological testing can be used for characteristic identification of children with suspected APD, but the value of different methods needs further study.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Muhammad Ali Shoaib, Khin Wee Lai, Joon Huang Chuah, Yan Chai Hum, Raza Ali, Samiappan Dhanalakshmi, Huanhuan Wang, Xiang Wu
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death across all age groups. Accurate segmentation of the left ventricle is crucial for understanding the normal anatomy of the heart and identifying abnormal or diseased structures. Automated left ventricle segmentation is therefore a pressing need in medical practice.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Konstantin Ushenin, Vitaly Kalinin, Sukaynat Gitinova, Oleg Sopov, Olga Solovyova
Summary: This study evaluated the accuracy of personalized numerical simulations of the electrical activity in human ventricles by comparing simulated ECGs with real patients' ECGs and analyzing the sensitivity of the model output to variations in the model parameters. Results showed a wide variation in the correlation between simulated and real ECGs among different cases, and specific parameter variations had regional patterns on the cardiac and body surfaces. These findings are important for further development of personalized cardiac models.
Article
Neurosciences
Girija Kadlaskar, Sophia Bergmann, Rebecca McNally Keehn, Amanda Seidl, Brandon Keehn
Summary: This study found differences in early perceptual processing of auditory stimuli in children with ASD, while no differences were observed in tactile stimuli. However, there were no differences in response to tactile and auditory stimuli in later attentional components between ASD and TD groups. These results suggest that differences in auditory responsivity patterns in children with ASD may be related to perceptual factors.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
