Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Harith Ahmad, Azim Danial Azam, Muhamad Zharif Samion, Norazriena Yusoff, Siti Aisyah Reduan
Summary: Nickel Phosphate Trisulfide (NiPS3) prepared using the LPE technique was used as a saturable absorber (SA) in a thulium-doped fluoride fiber laser for the generation of mode-locked pulses. The SA exhibited nonlinear optical properties and when inserted in the TDFF cavity, produced mode-locked pulses with specific characteristics. Adjustability in the mode-locking operation was achieved using a tunable Mach-Zehnder Filter.
PHOTONICS AND NANOSTRUCTURES-FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Lin-Guang Guo, Yong Yao, Jia-Nan Duan, Xiao-Chuan Xu, Ke Xu, Jia-Jun Tian, Yan-Fu Yang, Yun-Xu Sun
Summary: GBT nanoflakes with a thickness of about 3 nm were fabricated using liquid-phase exfoliation. The GBT-SA exhibited excellent nonlinear optical effects and showed great potential in applications such as fiber communication and ultrafast lasers.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoon-Soo Jang, Jungjae Park, Jonghan Jin
Summary: We present a fully C-band wavelength-tunable mode-locked fiber laser with a record repetition rate of 250 MHz. The use of a polarization-maintaining fiber-based Fabry-Perot cavity and a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror as a mode-locker allows for stable and single soliton mode-locking, with a wide tunability of the center wavelength from 1505 to 1561 nm. This high-repetition-rate mode-locked laser, covering the full C-band, holds great potential as a reliable source for various frequency-comb-based applications, including precision optical metrology, broadband absorption spectroscopy, and broadband optical frequency synthesizers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arni Munira Markom, Nurul Athirah Mohamad Abdul Ghafar, Malathy Batumalay, Yusrina Yusof, Ahmad Haziq Aiman Rosol, Nur Farhanah Zulkipli, Ahmad Razif Muhammad, Hazlihan Haris, Ismail Saad, Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Summary: We developed an erbium-doped fiber-based saturable absorber (SA) using niobium aluminium carbide (Nb2AlC) nanomaterial, which can generate stable mode-locked pulses. The SA was fabricated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and the Nb2AlC nanomaterial, producing pulses operating at 1530 nm with a repetition rate of 1 MHz and pulse width of 6.375 ps. A peak pulse energy of 7.43 nJ was achieved at 175.87 mW pump power. This study not only provides design suggestions for SAs based on MAX phase materials but also demonstrates the great potential of MAX phase materials for generating ultra-short laser pulses.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xin Li, D. N. Wang, Kuo Hua, Qi Chen, Yunpeng Ge, Q. K. Xia
Summary: A hybrid passive mode-locked fiber laser based on a saturable absorber fabricated with graphene coating on a single-mode fiber with short waveguides is proposed. The laser operation combines nonlinear polarization rotation and saturable absorption. The hybrid mode-locked fiber laser achieves shorter pulse width and higher signal-to-noise ratio compared to using nonlinear polarization rotation mode locking alone.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ahmad Fauzi Abas, Kuen Y. Lau, Farah D. Muhammad, Wazie M. Abdulkawi, Yahya M. Al-Moliki, Mohammed T. Alresheedi, Mohd Adzir Mahdi
Summary: This work demonstrates a dual-wavelength passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser using graphene nanoplatelet as a saturable absorber. The bidirectional dual-wavelength oscillation scheme is found advantageous in providing narrower pulse widths and higher pulse energy compared to the unidirectional scheme. This study expands the cavity structure design dynamics for synchronized dual-wavelength mode-locked fiber laser generation.
Article
Optics
Nurul Athirah M. A. Ghafar, Nur Farhanah Zulkipli, Ahmad Haziq A. Rosol, A. H. Zaidan, Y. G. Y. Yhuwana, Arni Munira Markom, Moh Yasin, Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Summary: Picosecond laser pulses are generated by utilizing the saturable absorption of Vanadium Aluminum Carbide (V2AlC) MAX phase as a mode-locker in an Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity. The V2AlC-PVA film functions as a saturable absorber (SA) and successfully produces a highly stable soliton pulse operating at 1560 nm wavelength.
Article
Optics
Lars Nielsen, Martijn J. R. Heck
Summary: Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems can address the growing demand for higher bandwidth in data centers by utilizing the full capacity of a single optical fiber. Achieving a large channel spacing in WDM systems can be challenging, but using harmonic mode-locking can increase channel spacing while maintaining cavity size. The demonstrated 45 GHz harmonically mode-locked ring laser based on an intra-cavity Mach-Zehnder filter shows potential for practical implementation in high-capacity optical communication systems.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wei Wei, Quancai Li, Yang Wang, Junfa Duan
Summary: A wavelength switchable erbium-doped fiber laser incorporating a tunable filter and dual-pass Mach-Zehnder interferometer was designed and demonstrated. The laser achieved stable single- and dual-wavelength outputs with high side-mode suppression ratio and low power fluctuations.
Article
Optics
Fan Yang, Liqiang Zhang, Minghong Wang, Nan-Kuang Chen, Yicun Yao, Zhen Tian, Chenglin Bai
Summary: Wavelength-tunable dissipative solitons and amplifier similaritons were achieved by inserting all-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) filters with different free spectral ranges (FSRs) in a Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser. The MZI filter was fabricated by splicing one segment of seven-core fiber (SCF) between two segments of single-mode fibers. The bandwidth of the filter depends on the FSR of the modulated interference curve and consequently the tapered fiber diameter. By inserting MZI filters with bandwidths in a fiber laser and applying a tensile strain on the tapered SCF, both wavelength-tunable dissipative solitons and amplifier similaritons were obtained.
CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Maisarah Mansor, Nadiah Husseini Zainol Abidin, Josephine Ying Chyi Liew, Mohammed Thamer Alresheedi, Amit Kumar Garg, Vijay Janyani, Mohd Adzir Mahdi
Summary: This study demonstrates the nonlinear saturable absorption behavior of CeO2 nanoparticles and their application in stable mode-locked pulsed fiber lasers. CeO2 nanoparticles were prepared by sonicating bulk solution and combined with PDMS polymer to form a nanocomposite SA with a modulation depth of 0.66% and saturation intensity of 77 MW/cm². The efficient performance of CeO2 nanoparticles suggests their potential as a new SA material for generating ultrashort pulses.
INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Zengrun Wen, Kaile Wang, Shuangcheng Chen, Haowei Chen, Xinyuan Qi, Baole Lu, Jintao Bai
Summary: In this study, a narrow spectral bandwidth EDF Q-switched laser is proposed, integrating saturable absorption and spectral filtering effects using SDIG. The spectral width of the Q-switched emissions is determined by the length of SDIG and pump power. The method provides a simple way to obtain Q-switched pulses with narrow bandwidths for various applications.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yu Yang, Yong Yao, Qian-chao Wu, Chong-hao Wu, Ke Xu, Xiao-chuan Xu, Jia-jun Tian
Summary: In this research, a soliton mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser using Co3O4 as a saturable absorber (SA) in the 1.5-mu m region is proposed. Spherical Co3O4 nanoparticles embedded in polyvinyl alcohol were used to form a Co3O4-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. Highly stable soliton mode-locked pulses were observed at 1558.86 nm with a 3 dB bandwidth, fundamental frequency, pulse width, and signal-to-noise ratio of 2.25 nm, 5.68 MHz, 1.24 ps, and 72.37 dB, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that spherical Co3O4 nanoparticles exhibit good performance as a promising SA for creating soliton mode-locked fiber lasers.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sigifredo Marrujo-Garcia, Luis A. Herrera-Piad, Ivan Hernandez-Romano, Daniel A. May-Arrioja, Vladimir P. Minkovich, Miguel Torres-Cisneros
Summary: This paper proposes and demonstrates a narrow spectral linewidth and wavelength-tunable erbium-doped fiber laser based on a MachZehnder interferometer filter. By incorporating the filter inside a ring cavity laser, a high-performance single laser emission is achieved, with the ability to tune the wavelength emission by changing the temperature of the filter. This technology has significant implications for telecom applications.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Optics
K. Y. Lau, D. Hou
Summary: This paper comprehensively reviews the use of material-based saturable absorbers in mode-locked fiber lasers, discussing advantages and challenges in areas such as material synthesis techniques, characteristics, composite materials, structure design, and deposition techniques. Concrete recommendations are provided to address current issues and challenges, aiming to contribute to further development in this field.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Norizan Ahmed, Suziana Omar, Zulzilawati Jusoh, Husna A. Rahman, Kaharudin Dimyati, Retna Apsari, Sulaiman W. Harun
Summary: A silver sulfide saturable absorber (SA) was used in an Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity to generate short and ultrashort pulses. The study achieved high-performance Q-switched and mode-locked lasers by optimizing the cavity structure and adding specific fibers.
MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
H. Ahmad, M. U. M. Ithnahaini, M. Z. Samion, M. F. Ismail, M. K. A. Zaini, S. A. Reduan
Summary: This research demonstrated a multiwavelength erbium-ytterbium co-doped double-clad fiber laser using two-mode and four-mode fibers as comb filters. The laser generated stable lasing lines with different spacings and high output powers. The long-term stability test showed small wavelength drifts and power fluctuations for both lasers. This work proposes a stable high-power multiwavelength fiber laser with improved output power and efficiency.
IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
H. Ahmad, M. K. A. Zaini, M. Z. Samion
Summary: Polymer-coated FePS3 arc-shaped fiber was used for four-wave mixing (FWM) as a nonlinear device with high conversion efficiency and large wavelength tuning range. The device's performance was enhanced by overlaying low refractive index polymer on the arc-shaped fiber, making it suitable for integration in optical network applications.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Correction
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alabbas A. Al-Azzawi, Aya A. Almukhtar, P. H. Reddy, S. Das, A. Dhar, M. C. Paul, H. Arof, H. Ahmad, S. W. Harun
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Harith Ahmad, Maryam Jasmine Mohd Makhfuz, Norazriena Yusoff, Azim Danial Azam, Muhamad Zharif Samion
Summary: This study presents a method for synthesizing Ti2C using different etching methods, namely hydrofluoric acid (HF) and in situ generated HF using hydrochloric acid (HCl) and lithium fluoride (LiF) salt. The synthesized MXenes were characterized using various analysis methods, and their nonlinear optical properties were analyzed. The results show that the synthesized Ti2C-HF and Ti2C-HCl have 2D multilayered nanostructures with thicknesses ranging from 10 nm to 20 nm, and they exhibit potential as saturable absorbers in pulsed laser generation for future photonics applications.
Article
Optics
N. H. Muhamad Apandi, H. Ahmad, M. Q. Lokman, S. N. F. Zuikafly, H. Yahaya, M. H. Ibrahim, R. M. Rosnan, F. Ahmad
Summary: This study explores the generation of soliton and bound-state soliton passively mode-locked EDFLs using gamma ray irradiated SWCNT-PEO film as a saturable absorber. The results show that irradiated films can produce a wider range of mode-locked pulses.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. Ahmad, B. Nizamani, S. Sekar, M. Z. Samion, N. Yusoff, S. Venkataprasad Bhat
Summary: In this work, 2D boron carbon oxynitride (BCNO) was experimentally demonstrated as a potential mode-locker in erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFL) and thulium-doped fiber lasers (TDFL) for the first time. The BCNO-coated arc-shaped fiber achieved mode-locking in EDFL with a pulse width of 1.56 ps, repetition rate of 19.14 MHz, and center wavelength of 1562.2 nm. In TDFL, mode-locked pulses with a duration of 1.456 ps, repetition rate of 13 MHz, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 70.3 dB were achieved by incorporating BCNO-coated arc-shaped fiber. These results highlight the potential of BCNO as a low-cost 2D material for laser-related applications.
Article
Optics
Mustafa Mohammed Najm, Pei Zhang, Alabbas A. Al-Azzawi, Mohammed Najm Abdullah, Moh Yasin, Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Summary: In this paper, a new saturable absorber based on sodium carbonate is proposed for generating ultrafast mode-locked stretched pulses in a passively erbium-doped fiber laser at near-zero dispersion. Experimental results show that the proposed sodium carbonate saturable absorber exhibits high modulation depth and saturation intensity, and can generate stable and high-energy stretched pulses.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
H. Ahmad, J. W. Chiam, M. Z. Samion, N. Yusoff, M. Z. Zulkifli
Summary: This study reports on the fabrication of a saturable absorber using manganese violet (MV) and its successful application in generating mode-locked pulses in a thulium/holmium-doped fiber laser. The generated pulses have a center wavelength of 1908.9 nm, a repetition rate of 12.27 MHz, and a pulse width of 1.27 ps. This work demonstrates the potential of MV as a saturable absorber for mode-locked laser operations in the 2 μm region.
INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Cheong-Weng Ooi, Kok-Sing Lim, Kuan-Huei Ng, Wu-Yi Chong, Soon-Xin Gan, Boon-Tong Goh, Harith Ahmad
Summary: This article presents the spectral properties of a Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 (GSST)-coated tilted fiber Bragg grating in response to changes in the surrounding refractive index (SRI). The variations of cladding mode resonance amplitudes and wavelengths under two orthogonal polarization modes are analyzed and validated with simulation results. The introduction of a high index coating induces non-degeneracy in the cladding modes, which gradually diminishes as SRI increases. The SRI sensitivities of s-polarized modes are substantially reduced and become 20 times lower than p-polarized modes. The findings also establish the relationship between cladding resonance amplitudes, the imaginary part of effective refractive indices, and evanescent field intensity distributions.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Muhammad Syamil Mohd Sa'ad, Harith Ahmad, Muhamad Zharif Samion, Mohamad Ashraff Alias, Muhammad Khairol Annuar Zaini, Lim Kok Sing, Kenneth T. V. Grattan, B. M. Azizur Rahman, Gilberto Brambilla, Sulaiman Wadi Harun, Mohammad Faizal Ismail
Summary: A fiber Bragg grating-based inclinometer probe with enhanced sensitivity has been developed for slope or ground movement monitoring. The probe is fabricated using a 3D printer and has a similar size to the conventional probe, with better resolution and sensitivity.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mustafa Mohammed Najm, B. Nizamani, Alabbas A. Al-Azzawi, Jassim K. Hmood, Mohammed Najm Abdullah, S. W. Harun
Summary: In this study, dual-wavelength laser pulses were successfully generated from a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser using Mo2Ti2AlC3-SA film. The fabricated film exhibited favorable optical and physical properties, and stable pulses were achieved.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
H. Ahmad, B. Nizamani, M. Z. Samion, M. Z. Zulkifli
Summary: In this work, the generation of multi- and dual-wavelength fiber lasers at the S-band was demonstrated using an all-fiber-based Lyot filter in a thulium-doped fluoride fiber laser. The multiwavelength fiber laser exhibited high optical signal-to-noise ratio and stability, while the dual-wavelength fiber laser was achieved by incorporating a tunable bandpass filter in the laser cavity.
IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
H. Ahmad, N. A. Roslan, M. K. A. Zaini, M. Z. Samion, S. A. Reduan, Y. Wang, S. Wang, J. K. Sahu, M. Yasin
Summary: A stable multiwavelength fiber laser using bismuth-doped fiber and all-fiber Lyot filter has been proposed and demonstrated. The laser can generate up to 21 output channels within a specific wavelength range and exhibits good stability and high signal-to-noise ratio.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sameer Salam, Bilal Nizamani, Huda Adnan Zain, Afiq Arif Aminuddin Jafry, Ahmad Haziq Aiman Rosol, Abdulkadir Mukhtar Diblawe, Moh Yasin, Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Summary: In this study, we developed an ultrafast fiber laser using Mo2Ti2AlC3 as a saturable absorber (SA), which successfully generated a soliton pulse train with a high signal-background noise ratio. This paper demonstrates the novel application of Mo2Ti2AlC3 as a promising SA for the first time.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)