Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Matthew A. A. Thomas, Donald N. N. Lindsay, David B. B. Cavagnaro, Jason W. W. Kean, Scott W. W. McCoy, Andrew P. P. Graber
Summary: Increased wildfire activity in the western United States has revealed gaps in understanding postfire debris-flow generation. By characterizing flows in an unstudied area, we found that short-duration, high-intensity rainfall is more likely to initiate runoff-generated debris flows compared to total storm rainfall. This finding suggests the need for a focus on localized thunderstorms or bands of intense rainfall during prolonged rainstorms for hazard assessment and warning.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jian He, Yejia Qiang, Hongyu Luo, Shengyang Zhou, Limin Zhang
Summary: This study aims to develop a novel stress testing framework for evaluating urban system flooding upon extreme rainstorms in Hong Kong. The study focuses on the densely populated Kowloon area, incorporating detailed urban settings and validating the model through field observations. The results indicate that mitigation measures are needed to reduce the affected percentage and duration of underground mass transit railway stations and residential buildings during extreme rainstorms in order to ensure public transportation services and reduce potential exposure of residents.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhi Li, Shang Gao, Mengye Chen, Jiaqi Zhang, Jonathan J. Gourley, Yixin Wen, Tiantian Yang, Yang Hong
Summary: Flash flooding is a damaging weather event that is difficult to quantify its severity. This study proposes a new method called Flashiness-Intensity-Duration-Frequency (F-IDF) curve to quantify flash flood intensity based on its frequency and duration. The study maps F-IDF values across the United States and explores their relation with basin attributes. It is found that flash flood severity is correlated with rainfall frequency, climatological precipitation amounts, and basin drainage area. This new quantification tool can help experts better identify and respond to flash flood risks.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aung Kyaw Kyaw, Shamsuddin Shahid, Xiaojun Wang
Summary: This study aims to develop IDF curves for Yangon, using satellite precipitation datasets and different probability distribution functions. The results show that the Generalized Extreme Value Distribution best fits the hourly rainfall distribution of satellite data. The bias-corrected IDF curve generated at four locations in Yangon indicates higher rainfall intensity at coastal stations than inland stations. The methodology presented in this study can be applied to derive IDF curves for any location in Myanmar.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xuelian Zhang, Aiqing Kang, Mao Ye, Qingxin Song, Xiaohui Lei, Hao Wang
Summary: Urban roads in China, particularly low-lying areas such as underpasses, tunnels, and culverts, are highly vulnerable to urban pluvial flooding. Through statistical analysis, it was found that the distribution of flood-prone points on roads corresponds strongly to the curvature parameters of the terrain. Effective drainage, along with terrain characteristics, plays a crucial role in flood-prone areas. The findings have significant implications for flood risk identification and the development of effective flood mitigation strategies.
Article
Water Resources
Faria T. Zahura, Jonathan L. Goodall
Summary: Flooding has become more common in recent years, especially for coastal communities facing sea level rise. This study used machine learning to create a surrogate model for real-time flood forecasting, which showed promising results in predicting flood extent and depth. The surrogate model was able to differentiate between different flooding mechanisms and was validated using flood reports from a mobile app.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY-REGIONAL STUDIES
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Ilaria Gnecco, Anna Palla, Paolo La Barbera, Giorgio Roth, Francesca Giannoni
Summary: In the field of urban hydrology, selecting the appropriate form of the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve is crucial. This study proposes two different formulations of IDF curves, which consider the sub-hourly and super-hourly durations separately. The proposed curves are compared with two well-known IDF formulations that are calibrated using only super-hourly data. The findings suggest that the proposed IDF curves provide the best reliability indicator, considering the different lengths and behavior of sub-hourly and super-hourly data.
HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christoffer B. B. Andersen, Daniel B. B. Wright, Soren Thorndahl
Summary: Frequency analysis of rainfall data is important in hydrological system design and modeling. Advances in weather radar technology allow for higher spatial resolution analysis. Stochastic storm transposition framework shows promise in recreating rainfall statistics from radar data. This study estimates IDF relationships at different scales using a 17-year radar dataset and compares them to rain gauge statistics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
James L. Webber, Albert S. Chen, John Stevens, Rob Henderson, Slobodan Djordjevic, Barry Evans
Summary: The study found that individually targeting Property Flood Resilience (PFR) is more effective than focusing resources on specific high-risk areas. Targeting pluvial flood measures at individual properties can bring an average annual benefit of approximately 750 pounds. Similar results were achieved for targeting fluvial areas, but a zonal targeting approach may be more acceptable due to the concentration of hazards.
JOURNAL OF FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Petr Rapant, Jaromir Kolejka
Summary: This study introduces a method for designing an early warning system based on a different philosophy, using weather radar data and watershed drainage network data to monitor potential runoff increases on specific sections of watercourses. The generated alert only warns of a higher flash flooding hazard in specific sections of watercourses.
Article
Water Resources
Tess O'Hara, Fergus McClean, Roberto Villalobos Herrera, Elizabeth Lewis, Hayley J. Fowler
Summary: This paper demonstrates the potential of crowdsourced rainfall data in filling gaps in the official rain gauge network and providing new datasets for research. Using data from the Met Office Weather Observation Website (WOW) over a 10-year period, the paper generates two open-source datasets for Britain - multi-parameter raw data and an hourly rainfall dataset. The study highlights how WOW observations can fill spatial gaps in the official rain gauge network, particularly in urban areas, and suggests the possibility of developing similar datasets worldwide through collaborations and citizen scientists sharing data via WOW.
HYDROLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
K. C. Saurav, Sangam Shrestha, Sarawut Ninsawat, Somchai Chonwattana
Summary: The study assesses the integrated impact of urbanization and climate change on pluvial flooding in Kathmandu, with climate change expected to have a greater contribution. Measures such as rainwater harvesting and overflow storage can reduce the flood volume.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cathryn E. Birch, Benjamin L. Rabb, Steven J. Boing, Kay L. Shelton, Rob Lamb, Neil Hunter, Mark A. Trigg, Adrian Hines, Andrea L. Taylor, Charlie Pilling, Murray Dale
Summary: The study developed new surface water flooding forecast products using advanced technology and received positive feedback at a workshop, but further product development and training is required for better understanding.
JOURNAL OF FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Diego Escobar-Gonzalez, Melany S. Singana-Chasi, Juan Gonzalez-Vergara, Bolivar Erazo, Miguel Zambrano, Darwin Acosta, Marcos Villacis, Mario Guallpa, Braulio Lahuatte, Diego H. Peluffo-Ordonez
Summary: This paper studies extreme precipitation events in high-altitude cities and proposes an approach to construct IDF curves. By using different parametrization methods and distribution functions, appropriate fitting results are obtained. A spatial interpolation-based analysis is introduced to identify extreme rainfall events based on their duration.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuhan Yang, Jie Yin, Dandan Wang, Yufan Liu, Yi Lu, Weiguo Zhang, Shiyuan Xu
Summary: Increasing urban pluvial flood disasters have become a major challenge worldwide due to climate change and rapid urbanisation. This study developed an Agent-Based Model (ABM) for pluvial flood emergency evacuation, investigating the impacts of flooding on human behavior and evacuation. The study used the July 2021 pluvial flood event in Zhengzhou, China, to analyze and compare emergency evacuations. The results showed the importance of crowd behavior and the significant reduction in evacuees during extensive flooding. The ABM model developed in this study is proven to be effective and practical for urban flood emergency management decision-making.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
