Article
Urology & Nephrology
Janina Mueller-Deile, Nina Sopel, Alexandra Ohs, Victoria Rose, Marwin Groener, Christoph Wrede, Jan Hegermann, Christoph Daniel, Kerstin Amann, Gunther Zahner, Mario Schiffer
Summary: This study demonstrates that miR-192-5p and miR-378a-3p are upregulated in the glomeruli of iMGN patients, while NPNT is reduced. Using zebrafish and mouse models, it was shown that overexpression of miR-192-5p and knockdown of npnt induced edema, proteinuria, and podocyte damage. GEC downregulates podocyte NPNT via exosomes containing miR-192-5p.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Elrade Rofaani, Yong He, Juan Peng, Yong Chen
Summary: This study developed a method to overcome the lack of in vivo-like basement membrane (BM) for in vitro modeling by culturing primordial lung progenitors (PLPs) on an artificial basement membrane (ABM) composed of collagen IV and laminin. The forces generated by the growing epithelial monolayer on the ABM led to geometry-dependent folding and enhanced expression of surfactant protein C and aquaporin 5 compared with a nanofiber-covered substrate. This work emphasizes the importance of recapitulating natural BM for advanced epithelial modeling.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guzel Burganova, Claire Bridges, Peter Thorn, Limor Landsman
Summary: Insulin-producing beta-cells are the majority in pancreatic islets and their dysfunction is a key factor in the loss of glucose regulation in type 2 diabetes. The close interaction between beta-cells and the intra-islet microvasculature, which includes endothelial cells and pericytes, plays a crucial role in regulating beta-cell functions. The vascular cells directly regulate beta-cell activity through the secretion of growth factors and other molecules, promoting insulin gene expression, insulin secretion, and beta-cell proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Matthia A. Karreman, Alexander T. Bauer, Gergely Solecki, Anna S. Berghoff, Chante D. Mayer, Katharina Frey, Nils Hebach, Manuel J. Feinauer, Nicole L. Schieber, Cedric Tehranian, Luc Mercier, Mahak Singhal, Varun Venkataramani, Marc C. Schubert, Daniel Hinze, Michael Hoelzel, Iris Helfrich, Dirk Schadendorf, Stefan W. Schneider, Dana Westphal, Hellmut G. Augustin, Jacky G. Goetz, Yannick Schwab, Wolfang Wick, Frank Winkler
Summary: Crossing the blood-brain barrier is a crucial step in brain metastasis, and the mechanisms of cancer cell extravasation from brain microcapillaries are not well understood. This study shows that dynamic changes in activated brain microcapillaries promote the initial steps of brain colonization. The inhibition of MMP2/9 and genetic perturbation of MMP9 in cancer cells reduce extravasation and brain metastasis outgrowth. This suggests that the interaction between cancer cells and endothelial cells plays a role in the process of cancer cell extravasation and brain metastasis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Knuplez, Eva Maria Sturm, Gunther Marsche
Summary: This study explores the important role of eosinophils in allergic inflammation through the production of lipid mediators, as well as their regulatory function in local immunity and repair. Targeting the complex network of lipid mediators offers a unique opportunity to modulate eosinophil activity without compromising other leukocytes and tissue-resident eosinophils.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Haixia Yang, Eva Rothenberger, Tong Zhao, Wendong Fan, Abigail Kelly, Ahmed Attaya, Daidi Fan, Dipak Panigrahy, Jianjun Deng
Summary: Cancer, a major global disease burden, is influenced by inflammation. Eicosanoids, derived from dietary fatty acids like arachidonic acid (AA), are involved in inflammation-related cancers. This research summarizes dietary sources of AA, eicosanoid biosynthesis, their bioactivities, potential molecular mechanisms, and current challenges in studying eicosanoids in relation to inflammation-related cancer.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sawssen Ben Fraj, Sina Naserian, Bileyle Lorenzini, Sylvie Goulinet, Philippe Mauduit, Georges Uzan, Houda Haouas
Summary: Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a pivotal role in angiogenesis-related diseases. However, their clinical use is limited due to storage conditions and immune rejection. EPC-derived extracellular vesicles (EPC-EVs) may be an alternative, as they enhance EPC regenerative functions without altering their endothelial identity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Pinaki Chaudhuri, Priya Putta, Michael A. Rosenbaum, Linda M. Graham
Summary: Endothelial cell migration is crucial for repairing monolayer disruption after angioplasties, but it is inhibited by lipid oxidation products like lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC). LysoPC activates phospholipase A2 to release arachidonic acid (ArA), which then activates arachidonic acid-regulated calcium (ARC) channels formed by STIM1, Orai1, and Orai3 proteins.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Raimund Dietze, Mohamad K. Hammoud, Maria Gomez-Serrano, Annika Unger, Tim Bieringer, Florian Finkernagel, Anna M. Sokol, Andrea Nist, Thorsten Stiewe, Silke Reinartz, Viviane Ponath, Christian Preusser, Elke Pogge von Strandmann, Sabine Mueller-Bruesselbach, Johannes Graumann, Rolf Mueller
Summary: The study reveals a potential link between arachidonic acid (AA) and macrophage functions in the ovarian cancer microenvironment. The signaling pathways triggered by non-metabolized AA involve the ASK1 - p38 delta/alpha axis, leading to impaired actin filament organization, inhibition of macropinocytosis, and enhanced release of exosome-like vesicles. The enzyme PLA2G2A is identified as a potential prognostic tool and therapeutic target in interfering with OC progression.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hui Liu, Xiuming Li, Jinbo Xie, Chengcheng Lv, Fangchao Lian, Shouyi Zhang, Yu Duan, Yu Zeng, Xianglan Piao
Summary: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a highly lethal urological malignancy, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype. This study investigated the potential inhibitory effects and mechanisms of action of gypenosides in ccRCC. The results showed that gypenoside L (Gyp L) and gypenoside LI (Gyp LI) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in ccRCC cells. The underlying mechanism involved the regulation of COX2, cPLA2, CYP1A1, and several signaling pathways. Gyp L, Gyp LI, and total gypenosides extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum exhibited anti-tumor activity in vivo.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nathaniel C. Gilbert, Marcia E. Newcomer, Oliver Werz
Summary: Arachidonic acid (AA) serves as the precursor for leukotrienes (LT), potent mediators of the inflammatory response. The discovery of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) as a key enzyme in LT synthesis and recent structures of GPCRs recognizing 5-LOX metabolites offer promising drug target alternatives. The involvement of 5-LOX in both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory lipid mediator biosynthesis complicates the search for therapeutic leads, while allosteric 5-LOX inhibitors promoting resolution of inflammation add a new dimension to potential treatments.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Leonardo Terranova, Patrizia Rise, Andrea Gramegna, Christian Pinna, Carlo Agostoni, Marie-Louise Syren, Stefano Turolo, Paola Marchisio, Francesco Amati, Stefano Aliberti, Angelo Sala, Francesco Blasi
Summary: The study found that pro-inflammatory mediators derived from arachidonic acid metabolism in sputum of bronchiectasis patients were positively associated with neutrophil elastase, Pseudomonas aeruginosa identifications, and radiological gravity index. On the other hand, pro-resolution mediators derived from docosahexaenoic acid were associated with better health status, showing an inverse correlation with radiological gravity index, bacterial infections, and sputum volume production.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Veronique Van de Bor, Vincent Loreau, Marilyne Malbouyres, Delphine Cerezo, Audrey Placenti, Florence Ruggiero, Stephane Noselli
Summary: Basement membranes (BM) are essential for organ morphogenesis and function, with Collagen type IV (ColIV) playing a key role in the assembly and integrity of the BM in Drosophila ovarian stalk morphogenesis. The dynamic assembly of ColIV in the stalk is crucial for maintaining ovarian integrity and preventing follicle fusion, highlighting the importance of BM in controlling tissue morphogenesis and integrity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Berndt, Gilles Carpentier, Antoine Turzi, Frederic Borlat, Muriel Cuendet, Ali Modarressi
Summary: Platelet-derived preparations such as PRP and PRP-HA show effective modulation in promoting therapeutic angiogenesis in vitro, suggesting their potential as biological therapeutic tools for tissue repair and regenerative processes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jinfeng Zeng, Michiya Matsusaki
Summary: The roughness of A-BMs increases gradually with the increase of nanofilm thickness, leading to the inhibition of EC adhesion, spreading, and proliferation. Increasing seeding cell number and expanding culture time can compensate for the interendothelial junctions and barrier effect of confluent EC monolayers on thicker A-BM surfaces.
ANALYTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)