Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shakiba Zeinali, Janusz Pawliszyn
Summary: Exposure to household air pollutants is a serious environmental health risk. Breath monitoring, using a needle-trap device (NTD) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME), provides accurate assessment of human exposure. The study found high concentrations of organic air pollutants in inhaled air and exhaled breath, with a correlation between the two. Furthermore, the NTD was found to enhance breath-sample determinations, especially for polar compounds.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alejandra Abigail Berumen-Rodriguez, Luz Eugenia Alcantara-Quintana, Francisco Javier Perez-Vazquez, Blanca Nohemi Zamora-Mendoza, Lorena Diaz de Leon-Martinez, Fernando Diaz Barriga, Rogelio Flores-Ramirez
Summary: Brick production causes pollution and poses health risks for workers, including respiratory diseases. This research investigated the exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and toluene, as well as the effects on health using markers of oxidative stress in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in brick workers. The study also examined the levels of pollutants in suspended particles. The findings suggest the need for prevention and control strategies to reduce emissions in the brick production sector.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
I. Guseva Canu, C. Creze, M. Hemmendinger, T. Ben Rayana, S. Besancon, V Jouannique, A. Debatisse, P. Wild, J. J. Sauvain, G. Suarez, N. B. Hopf
Summary: Subway particulate toxicity differs between in vitro and in vivo studies, calling for further research on outcomes from chronic exposures and exposure biomarkers. Monitoring of subway workers revealed varied daily temporal variation patterns in particle and metal exposures in PM, urine, and EBC matrices, highlighting the need for toxicological research to explore factors influencing health effects of low chronic exposures to subway particulates. Further studies should focus on understanding the health impacts of long-term exposure to subway particulates in larger population cohorts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Ghelli, Marco Panizzolo, Giacomo Garzaro, Giulia Squillacioti, Valeria Bellisario, Nicoletta Colombi, Enrico Bergamaschi, Irina Guseva Canu, Roberto Bono
Summary: This systematic review compares baseline values of pro/anti-inflammatory biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC) in healthy, non-smoking adults, aiming to summarize the concentrations reported in the literature. The adherence to guidelines is crucial due to differences in methodologies employed in the included articles concerning EBC sampling, storage, and analyses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ariana Lammers, Anne H. Neerincx, Susanne J. H. Vijverberg, Cristina Longo, Nicole A. H. Janssen, A. John F. Boere, Paul Brinkman, Flemming R. Cassee, Anke H. Maitland van der Zee
Summary: This study explored the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on the exhaled breath profiles of healthy adults, finding that high levels of air pollution may influence breath composition, although the impact may be minimal for regular daily exposures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zahra Sabeti, Atefeh Ansarin, Khalil Ansarin, Venus Zafari, Ensiyeh Seyedrezazadeh, Mohammad Shakerkhatibi, Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi, Saeed Dastgiri, Khaled Zoroufchi Benis, Maryam Sepehri, Zhila Khamnian
Summary: This study investigated the sex-specific differences in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression levels and related responses to air pollutants in the respiratory system of healthy adolescents. The results showed that PM2.5, PM10, O3, and PM2.5-bounded metals were negatively associated with Nrf2 expression in females, while no significant association was observed in males. Additionally, significant associations were found between the pollutants and inflammatory markers in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of females.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dapeng Chen, Noella A. Bryden, Wayne A. Bryden, Michael McLoughlin, Dexter Smith, Alese P. Devin, Emily R. Caton, Caroline R. Haddaway, Michele Tameris, Thomas J. Scriba, Mark Hatherill, Sophia Gessner, Digby F. Warner, Robin Wood
Summary: Human breath contains trace amounts of non-volatile organic compounds (NOCs) which could be used as markers of individual health. In this study, metabolites and lipids in exhaled breath aerosol (EBA) samples were analyzed to identify molecular signatures of active tuberculosis (TB). Thirteen metabolite and nine lipid markers were identified with statistically different values between individuals with active TB and healthy controls. Importantly, EBA lipid profiles can effectively distinguish the two sample types, indicating the diagnostic potential of the identified molecules.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sa Liu, Eileen Ziyao Yan, Mary Ellen Turyk, Sankalp Srisai Katta, Arteen Fazl Rasti, Jung Hyun Lee, Marwan Alajlouni, Thomas Edward Wallace, Wade Catt, Elizabeth Ann Aikins
Summary: This study evaluated the extent and level of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) contamination in the Martinsville community. PCE was detected in exhaled breath and tap water samples from residents living both inside and outside contaminated areas. Targeted measures should be taken to reduce exposure among highly exposed groups and address moderately elevated exposures in the community.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Principe, Job J. M. H. van Bragt, Cristina Longo, Rianne de Vries, Peter J. Sterk, Nicola Scichilone, Susanne J. H. Vijverberg, Anke H. van der Zee
Summary: Breath analysis using eNose technology can effectively discriminate between smokers and non-smokers in asthma and COPD patients, but not recent smokers. Recent smoking does not confound eNose breath profiles.
Article
Environmental Sciences
E. Pisoni, M. Dominguez-Torreiro, P. Thunis
Summary: The study proposes a new indicator, based on the Gini coefficient, to evaluate the inequality in exposure to air pollutants. A case study on air pollutant exposure in Europe from 2000 to 2018 shows that using only average exposure metrics can mask other interesting patterns.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Jiuyan Zhao, Lanlan Zhu, Wei Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effect of Tedlar bag on the composition of expired breath samples. The results showed a gradual decay of MS signal after 3 hours of storage, with a decay rate of approximately 45%. After 6 hours, the decay rate reached around 88%. Therefore, the Tedlar bag is suggested to be a reliable breath collector within 3 hours.
EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lorena Diaz de Leon-Martinez, Jose Moises Grimaldo-Galeana, Luz Eugenia Alcantara-Quintana, Fernando Diaz-Barriga, Francisco Javier Perez-Vazquez, Rogelio Flores-Ramirez
Summary: Quarrying is a hazardous informal economic activity that puts workers and their families at risk due to high toxicity and lack of protection. This study evaluates the respiratory health of artisan stonemasons in San Luis Potosi, Mexico and finds that they are highly exposed to pneumotoxic pollutants and markers of inflammation, suggesting a high risk of developing silicosis.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
B. O'Sullivan, P. Scully, R. J. Curtin, B. J. Plant
Summary: The study investigated the prevalence of tobacco consumption among sportspeople in Ireland, revealing a higher smoking rate than other literature reports, with rugby players having a significantly higher prevalence. Some athletes were exposed to second-hand smoke, while only a small percentage were current e-cigarette users.
QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Silvia Carraro, Valentina Agnese Ferraro, Stefania Zanconato
Summary: An increasing number of scientific papers focus on the negative impacts of pollution on human health, particularly on children's respiratory system. Both short-term and long-term exposure to air pollutants have been found to affect children's lung function. Cohort studies consistently show that early and lifetime exposure are the most significant factors leading to reduced lung function in children and adolescents. Additionally, studies indicate that pollution exposure is associated with increased levels of exhaled breath biomarkers, indicating lung inflammation and oxidative stress as potential mechanisms of pollution-related lung damage.
JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Maneeshin Y. Rajapakse, Eva Borras, Alexander G. Fung, Danny Yeap, Mitchell M. McCartney, Fauna M. Fabia, Nicholas J. Kenyon, Cristina E. Davis
Summary: This study utilized a micro fabricated chip-based wearable air sampler to monitor the exposure of volatile chemicals on six teenagers during routine daily activities. The results indicated potential occupational hazards for certain participants, especially those involved in industries directly handling petroleum products.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Veronika Ruzsanyi, Jens Herbig
Summary: The research field of breath analysis focuses on detecting volatile metabolites in exhaled air to provide quick and non-invasive information about metabolic processes in the body. Despite limited diagnostic applications, continuous improvement in analytical systems and new study protocols are expected to significantly accelerate the development of new clinical applications for exhaled air analysis in the near future.
CHEMIE IN UNSERER ZEIT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Wlodarski, Karolina Zuchowska, Wojciech Filipiak
Summary: This study presents an analytical tool for determining the biologically active fraction of piperacillin and imipenem in critically ill patients, providing clinicians with a high-throughput tool for personalized therapeutic drug monitoring in the future.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pawel Mochalski, Julian King, Chris A. Mayhew, Karl Unterkofler
Summary: Researchers often search for specific patterns of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in different sources of biomarkers, but they are not aware that these patterns change depending on the source used. To address this issue, we have created a simple model to demonstrate that the distribution patterns of VOCs in fat, mixed venous blood, alveolar air, and end-tidal breath are different.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jan van den Broek, Pawel Mochalski, Karsten Konigstein, Wang Chang Ting, Karl Unterkofler, Arno Schmidt-Trucksass, Chris A. Mayhew, Andreas T. Guntner, Sotiris E. Pratsinis
Summary: Isoprene, as a sensitive and non-invasive biomarker, has the potential for detecting and monitoring metabolic effects. Researchers have developed an inexpensive and user-friendly filter-sensor device to selectively monitor isoprene in exhaled breath, which accurately follows breath isoprene dynamics and is not interfered by other volatile compounds.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dania Slefarska-Wolak, Christine Heinzle, Andreas Leiherer, Clemens Ager, Axel Muendlein, Linda Mezmale, Marcis Leja, Alejandro H. Corvalan, Heinz Drexel, Agnieszka Krolicka, Gidi Shani, Christopher A. Mayhew, Hossam Haick, Pawel Mochalski
Summary: In this in vitro study, the researchers investigated the potential biomarkers of gastric cancer by analyzing the volatilomic signatures of gastric cancer cell lines and normal gastric mucosa cell line. The results showed significant metabolic differences between cancerous and normal cells, indicating that the cancer state modifies the volatilome of human cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dariusz Piesik, Jan Bocianowski, Karol Kotwica, Grzegorz Lemanczyk, Magdalena Piesik, Veronika Ruzsanyi, Chris A. Mayhew
Summary: The behavioral responses of Hypera rumicis L. adults to varying blends of synthetic plant volatiles (SPVs) at various concentrations are reported. The study found that the different concentrations of SPVs have attractant or repellent effects on the insects. Mated females are only attracted to a specific blend, while mated and unmated males are only attracted to females.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Philipp Holczmann, Wolfgang Lederer, Markus Isser, Andreas Klinger, Simone Jurschik, Helmut Wiesenhofer, Chris A. Mayhew, Veronika Ruzsanyi
Summary: This study investigates the reduction of aerosol exposure using different materials to blanket cardiac arrest patients, and the adsorption of three volatile compounds on these materials. The results show that aluminum-coated polyethylene terephthalate has better adsorption capacity for volatile compounds, reducing the risk of aerosol exposure.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wojciech Filipiak, Karolina Zuchowska, Marta Marszalek, Dagmara Depka, Tomasz Bogiel, Natalia Warmuzinska, Barbara Bojko
Summary: This study provides a new method for detecting and identifying causative pathogens in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). By analyzing the concentration profiles of volatile organic compounds, timely implementation of appropriate antimicrobial treatment can be achieved.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pawel Mochalski, Marcis Leja, Daria Slefarska-Wolak, Linda Mezmale, Veronika Patsko, Clemens Ager, Agnieszka Krolicka, Chris A. Mayhew, Gidi Shani, Hossam Haick
Summary: This study investigated the volatile biomarkers of gastric cancer using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Among the volatiles emitted, nineteen showed differences in their headspace concentrations above the normal and cancer tissues in at least one population of patients. Five compounds, including pyridine, exhibited consistent cancer-related changes in both populations. Pyridine was identified as the most promising biomarker candidate for detecting gastric cancer. The study confirms that the chemical fingerprint formed by volatiles in gastric tissue is altered by gastric cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Krolicka, Anna Szczurkowska, Pawel Mochalski, Grzegorz Malata
Summary: The continuous search for new sensing materials with high recognition capabilities is necessary; natural glassy carbon and polydimethylsiloxane can be used to prepare carbon paste electrodes for evaluating antioxidant capacity; the performance of new carbon paste electrodes can be enhanced by introducing rare earth oxides.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manohar Prasad Bhandari, Inese Polaka, Reinis Vangravs, Linda Mezmale, Viktors Veliks, Arnis Kirshners, Pawel Mochalski, Emmanuel Dias-Neto, Marcis Leja
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath and the fecal microbiota in gastric cancer patients and healthy controls. The results showed that this correlation differs between cancer patients and healthy controls. The volatile metabolites in exhaled breath were highly correlated with fecal bacterial taxa in cancer patients, while the correlation was lower in healthy controls.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
P. Mochalski, J. King, C. A. Mayhew, K. Unterkofler
Summary: We provide a summary of the history and literature on isoprene in exhaled breath, and discuss the current evidence and models that explain its endogenous origin and its implications for understanding isoprene levels and variations in exhaled breath.
JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linda Mezmale, Marcis Leja, Anna Marija Lescinska, Andrejs Pcolkins, Elina Kononova, Inga Bogdanova, Inese Polaka, Ilmars Stonans, Arnis Kirsners, Clemens Ager, Pawel Mochalski
Summary: This study investigated the volatile signatures formed by VOCs released from CRC tissue using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues emit 138 common VOCs, and there are 10 volatiles present in at least 90% of both types of samples. Additionally, the study found that four compounds had increased emissions and eleven compounds had reduced release from cancer tissue. These findings suggest that the VOCs signature of CRC tissue is altered by the presence of CRC and can potentially serve as biomarkers.