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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hye-Jeong Yang, Ting Zhang, Xuan-Gao Wu, Min-Jung Kim, Young-Ho Kim, Eun-Suk Yang, Yeong-Seok Yoon, Sunmin Park
Summary: The study found that blackcurrant extracts can improve glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in non-obese type 2 diabetic animals, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, and increase the diversity of gut microbiota.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sriram Gubbi, Ranganath Muniyappa, Susmeeta T. Sharma, Shivraj Grewal, Raven McGlotten, Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: Short-term administration of mifepristone improved adipose and hepatic insulin sensitivity in obese individuals with hyperglycemia but without hypercortisolism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shamma Almuraikhy, Najeha Anwardeen, Asmma Doudin, Maha Sellami, Alexander Domling, Abdelali Agouni, Asmaa A. Al Thani, Mohamed A. Elrayess
Summary: Healthy non-obese insulin resistant individuals have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. Physical activity can lower insulin resistance, but the metabolic pathways involved are still unknown. This study analyzed data from 305 non-obese participants and found that active insulin resistant individuals showed differences in fatty acid metabolism, while sedentary insulin resistant individuals showed changes in glucose metabolism. These findings have important implications for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. Rating: 8 out of 10.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Angelo Armandi, Chiara Rosso, Aurora Nicolosi, Gian Paolo Caviglia, Maria Lorena Abate, Antonella Olivero, Daphne D'Amato, Marta Vernero, Melania Gaggini, Giorgio Maria Saracco, Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone, Diana Julie Leeming, Amalia Gastaldelli, Elisabetta Bugianesi
Summary: This study found that circulating irisin levels in non-diabetic, non-obese patients with NAFLD are associated with fibrosis and severity of liver damage.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lea Sani, Nicolas Cardinault, Julien Astier, Patrice Darmon, Jean Francois Landrier
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with standardized poplar propolis extract powder (PPEP) on insulin homeostasis in non-diabetic insulin-resistant volunteers with obesity. The results showed that PPEP supplementation improved insulin sensitivity by reducing the number of insulin-resistant subjects and decreasing the insulin sensitivity Matsuda index (ISI-M).
Review
Microbiology
Tiago Bertola Lobato, Matheus Gennari-Felipe, Janaina Ribeiro Barbosa Pauferro, Ilana Souza Correa, Beatriz Ferreira Santos, Beatriz Belmiro Dias, Joao Carlos de Oliveira Borges, Camila Soares dos Santos, Elvirah Samantha de Sousa Santos, Maria Janaina Leite de Araujo, Liliane Araujo Ferreira, Sara Araujo Pereira, Tamires Duarte Afonso Serdan, Adriana Cristina Levada-Pires, Elaine Hatanaka, Leandro Borges, Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura, Marco Aurelio Ramirez Vinolo, Tania Cristina Pithon-Curi, Laureane Nunes Masi, Rui Curi, Sandro Massao Hirabara, Renata Gorjao
Summary: This review explores the impact of obesity and type 2 diabetes on metabolic changes in leukocytes during SARS-CoV-2 infection, and highlights that obese and diabetic patients are at higher risk of worse prognosis, possibly due to the occurrence of cytokine storms.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Babak Arjmand, Saeed Ebrahimi Fana, Erfan Ghasemi, Ameneh Kazemi, Robabeh Ghodssi-Ghassemabadi, Hojat Dehghanbanadaki, Niloufar Najjar, Ardeshir Kakaii, Katayoon Forouzanfar, Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani, Farshad Farzadfar, Bagher Larijani, Farideh Razi
Summary: This study identified specific metabolites associated with insulin resistance and improved the prediction of insulin resistance. It further confirms the association between specific metabolic perturbations and metabolic diseases, emphasizing the importance of understanding the biochemistry and physiology underlying these associations.
BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Shafi Kuchay, Jose Ignacio Martinez-Montoro, Narendra Singh Choudhary, Jose Carlos Fernandez-Garcia, Bruno Ramos-Molina
Summary: Lean/non-obese NAFLD affects a significant portion of the global population and poses a public health concern. Despite similarities in metabolic abnormalities with obese NAFLD, lean NAFLD individuals exhibit differences in genetic predisposition, body composition, gut microbiota, and environmental susceptibility. Current treatment strategies focus on improving overall health and reducing visceral adiposity, with potential pharmacological options being explored for lean NAFLD management.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rodrigo Fernandez-Verdejo, Lorena Malo-Vintimilla, Juan Gutierrez-Pino, Antonio Lopez-Fuenzalida, Pablo Olmos, Pablo Irarrazaval, Jose E. Galgani
Summary: The study compared individuals with low and high metabolic flexibility in response to an oral glucose tolerance test and found that while metabolic health markers were similar between the two groups, individuals with high metabolic flexibility had higher diastolic blood pressure, enhanced circulating triglyceride clearance, and increased subcutaneous fat.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andras Bikov, Stefan M. Frent, Martina Meszaros, Laszlo Kunos, Alexander G. Mathioudakis, Alina Gabriela Negru, Laura Gaita, Stefan Mihaicuta
Summary: OSA is associated with increased insulin resistance, and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) has been found to be significantly higher in OSA patients, related to disease severity. However, further evaluation in non-obese, non-diabetic subjects is needed to determine the clinical significance of TyG in OSA.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hendrik J. P. van der Zande, Michael A. Gonzalez, Karin de Ruiter, Ruud H. P. Wilbers, Noemi Garcia-Tardon, Mariska van Huizen, Kim van Noort, Leonard R. Pelgrom, Joost M. Lambooij, Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak, Frank Otto, Arifa Ozir-Fazalalikhan, Danny van Willigen, Mick Welling, Jordan Poles, Fijs van Leeuwen, Cornelis H. Hokke, Arjen Schots, Maria Yazdanbakhsh, P'ng Loke, Bruno Guigas
Summary: The study demonstrates that the helminth glycoprotein omega 1 can improve metabolic homeostasis in obese mice by inhibiting food intake through a STAT6-independent mechanism. This effect is associated with an increase in type 2 T helper cells, eosinophils, and alternatively activated macrophages in WAT, regardless of type 2 innate lymphoid cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Imre Juhasz, Szilvia Ujfalusi, Ildiko Seres, Hajnalka Lorincz, Viktoria Evelin Varga, Gyoergy Paragh, Sandor Somodi, Mariann Harangi, Gyoergy Paragh
Summary: This study found that in non-diabetic, obese patients, Afamin levels were significantly higher and correlated with markers of metabolic syndrome. After multiple regression analysis, HbA1c levels and small HDL subfractions were identified as independent predictors of Afamin.
Article
Biology
Jiexiu Zhao, Yiwei Feng, Zhijian Rao, Han Li, Jincheng Xu, Shuqiang Cui, Lili Lai
Summary: This study investigated the effects of exercise combined with heat treatment on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle of obese rats. The results showed that this combination approach effectively improved insulin resistance by regulating HSF1/HSP27 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways in the slow-twitch muscle. Importantly, exercise combined with heat treatment was more effective than either intervention alone in improving insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ayya Keshet, Smadar Shilo, Anastasia Godneva, Yeela Talmor-Barkan, Yaron Aviv, Eran Segal, Hagai Rossman
Summary: Despite the increasing prevalence of diabetes, its diagnosis still relies on blood tests. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices provide a potential tool to better understand glucose control and variability in individuals with and without diabetes. This study presents CGMap, the characterization of CGM data collected from over 7,000 non-diabetic individuals, aged 40-70 years, between 2019 and 2022. The study provides reference values for key CGM-derived clinical measures and explores the relationship between CGM-derived measures and diabetes-related clinical parameters, revealing novel research directions for understanding the influence of glucose levels on various aspects of human health.
Article
Cell Biology
Seyed Amirhossein Tabatabaei Dakhili, Kunyan Yang, Cassandra A. A. Locatelli, Christina T. Saed, Amanda A. Greenwell, Jordan S. F. Chan, Jadin J. Chahade, Jared Scharff, Shahad Al-Imarah, Farah Eaton, Peter A. Crawford, Keshav Gopal, Erin E. Mulvihill, John R. Ussher
Summary: Acute elevations in circulating ketones improve glucose tolerance in obesity, independent of muscle ketone oxidation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)