Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giuseppe Giuffrida, Valeria D'Argenio, Francesco Ferrau, Vito Alessandro Lasorsa, Francesca Polito, Federica Aliquo, Marta Ragonese, Oana Ruxandra Cotta, Ylenia Alessi, Rosaria Oteri, Federica Di Maggio, Alessio Asmundo, Petronilla Daniela Romeo, Federica Spagnolo, Lucio Pastore, Filippo Flavio Angileri, Mario Capasso, Salvatore Cannavo, M'Hammed Aguennouz
Summary: The study found that there are complex epigenetic modifications, mainly methylation and miRNA activity, in pituitary adenomas. Nonfunctioning tumors (NFPAs) showed higher methylation levels compared to GH-omas, with 178 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) mainly located in noncoding and intronic sequences. Additionally, the study identified three hypermethylated genes involved in tumorigenesis processes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiun-Lin Yan, Mao-Yu Chen, Yao-Liang Chen, Chi-Cheng Chuang, Peng-Wei Hsu, Kuo-Chen Wei, Chen-Nen Chang
Summary: This study evaluated the outcomes of the endoscopic transsphenoidal approach as the primary treatment for somatotroph adenomas and investigated patients with suboptimal surgical results. Factors such as tumor size, preoperative GH level, and residual tumors were found to be associated with surgical failure. Octreotide showed good outcomes for treating DGSA patients, while SRS/EXRT generated good results for patients receiving secondary treatments when remission could not be reached after 6 months of TSA operation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Francesca Pecori Giraldi, Maria Francesca Cassarino, Antonella Sesta, Giovanni Lasio, Marco Losa
Summary: The study investigates the effect of silibinin on human corticotroph adenomas. It is found that silibinin can inhibit ACTH synthesis and secretion in individual adenomas and directly affects NR3C1 gene expression. These results reveal promising effects of silibinin as an innovative target treatment for patients with Cushing's disease.
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lijun Heng, Xiaoyan Liu, Dong Jia, Wei Guo, Shuo Zhang, Guodong Gao, Li Gong, Yan Qu
Summary: This study aimed to establish a preoperative prediction method for distinguishing sparsely granulated (SG) growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma in acromegaly patients. The study found that SG tumors tend to occur in younger patients with larger diameters and volumes, higher Knosp grades, lower GH indexes, and lower incremental GH% after octreotide treatment.Combining tumor size, Knosp grade, GH index, and GH% increment after octreotide treatment, a grading scale with an AUC of 0.84 was established for predicting SG GH-secreting pituitary adenomas.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yin Zhang, Lei Zhang, Kexia Fan, Yajun Gou, Zhenle Zang, Xiao Ding, Hui Yang, Song Li
Summary: The invasiveness and high proliferation rate of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas (GHPAs) are associated with abnormal mitochondrial dynamics. In this study, it was found that invasive GHPA samples had decreased numbers, volumes, and membrane areas of mitochondria compared to noninvasive samples. Downregulation of Drp1 protein may contribute to this abnormal mitochondrial dynamics, leading to enhanced invasion and proliferation of tumor cells. Mitochondrial hypofission might activate the STAT3 pathway to regulate tumor cell functions.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meliha Melin Uygur, Stefano Frara, Luigi di Filippo, Andrea Giustina
Summary: Pituitary hormones play a role in regulating bone health, and high levels can lead to bone remodeling and changes in bone microstructure. Vertebral fractures are an early sign of impaired bone health in pituitary adenoma patients, but they cannot be accurately predicted by bone mineral density. A morphometric approach is considered the gold standard in evaluating bone health, and new tools have been proposed for predicting fractures in pituitary-driven osteopathies. This review focuses on potential biomarkers and diagnostic methods for bone fragility in acromegaly, prolactinomas, and Cushing's disease, including their pathophysiological, clinical, radiological, and therapeutic implications.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kihwan Hwang, Yong Hwy Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Jung Hyun Lee, Hee Kyung Yang, Jeong-Min Hwang, Chae-Yong Kim, Jung Ho Han
Summary: The study on the natural history of asymptomatic nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) with optic nerve compression showed that close follow-up and timely surgical intervention can effectively prevent visual and endocrine issues for cases with optic nerve compression, and conservative management is also acceptable for these tumors. Careful follow-up is necessary for tumors with cavernous sinus invasion.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lisa Caulley, Eline Krijkamp, Mary-Anne Doyle, Kednapa Thavorn, Fahad Alkherayf, Nick Sahlollbey, Selina X. Dong, Jason Quinn, Stephanie Johnson-Obaseki, David Schramm, Shaun J. Kilty, Myriam G. M. Hunink
Summary: This study compared the cost-effectiveness of preoperative octreotide therapy followed by surgery versus direct surgery for patients with growth-hormone secreting pituitary adenomas. The results showed that direct surgery had lower costs and greater health effects compared to the preoperative octreotide strategy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
H. Yin, X. Zheng, X. Tang, Z. Zang, B. Li, S. He, R. Shen, H. Yang, S. Li
Summary: This study evaluated the transcriptional changes in growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas (GH-PAs) and identified differentially expressed genes associated with invasive GH-PAs. Functional enrichment analysis revealed suppressed pathways related to epithelial cell differentiation and development, while other pathways showed an active trend in invasive GH-PAs. The study also identified specific genes and chromosomal regions linked to the invasiveness of GH-PAs, providing new insights for understanding the underlying mechanisms of these tumors.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Farzad Izak Shirian, Mohammad Ghorbani, Mohammad E. Khamseh, Mehrnaz Imani, Mahshid Panahi, Alimohammad Alimohammadi, Mitra Nourbakhsh, Vahid Salimi, Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki
Summary: This study investigated the expression pattern of SOX9 in GH-secreting pituitary adenomas at both gene and protein levels. The over-expression of SOX9 in tumor tissues was associated with higher tumor incidence and was valuable in predicting tumor size and invasive features in patients. These findings suggest a possible role of SOX9 as a mediator in pituitary adenoma formation and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying pituitary adenoma pathogenesis.
BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Akira Taguchi, Yasuyuki Kinoshita, Fumiyuki Yamasaki, Kazunori Arita, Atsushi Tominaga
Summary: The study investigated the clinical characteristics, perioperative findings, and thyroid hormone dynamics of Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSPA) and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) groups. Results showed that while NFPA group demonstrated temporary decrease and improvement in serum TSH/FT3/FT4 levels postoperatively, TSPA group had marked decrease in serum TSH level on day 1 postoperatively but improved by day 7, with FT3 level also decreased but remaining within normal range, and FT4 level gradually decreasing until day 21 postoperatively but recovering within normal range 3 months postoperatively.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bahadir Koylu, Busra Firlatan, Suleyman Nahit Sendur, Seda Hanife Oguz, Selcuk Dagdelen, Tomris Erbas
Summary: The characteristics and treatment outcomes of giant GH-secreting pituitary adenomas differ from non-giant macroadenomas. Patients with giant adenomas have higher numbers of surgeries and treatment modalities, as well as lower hormonal remission rates.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dorothee Caecilia Spille, Elena Vorona, Michael P. Catalino, Gilles Reuter, Albert Beckers, Markus Holling, Arianna Fava, Walter Stummer, Edward R. Laws, Eric Suero-Molina
Summary: This article provides a systematic review on the vascular anomalies in acromegalic patients. The results show an association between acromegaly and endothelial dysfunction, which increases cardiovascular risk factors and vascular anomalies. Preoperative vascular imaging should be implemented to identify patients at risk and estimate surgical morbidity. However, further studies are needed to establish evidence-based recommendations in this area.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Zhang, J. Chen, S. Yao, F. Akter, Z. Wang, B. Hu, D. Zhu, C. Duan, W. Chen, Y. Zhu, H. Wang, Z. Mao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate predictive factors of postoperative remission for lower Knosp GH-PAs. The results showed that early postoperative GH levels and tumor maximum diameter were independent factors predicting remission. Adjuvant treatments may not be necessary for patients without residual tumor or recurrence and whose GH levels are slightly elevated within 1 year after surgery.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Seung Woo Hong, Se Hoon Kim, Seung Hoon Lim, Eun Jig Lee, Sun Ho Kim, Cheol Ryong Ku, Eui Hyun Kim
Summary: The study evaluated the clinical relevance of the new cell lineage-based classification system for pituitary adenomas proposed by WHO, finding that it mostly matched with the traditional classification but discrepancies between TF and pituitary hormone stains exist in some cases. Null cell adenomas may be more prevalent than reported and are clinically more aggressive than gonadotroph adenomas.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
