Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deniz Irvali, Fabian P. Schlottmann, Prathibha Muralidhara, Iliya Nadelson, Katja Kleemann, N. Ezgi Wood, Andreas Doncic, Jennifer C. Ewald
Summary: In yeast cells, the decision at the Start point can be reversed, as cells that have passed Start can re-import the cell cycle inhibitor Whi5 into the nucleus and regain sensitivity to signaling molecules. This finding suggests that cell cycle commitment in yeast is a multi-step process.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Linda L. Breeden, Toshio Tsukiyama
Summary: Most cells can only proliferate in permissive environments for a small fraction of the time. Entering quiescence allows cells to survive long periods of nondivision and reenter the cell cycle when necessary. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, quiescence is triggered by depletion of an essential nutrient and involves extensive changes in gene expression, chromatin structure, and cytoplasmic state.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Biying Wang, Xiaoya Zhao, Tong Fu, Xiaoyi Chen, Xiaoyu Guo, Xianzhen Li, Fan Yang
Summary: A positively evolved Suc2 promoter (SUC 2p) with stronger promoter activity than the wild-type Suc2 promoter (SUC 2wtp) was obtained in this study. The strength of SUC 2p was modulated by different glucose concentrations, with significantly enhanced promoter activity at low glucose concentrations.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jenny F. Nathans, James A. Cornwell, Marwa M. Afifi, Debasish Paul, Steven D. Cappell
Summary: The study reveals that the G(1)-S checkpoint does not effectively prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering S phase and replicating their DNA, leading to different cell fate outcomes. Cells triggering the DNA damage checkpoint in G(1) phase route back to quiescence, and most damaged cells actually fail to arrest and proceed through the G(1)-S transition.
Review
Cell Biology
Robert F. Brooks
Summary: Cell exit from quiescence following mitogenic stimulation is highly asynchronous and heterogeneous, with the RB-E2F and APC/C-CDH1 switches playing important roles in this dynamic process.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Agnese Kokina, Kristel Tanilas, Zane Ozolina, Karlis Pleiko, Karlis Shvirksts, Ilze Vamza, Janis Liepins
Summary: Purine starvation affects cellular morphology, metabolism, and transcriptome in budding yeast, leading to cell cycle arrest, trehalose accumulation, and tolerance to environmental stresses. It also results in significant downregulation of ribosomal biosynthesis genes. The expression of new proteins during purine starvation is critical for cells to attain stress tolerance phenotype.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weijing Yao, Yixing Li, Yingcong Chen, Yuting Chen, Pengwei Zhao, Yi Zhang, Qiang Jiang, Yuyao Feng, Fan Yang, Choufei Wu, Huiming Zhong, Yiting Zhou, Qiming Sun, Liqin Zhang, Wei Liu, Cong Yi
Summary: The DNA damage sensor Mec1 plays an essential role in the DNA damage response pathway and glucose starvation-induced autophagy. It forms puncta and contacts both mitochondria and the phagophore assembly site (PAS) through interactions with the adaptor protein Ggc1 and direct binding with Atg13, respectively. These interactions are mediated by specific protein regions, MBR on Atg13 and ABR on Mec1, and disruption of these regions impairs the recruitment of Mec1 puncta and Atg13 to the PAS, blocking glucose starvation-induced autophagy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Lastra, Maribel Escoll, Antonio Cuadrado
Summary: This study explores the involvement of transcription factor NRF2 in the cell division cycle and finds that NRF2 levels are highest during S phase entry and lowest during mitosis. NRF2 depletion leads to G1 and M arrest and affects key cell cycle regulators.
Review
Physiology
Itamar B. Dias, Hjalmar R. Bouma, Robert H. Henning
Summary: This passage discusses the similarities between tissue-resident stem cells entering a dormant state and hibernating animals using dormancy to cope with environmental stresses. It compares the molecular mechanisms of cellular quiescence and torpor, including cell cycle suppression, metabolic changes, and cellular coping mechanisms for damage. The shared factors between hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and torpor are reversible activation of cell cycle inhibiting factors, metabolic shift, downregulation of mitochondrial activity, key changes in hypoxia-inducible factor one alpha (HIF-1 alpha), mTOR, reversible protein phosphorylation and autophagy, and increased radiation resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wayne Stallaert, Katarzyna M. Kedziora, Colin D. Taylor, Tarek M. Zikry, Jolene S. Ranek, Holly K. Sobon, Sovanny R. Taylor, Catherine L. Young, Jeanette G. Cook, Jeremy E. Purvis
Summary: Using a combination of time-lapse microscopy, highly multiplexed single-cell imaging, and manifold learning, researchers visualized the human cell cycle and discovered the continuous variation of cell states, as well as the molecular features of cell cycle arrest and senescence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasios Koutsoumparis, Luisa M. Welp, Alexander Wulf, Henning Urlaub, David Meierhofer, Stefan Boerno, Bernd Timmermann, Inka Busack, Henrik Bringmann
Summary: This study reveals the role of sleep-active neurons in promoting protective gene expression during sleep. Disturbing sleep leads to increased depolarization of sleep-active neurons and further enhances protective gene expression. The findings suggest that sleep deprivation induces a cellular stress response mediated by overactivation of sleep-active neurons.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liang Sun, Jae Won Lee, Sangdo Yook, Stephan Lane, Ziqiao Sun, Soo Rin Kim, Yong-Su Jin
Summary: The authors successfully engineered Baker's yeast to co-consume xylose and acetate for triacetic acid lactone production. This metabolic re-configuration boosted the synthesis of valuable bioproducts such as TAL.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Monika Opalek, Bogna Smug, Michael Doebeli, Dominika Wloch-Salamon
Summary: Phenotypic heterogeneity in starved populations of microorganisms, including quiescent (Q) and nonquiescent (NQ) cells, can enhance survival rates in different environmental conditions. Experimental and modeling results suggest that Q cells have advantages in long starvation and resupply of rich medium, while NQ cells perform better in short starvation periods with the possibility of nutrient recycling.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yongook Lee, Bongkeun Kim, Hae-Soo Jang, Won-Ki Huh
Summary: Macroautophagy/autophagy is a crucial degradation pathway that cells use to maintain homeostasis and survive under stressful conditions. It has been discovered that Atg1-dependent phosphorylation of Vps34 is necessary for robust autophagy activity in yeast. This phosphorylation occurs at multiple serine/threonine residues in the helical domain of Vps34 in complex I and is essential for autophagy activation and cell survival. Furthermore, the localization of Vps34 complex I to the phagophore assembly site (PAS) is responsible for the complex I-specific phosphorylation of Vps34 and affects the dynamics of Atg18 and Atg8 at the PAS.
Article
Cell Biology
Feng Yue, Stephanie N. Oprescu, Jiamin Qiu, Lijie Gu, Lijia Zhang, Jingjuan Chen, Naagarajan Narayanan, Meng Deng, Shihuan Kuang
Summary: In skeletal muscle satellite cells, the dynamic distribution of lipid droplets determines cell fate, with LDLow cells outperforming LDHigh cells in regeneration and self-renewal. Interventions in LD biogenesis and catabolism disrupt cell fate balance and impair the regenerative capacity of SCs.