Article
Optics
Ye Tian, Zhe Kang, Tingge Dai, Peipeng Xu, Yan Li, Yegang Lv, Xiaowei Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a broadband polarization rotator based on 70 nm-etched slab waveguides, which is compatible with all standard silicon photonic platforms. It achieves high efficiency and covers an ultra-wide bandwidth.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Inaki Lopez Garcia, Mario Siciliani de Cumis, Davide Mazzotti, Iacopo Galli, Pablo Cancio Pastor, Paolo De Natale
Summary: Theoretical modeling and experimental characterization of silicon nitride multilayer waveguides from visible to mid-infrared spectral regions were conducted, showing excellent waveguiding behavior with low losses in the infrared range.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Optics
Michael Gehl, William Kindel, Nicholas Karl, Adrian Orozco, Katherine Musick, Douglas Trotter, Christina Dallo, Andrew Starbuck, Andrew Leenheer, Christopher DeRose, Grant Biedermann, Yuan-Yu Jau, Jongmin Lee
Summary: The study presents an optical waveguide device capable of trapping a single atom or cold atom ensemble with high, invacuum, optical power. Utilizing suspended membrane waveguides, optical powers ranging from 6 mW to nearly 30 mW have been successfully managed. The platform is compatible with laser cooling and magneto-optical traps, with two novel designs for critical thermal management features.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. Radhakrishnan, G. Thavasi Raja, D. Sriram Kumar
Summary: The novel design utilizes elliptic cylindrical nanowire hybrid plasmonic waveguide as input ports and a regular silicon wire as a cross port to separate the TE and TM modes effectively. By accurately selecting physical parameters, low insertion loss and high polarization extinction ratio are achieved.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shang-Jie Yu, Helen Yao, Guangwei Hu, Yue Jiang, Xiaolin Zheng, Shanhui Fan, Tony F. Heinz, Jonathan A. Fan
Summary: This study presents hyperbolic polaritonic rulers based on low-dimensional, strongly anisotropic nanomaterials, which exhibit near-field polaritonic characteristics that are highly sensitive to device geometry. Using scanning near-field optical microscopy, the researchers demonstrate the strongly confined image polariton modes supported by these rulers and describe and predict their behavior using a simple analytic model.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Ruming Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes new numerical methods for scattering problems in periodic waveguides, avoiding the LAP process during numerical approximations and allowing for easy standard error estimation. Based on this method, a numerical solver for halfguide problems is also developed.
NUMERISCHE MATHEMATIK
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Stephan Rinner, Florian Burger, Andreas Gritsch, Jonas Schmitt, Andreas Reiserer
Summary: Quantum memories integrated into nanophotonic silicon devices show the potential for large quantum networks and scalable photonic quantum computers. In particular, erbium dopants are attractive due to their optical transitions in the telecommunications frequency band and long coherence time. We successfully integrate these emitters into commercially fabricated low-loss waveguides and observe the splitting of electronic spin states in a magnetic field up to 9 T. This advancement contributes to the development of long-lived quantum memories using CMOS technology.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhuoyuan Zheng, Zheng Liu, Pingfeng Wang, Yumeng Li
Summary: A multi-physics based finite element model was established to study the impact of delamination of the silicon layer on the performance of the Si anode. The study found that delamination could lead to the residue of a large amount of lithium within the Si phase, resulting in capacity degradation of the Si anode. Depth of delamination, Si layer thickness, and charging/discharging C-rate were identified as critical influencing factors for the performance of the Si anode.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohammed Alaloul, Jacob B. Khurgin
Summary: The study presents a design of a plasmon-enhanced photovoltaic double-graphene detector, showing high responsivity and ultra-high-speed characteristics, which can meet the needs of next-generation optical interconnects.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Easton Potokar, R. Scott Collings, Alec M. Hammond, Ryan M. Camacho
Summary: The new method proposed in this study utilizes a novel analytic formulation and multivariate polynomial regression to accurately simulate arbitrarily shaped coupled waveguides and ring resonators significantly faster than existing techniques. Benchmarking against full-wave solutions and demonstrating its application with examples validates the effectiveness of the approach.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Liliia Dvoretckaia, Alexey Mozharov, Alexander Pavlov, Roman Polozkov, Ivan Mukhin
Summary: In this study, numerical modeling was used to investigate the performance of InAs(P) nanowires-based photodetectors operating in the near infrared (IR) spectral range. Photodetector properties were compared for different alloy compositions, including pure InAs, InAs0.7P0.3, and InAs0.53P0.47. The results showed that the absorption efficiency and device detectivity depended on the geometrical parameters and chemical composition of the nanowire arrays. However, the maximum detectivity did not fully correspond to the maximum absorption. This study demonstrated the potential of InAsP nanowires as a promising material for the development of IR photodetectors with improved performance.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yaotian Zhao, Jinlong Xiang, An He, Yu He, Xuhan Guo, Yikai Su
Summary: This paper introduces the importance of polarization manipulation in photonic integrated circuits and its wide range of applications in optical communication, nonlinear optics, and quantum optics. By integrating subwavelength-structured metamaterials on optical waveguides using nanofabrication techniques, unprecedented optical manipulation capabilities beyond classical waveguide-based architectures can be achieved. The design of dielectric metamaterials composed of nanoholes and nanoslots allows for competitive performance of key polarization components while maintaining ultra-compact coupling regions. The unique properties of metamaterials provide powerful tools for on-chip polarization manipulation and offer new possibilities for the development of compact and high-performance photonic integrated circuits.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ali Emre Kaplan, Valerio Vitali, Valeria Demontis, Francesco Rossella, Andrea Fontana, Samuele Cornia, Periklis Petropoulos, Vittorio Bellani, Cosimo Lacava, Ilaria Cristiani
Summary: In this work, we present the design of a silicon photonic-based polarization converting device integrating semiconductor InP nanowires on the silicon photonic platform. A comprehensive numerical analysis shows that the device can achieve full polarization conversion with minimal power loss in small footprints. This approach can pave the way for complex and reconfigurable photonic processors based on the manipulation of polarization state of guided light beams.
Article
Optics
Ehab Awad
Summary: A novel continuous-wave silicon compatible metamaterial nanolaser was designed and demonstrated, lasing at 1550 nm when pumped at 800 nm. The metamaterial waveguide supports fundamental single-mode propagation, efficient light coupling, and simultaneous forward and backward outputs, with high quantum efficiency and low lasing threshold.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Keita Morimoto, Akito Iguchi, Yasuhide Tsuji
Summary: An efficient finite-element-method-based scattering operator (FEM-SO) is proposed in this paper, which utilizes field-based propagation operators as boundary conditions to handle arbitrary light waves, applicable to arbitrary structures. An interface matrix is introduced to address structural discontinuities at the connecting boundary of scattering operators. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jan Werner, Mathias Belz, Karl-Friedrich Klein, Tong Sun, K. T. Grattan
Summary: The detection of O2 using optical techniques is important and significant progress has been made in this area. A new sensor has been developed with a specially-formed tip design, showing extreme fast response times and stable performance.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohamad Ashraff Alias, Harith Ahmad, Muhamad Zharif Samion, Muhammad Syamil Mohd Sa'ad, Lim Kok Sing, Kenneth T. V. Grattan, B. M. Azizur Rahman, Gilberto Brambilla, Muhammad Khairol Annuar Zaini, Leonard Bayang, Mohammad Faizal Ismail
Summary: A new design of optical Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)-based sensor for torsion measurement has been developed using 3D printing technology. The sensor demonstrates high accuracy and sensitivity, and can compensate for temperature changes. It has the potential for wide application in engineering.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2022)
Article
Optics
Guangdong Song, Shengen Zhu, Wenhao Zhang, Binxin Hu, Feng Zhu, Hua Zhang, Tong Sun, Kenneth T. Grattan
Summary: In this work, an investigation of the combination of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1DCNNs) is presented for automated rock classification and improved classification accuracy. An improved Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm is proposed and applied to automatic rock classification using LIBS and 1DCNN, leading to a reduction in modeling time by about 65%, and achieving 99.33% and 99.00% accuracy for the validation and test sets of 1DCNN.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Leifeng Zhang, Changle Li, Huijuan Dong, Xiaojing Liu, Tong Sun, Kenneth T. V. Grattan, Jie Zhao
Summary: Shape sensing is important for manipulating flexible needles. This study designed a 0.6 mm diameter stylet with Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) and integrated a gradient-based optimization method for shape sensing, achieving low measurement errors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sneha Verma, B. M. A. Rahman
Summary: Photonics researchers are increasingly utilizing nanotechnology to exploit prevalent nanosized manufacturing technologies and investigate novel shape-optimized nanostructures. Hybrid nanostructures that integrate dielectric resonators with plasmonic nanostructures are offering new opportunities. In this work, a hybrid coupled nano-structured antenna with stacked multilayer lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) and Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is explored, showing strong electromagnetic confinement and sensitivity response. Compared to a single metallic elliptical paired nanostructure, the hybrid nanostructure exhibits a roughly two-fold increase in sensitivity.
Review
Optics
Akhilesh Kumar Pathak, Sneha Verma, Natsima Sakda, Charusluk Viphavakit, Ratchapak Chitaree, B. M. Azizur Rahman
Summary: Optical sensing technologies for hydrogen monitoring are becoming increasingly important in connection with the development and expanded use of hydrogen. In the past decades, there has been a rapid development of optical sensors for hydrogen monitoring due to their excellent features. However, selecting the right hydrogen-selective metal and metal alloy is crucial. This review provides an overview of the recent progress in hydrogen monitoring, highlighting the sensing principles, advantages, limitations, and future development.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. S. M. Sa'ad, H. Ahmad, M. A. Alias, M. K. A. Zaini, K. S. Lim, S. W. Harun, K. T. V. Grattan, B. M. A. Rahman, G. Brambilla, S. A. Reduan, L. Bayang, M. F. Ismail
Summary: This article introduces a surface-mounted tilt sensor that is designed to measure the inclination angle of engineered structures or slopes in two directions. The sensor utilizes strain-sensitive fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) for tilt angle measurement bidirectionally and uses a strain-free FBG for temperature compensation. The compact, robust, and easy-to-install tilt sensor shows excellent potential for various geotechnical applications, mainly in landslide detections, ground movement, and engineered slope monitoring, as supported by laboratory calibration and field test data.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chunhua Qin, Yiyuan Wang, Ziying Liu, Wenjia Li, Yuxiang Li, Ping Li, Zheng Zhu, Chunying Guan, Jinhui Shi, Kenneth T. V. Grattan
Summary: In this study, a miniaturized high-efficiency polarizer based on an Au-on-silica grating structure has been proposed, which can cover the entire visible and near-infrared spectral ranges with an extinction ratio (ER) of 60 dB in this range. By regulating the thickness of the grating, an ER of up to 150 dB can be achieved. By integrating this high-performance polarizer with an optical fiber meta-tip, a refractive polarizer with an ER value of >45 dB over the entire spectral range has been demonstrated.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Francisco J. Cabrera-Espana, B. M. Azizur Rahman
Summary: This study explores the effects of short index-matched nanowires (NWs) on solar cells and how they are influenced by surface recombination. It further optimizes power conversion efficiency by stacking NWs of different heights and diameters, achieving PCEs of 16.8% and 17.55%. These findings contribute to the development of high-efficiency thin silicon solar cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tianlong Li, Shimin Yu, Bei Sun, Yilong Li, Xinlong Wang, Yunlu Pan, Chunlei Song, Yukun Ren, Zhanxiang Zhang, Kenneth T. V. Grattan, Zhiguang Wu, Jie Zhao
Summary: Swimming microrobots guided in the circulation system have great potential in precision medicine. A new design of swimming microrobots with clawed geometry, red blood cell (RBC) membrane-camouflaged surface, and magnetically actuated retention is discussed. The microrobots showed effective magnetic propulsion and active retention even against a flow of 2.1 cm/s, indicating promising biomedical applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yunqing Guan, Ting Zhang, Xiaopeng Dong, Tong Sun, Kenneth Thomas Victor Grattan
Summary: This article presents a compact fiber-optic sensor based on a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), partially bonded with thick polyimide (PI) films, for the simultaneous measurement of humidity and temperature. The proposed sensing structure with PI films enhances the sensor response to both humidity and temperature significantly.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Jie Zhao, Guanyu Mu, Huijuan Dong, Tong Sun, Kenneth Thomas Victor Grattan
Summary: Self-running piezoelectric robots have the advantages of being low cost, high load ratio, fast speed of operation, and few limitations in confined spaces or for underwater applications. A novel standing wave ratio (SWR)-based control method, using the adjustment of the temporal phase shift, ? has been derived and demonstrated to achieve smoother motion and higher resolution of the motion speed. Through a series of experiments, the motion characteristics of the robot, such as voltage-speed, load capacity, and ability to move on different surface materials, have been tested and reported.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Huijuan Dong, Mingyang Sui, Guanyu Mu, Jie Zhao, Tianlong Li, Tong Sun, Kenneth T. V. Grattan
Summary: This article discusses the use of surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology in lab-on-a-chip applications for droplet actuation. By adjusting the excitation phase shift, theta, of interdigital transducers (IDTs), the velocity and direction of microdroplets can be controlled. The authors present the equation for the vibration of mixed traveling surface acoustic waves (TSAWs) and standing surface acoustic waves (SSAWs) formed on the substrate surface operating in the exciter-exciter mode. They derive an analytical expression for the acoustic standing wave ratio as a function of theta and the spatial phase difference. Experimental results demonstrate the potential of the exciter-exciter mode in increasing the velocity of actuated droplets compared to the traditional exciter-absorber mode.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hanqi Zhang, Qi Wu, Xiangrong Su, Jun Guo, Ke Xiong, Tong Sun, Kenneth T. V. Grattan
Summary: A cantilevered microfiber Bragg grating (CMFBG) sensor with high sensitivity and resonant frequency has been proposed and demonstrated. The CMFBG design allows for the reception of ultrasonic guided waves and the formation of standing waves, resulting in significant signal amplitude enhancements compared to conventional fiber Bragg gratings. The geometric parameters of the CMFBG design have been found to influence the ultrasonic sensitivity and resonant frequencies observed.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mingyang Sui, Huijuan Dong, Guanyu Mu, Jingze Xia, Jie Zhao, Zhen Yang, Tianlong Li, Tong Sun, Kenneth T. Grattan
Summary: This study proposes a method of manipulating droplets by changing the excitation parameter, which allows for adjustment of droplet velocity and direction, as well as significant improvement in droplet velocity. This alternative approach provides a new method for droplet manipulation in 'lab-on-a-chip' applications.
